Chromosome 12

Chromosome 12 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 12 spans about 133 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.
Chromosome 12 contains the Homeobox C gene cluster.

Genes

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 12. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies. Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.

Estimated by	Protein-coding genes	Non-coding RNA genes	Pseudogenes	Source	Release date
CCDS	988	—	—		2016-09-08
HUGO [Gene Nomenclature Committee\|HGNC]	995	318	545		2017-05-12
Ensembl	1,033	1,202	617		2017-03-29
UniProt	1,032	—	—		2018-02-28
NCBI	1,036	853	693		2017-05-19

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 12. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 12: