Chromosome 19

Chromosome 19 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 19 spans more than 61.7 million base pairs, the building material of DNA. It is considered the most gene-rich chromosome containing roughly 1,500 genes, despite accounting for only 2 percent of the human genome.

Genes

Number of genes

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 19. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation, their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies. Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.

Estimated by	Protein-coding genes	Non-coding RNA genes	Pseudogenes	Source	Release date
CCDS	1,357	—	—		2016-09-08
HUGO [Gene Nomenclature Committee\|HGNC]	1,372	299	413		2017-05-12
Ensembl	1,469	894	514		2017-03-29
UniProt	1,435	—	—		2018-02-28
NCBI	1,430	604	528		2017-05-19

Gene list

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 19. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

Short arm

Long arm

Diseases and disorders

The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 19:

Chr.	Arm	Band	ISCN start	ISCN stop	Basepair start	Basepair stop	Stain	Density
19	p	13.3	0	578			gneg
19	p	13.2	578	870			gpos	25
19	p	13.13	870	1034			gneg
19	p	13.12	1034	1216			gpos	25
19	p	13.11	1216	1581			gneg
19	p	12	1581	1809			gvar
19	p	11	1809	1992			acen
19	q	11	1992	2159			acen
19	q	12	2159	2372			gvar
19	q	13.11	2372	2569			gneg
19	q	13.12	2569	2737			gpos	25
19	q	13.13	2737	2949			gneg
19	q	13.2	2949	3101			gpos	25
19	q	13.31	3101	3193			gneg
19	q	13.32	3193	3390			gpos	25
19	q	13.33	3390	3649			gneg
19	q	13.41	3649	3770			gpos	25
19	q	13.42	3770	3938			gneg
19	q	13.43	3938	4120			gpos	25