Chilocosmia

Chilocosmia is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Schmidt & von Wirth in 1992. The genus was considered a junior synonym of Orphnaecus in 2012, but was re-classified as its own genus in 2025. It is a monotypic genus containing the single species, Chilocosmia dichromata.

Taxonomy

This species was originally described as Chilocosmia dichromata by Schmidt & von Wirth, in 1992. In 2005, Peters changed the name to Selenocosmia dichromatus, and in 2012, West |West], Nunn & Hogg placed Chilocosmia as a junior synonym of Orphnaecus, creating the combination Orphnaecus dichromatus. In 2025, Acuña, et al., found the genera sufficiently different to remain separate, re-classifying the species as Chilocosmia dichromata.

Characteristics

C. dichromata has 10 large teeth on the chelicerae in a row. It also has 4-5 rows of strikers, that are basally thickest and longest. The 3 rows 10 unequal coxal strikers are clavate and arranged in a semicircular shape. The cephalothorax, coxae and trochanter are reddish-brown and the abdomen and other leg segments are brown.