Cyril M. Kornbluth


Cyril M. Kornbluth was an American science fiction author and a member of the Futurians. He used a variety of pen-names, including Cecil Corwin, S. D. Gottesman, Edward J. Bellin, Kenneth Falconer, Walter C. Davies, Simon Eisner, Jordan Park, Arthur Cooke, Paul Dennis Lavond, and Scott Mariner.

Early life

Kornbluth was born on July 2, 1923 and grew up in the uptown Manhattan neighborhood of Inwood, in New York. He was of Polish-Jewish descent, the son of a World War I veteran and grandson of a tailor, a Jewish immigrant from Galicia.
The "M" in Kornbluth's name may have been in tribute to his wife, Mary Byers; Kornbluth's colleague and collaborator Frederik Pohl confirmed Kornbluth's lack of any actual middle name in at least one interview.
According to his widow, Kornbluth was a "precocious child", learning to read by the age of three and writing his own stories by the time he was seven. He graduated from high school at thirteen, received a CCNY scholarship at fourteen, and was "thrown out for leading a student strike" without graduating.
As a teenager, he became a member of the Futurians, an influential group of science fiction fans and writers. While a member of the Futurians, he met and became friends with Frederik Pohl, Donald A. Wollheim, Robert A. W. Lowndes, and his future wife Mary Byers. He also participated in the Fantasy Amateur Press Association.
Kornbluth served in the US Army during World War II. He received a Bronze Star for his service in the Battle of the Bulge, where he served as a member of a heavy machine gun crew. Upon his discharge, he returned to finish his education at the University of Chicago under the G.I. Bill. While living in Chicago he also worked at Trans-Radio Press, a news wire service. In 1951 he started writing full-time, returning to the East Coast where he collaborated on novels with his old Futurian friends Frederik Pohl and Judith Merril.

Work

Kornbluth began writing at 15. His first solo story, "The Rocket of 1955", was published in Richard Wilson's fanzine Escape ; his first collaboration, "Stepsons of Mars," written with Richard Wilson and published under the name "Ivar Towers", appeared in the April 1940 Astonishing. His other short fiction includes "The Little Black Bag", "The Marching Morons", "The Altar at Midnight", "MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie", "Gomez" and "The Advent on Channel Twelve".
"The Little Black Bag" was first adapted for television live on the television show Tales of Tomorrow on May 30, 1952. It was later adapted for television by the BBC in 1969 for its Out of the Unknown series. In 1970, the same story was adapted by Rod Serling for an episode of his Night Gallery series. This dramatization starred Burgess Meredith as the alcoholic Dr. William Fall, who had long lost his doctor's license and become a homeless alcoholic. He finds a bag containing advanced medical technology from the future, which, after an unsuccessful attempt to pawn it, he uses benevolently.
"The Marching Morons" is a look at a far future in which the world's population consists of five billion idiots and a few million geniuses – the precarious minority of the "elite" working desperately to keep things running behind the scenes. In his introduction to The Best of C. M. Kornbluth, Pohl states that "The Marching Morons" is a direct sequel to "The Little Black Bag": it is easy to miss this, as "Bag" is set in the contemporary present while "Morons" takes place several centuries from now, and there is no character who appears in both stories. The titular black bag in the first story is actually an artifact from the time period of "The Marching Morons": a medical kit filled with self-driven instruments enabling a far-future moron to "play doctor". A future Earth similar to "The Marching Morons" – a civilisation of morons protected by a small minority of hidden geniuses – is used again in the final stages of Kornbluth & Pohl's Search the Sky.
"MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie" is supposedly written by Kornbluth using notes by "Cecil Corwin", who has been declared insane and incarcerated, and who smuggles out in fortune cookies the ultimate secret of life. This fate is said to be Kornbluth's response to the unauthorized publication of "Mask of Demeter" in Wollheim's anthology Prize Science Fiction in 1953.
Biographer Mark Rich describes the 1958 story "Two Dooms" as one of several stories which are "concern with the ethics of theoretical science" and which "explore moral quandaries of the atomic age":
Many of Kornbluth's novels were written as collaborations: either with Judith Merril, or with Frederik Pohl. These include Gladiator-At-Law and The Space Merchants. The Space Merchants contributed significantly to the maturing and to the wider academic respectability of the science fiction genre, not only in America but also in Europe. Kornbluth also wrote several novels under his own name, including The Syndic and Not This August.

Death

Kornbluth suffered from "essential malignant hypertension" for many years, causing him to experience tinnitus. He died at age 34 on March 21, 1958 in Levittown, New York. On a day when he was due to meet with Bob Mills in New York City to interview for the position of editor of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, he was delayed because he had to shovel snow from his driveway. After running to meet his train following this delay, Kornbluth suffered a fatal heart attack on the platform of the station.
A number of short stories remained unfinished at Kornbluth's death; these were eventually completed and published by Pohl. One of these stories, "The Meeting", was the co-winner of the 1973 Hugo Award for Best Short Story; it tied with R. A. Lafferty's "Eurema's Dam." Almost all of Kornbluth's solo SF stories have been collected as His Share of Glory: The Complete Short Science Fiction of C. M. Kornbluth.

Personality and habits

Frederik Pohl, in his autobiography The Way the Future Was, Damon Knight, in his memoir The Futurians, and Isaac Asimov, in his memoirs In Memory Yet Green and I. Asimov: A Memoir, all give descriptions of Kornbluth as a man of odd personal habits and eccentricities.
Kornbluth, for example, decided to educate himself by reading his way through an entire encyclopedia from A to Z; in the course of this effort, he acquired a great deal of esoteric knowledge that found its way into his stories, in alphabetical order by subject. When Kornbluth wrote a story that mentioned the ballista, an Ancient Roman weapon, Pohl knew that Kornbluth had finished the 'A's and had started on the 'B's.

Novels

Outpost Mars, first published as a Galaxy serial entitled Mars Child and later reprinted as Galaxy novel No. 46 retitled Sin in Space Gunner Cade, first published as an Astounding Science Fiction serial Takeoff, later serialised in New Worlds The Space Merchants, first published as a Galaxy serial entitled Gravy Planet The Syndic, later serialised in Science Fiction Adventures, entered the Prometheus Award Hall of Fame in 1986Search the Sky, later revised by Pohl Gladiator at Law, first published as a Galaxy serial, later revised by Pohl Not This August, later revised by Pohl Wolfbane, first published as a Galaxy serial, later revised by Pohl

Collections

The Explorers
  • * "Foreword",
  • * "Gomez"
  • * "The Mindworm", 1950
  • * "The Rocket of 1955", 1939
  • * "", 1952
  • * "Thirteen O’Clock", "Peter Packer" series
  • * "The Goodly Creatures", 1952
  • * "", 1951
  • * "With These Hands", 1951
  • * "That Share of Glory", 1962The Mindworm and Other Stories
  • * "The Mindworm”,
  • * "Gomez”, 1954
  • * "The Rocket of 1955”, 1939
  • * "The Altar at Midnight”, 1952
  • * "The Little Black Bag”, 1950
  • * "The Goodly Creatures”, 1952
  • * "Friend to Man”, 1951
  • * "With These Hands”, 1951
  • * "That Share of Glory”, 1952
  • * "The Luckiest Man in Denv", · 1952
  • * "The Silly Season”, 1950
  • * "The Marching Morons · nv Galaxy Apr ’51A Mile Beyond the Moon
  • * "Make Mine Mars”, 1952
  • * "The Meddlers”, 1953
  • * "The Events Leading Down to the Tragedy”, 1958
  • * "The Little Black Bag”, 1950
  • * "Everybody Knows Joe”, 1953
  • * "Time Bum”, 1953
  • * "Passion Pills”,
  • * "Virginia”, 1958
  • * "The Slave”, 1957
  • * "Kazam Collects", 1941
  • * "The Last Man Left in the Bar”, 1947 – "a confrontation between aliens and a magnetron technician, written with an audacious literary command"
  • * "The Adventurer”, 1953
  • * "The Words of Guru", 1941 – "an early but striking fantasy about a genius child acquiring supernatural power"
  • * "Shark Ship", 1958
  • * "Two Dooms”, 1958 The Marching Morons (and other Science Fiction Stories)
  • * "The Marching Morons”, 1951
  • * "Dominoes”, 1953
  • * "The Luckiest Man in Denv", 1952
  • * "The Silly Season”, 1950
  • * "MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie”, 1957
  • * "The Only Thing We Learn”, 1949
  • * "The Cosmic Charge Account”, 1956
  • * "I Never Ask No Favors”, 1954
  • * "The Remorseful”, 1953The Wonder Effect
  • * "Introduction”,
  • * "Critical Mass”, 1962
  • * "A Gentle Dying”, 1961
  • * "Nightmare with Zeppelins", 1958
  • * "Best Friend", 1941
  • * "The World of Myrion Flowers”, 1961
  • * "Trouble in Time", 1940
  • * "The Engineer”, 1956
  • * "Mars-Tube ”, 1941
  • * "The Quaker Cannon”, 1961Best Science Fiction Stories of C. M. Kornbluth
  • * "Introduction”,
  • * "The Unfortunate Topologist”, 1957
  • * "The Marching Morons”, 1951
  • * "The Altar at Midnight”, 1952
  • * "The Little Black Bag”, 1950
  • * "The Mindworm”, 1950
  • * "The Silly Season”, 1950
  • * "I Never Ask No Favors”, 1954
  • * "Friend to Man”, 1951
  • * "The Only Thing We Learn”, 1949
  • * "Gomez”, 1954
  • * "With These Hands”, 1951
  • * "Theory of Rocketry”, 1958
  • * "That Share of Glory”, 1952Thirteen O'Clock and other Zero Hours stories published originally as by "Cecil Corwin" plus "MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie"
  • * "Preface”,
  • * "Thirteen O’Clock ”,
  • * "The Rocket of 1955”, 1939
  • * "What Sorghum Says", 1941
  • * "Crisis!", 1942
  • * "The Reversible Revolutions", 1941
  • * "The City in the Sofa", 1941
  • * "The Golden Road", 1942
  • * "MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie”, 1957The Best of C. M. Kornbluth
  • * "An Appreciation”,
  • * "The Rocket of 1955”, 1939
  • * "The Words of Guru", 1941
  • * "The Only Thing We Learn”, 1949
  • * "The Adventurer”, 1953
  • * "The Little Black Bag”, 1950
  • * "The Luckiest Man in Denv", 1952
  • * "The Silly Season”, 1950
  • * "The Remorseful”, 1953
  • * "Gomez”, 1954
  • * "The Advent on Channel Twelve”, 1958
  • * "The Marching Morons”, 1951
  • * "The Last Man Left in the Bar”, 1957
  • * "The Mindworm”, 1950
  • * "With These Hands”, 1951
  • * "Shark Ship", 1958
  • * "Friend to Man”, 1951
  • * "The Altar at Midnight”, 1952
  • * "Dominoes”, 1953
  • * "Two Dooms”, 1958
Spider Robinson praised this collection, saying "I haven't enjoyed a book so much in years." Mark Rich wrote, "Critics judging Kornbluth by this anthology, edited by Pohl, have seen a growing bitterness in his later stories. This reflects editorial choice more than reality, because Kornbluth also wrote delightful humor in his last years, in stories not collected here. These tales demonstrate Kornbluth's effective use of everyday individuals from a variety of ethnic backgrounds as well as his well-tuned ear for dialect."Critical Mass
  • * "Introduction”,
  • * "The Quaker Cannon”, 1961
  • * "Mute Inglorious Tam”, 1974
  • * "The World of Myrion Flowers”, 1961
  • * "The Gift of Garigolli”, 1974
  • * "A Gentle Dying”, 1961
  • * "A Hint of Henbane”, 1961
  • * "The Meeting”, 1972
  • * "The Engineer”, 1956
  • * "Nightmare with Zeppelins”, 1958
  • * "Critical Mass”, 1962
  • * "Afterword”, Before the Universe
  • * "Mars-Tube", 1941
  • * "Trouble in Time", 1940
  • * "Vacant World", 1940
  • * "Best Friend", 1941
  • * "Nova Midplane", 1940
  • * "The Extrapolated Dimwit", 1942Our Best: The Best of Frederik Pohl and C.M. Kornbluth
  • * "Introduction”,
  • * "The Stories of the Sixties”,
  • * "Critical Mass”, 1962
  • * "The World of Myrion Flowers”, 1961
  • * "The Engineer”, 1956
  • * "A Gentle Dying”, 1961
  • * "Nightmare with Zeppelins”, 1958
  • * "The Quaker Cannon”, 1961
  • * "The 60/40 Stories”,
  • * "Trouble in Time", 1940
  • * "Mars-Tube", 1941
  • * "Epilogue to The Space Merchants”,
  • * "Gravy Planet”,
  • * "The Final Stories”,
  • * "Mute Inglorious Tam”, 1974
  • * "The Gift of Garigolli”, 1974
  • * "The Meeting”, 1972
  • * "Afterword”, His Share of Glory: The Complete Short Science Fiction of C.M. Kornbluth – this includes almost all of Kornbluth's solo fiction, but does not include all of the collaborative pseudonymous works which were published among his earliest work between 1940 and 1942, some of which were published in Before the Universe.
  • * "Cyril”,
  • * "Editor’s Introduction”,
  • * "That Share of Glory”, 1952
  • * "The Adventurer”, 1952
  • * "Dominoes”, 1953
  • * "The Golden Road", 1942
  • * "The Rocket of 1955”, 1939
  • * "The Mindworm”, 1950
  • * "The Education of Tigress McCardle”, 1957
  • * "Shark Ship", 1958
  • * "The Meddlers”, 1953
  • * "The Luckiest Man in Denv", 1952
  • * "The Reversible Revolutions, 1941
  • * "The City in the Sofa", 1941
  • * "Gomez”, 1954
  • * "Masquerade", 1942
  • * "The Slave”, 1957
  • * "The Words of Guru", 1941
  • * "Thirteen O’Clock", 1941
  • * "Mr. Packer Goes to Hell", 1941
  • * "With These Hands”, 1951
  • * "Iteration”, 1950
  • * "The Goodly Creatures”, 1952
  • * "Time Bum”, 1953
  • * "Two Dooms”, 1958
  • * "Passion Pills”, 1958
  • * "The Silly Season”, 1950
  • * "Fire-Power", 1941
  • * "The Perfect Invasion", 1942
  • * "The Adventurers”, 1955
  • * "Kazam Collects", 1941
  • * "The Marching Morons”, 1951
  • * "The Altar at Midnight”, 1952
  • * "Crisis!", 1942
  • * "Theory of Rocketry”, 1958
  • * "The Cosmic Charge Account”, 1956
  • * "Friend to Man”, 1951
  • * "I Never Ast No Favors”, 1954
  • * "The Little Black Bag”, 1950
  • * "What Sorghum Says", 1941
  • * "MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie”, 1957
  • * "The Only Thing We Learn”, 1949
  • * "The Last Man Left in the Bar”, 1957
  • * "Virginia”, 1958
  • * "The Advent on Channel Twelve”, 1958
  • * "Make Mine Mars”, 1952
  • * "Everybody Knows Joe”, 1953
  • * "The Remorseful”, 1953
  • * "Sir Mallory’s Magnitude", 1941
  • * "The Events Leading Down to the Tragedy”, 1958
  • * "King Cole of Pluto", 1940
  • * "No Place to Go", 1941
  • * "Dimension of Darkness", 1941
  • * "Dead Center", 1941
  • * "Interference", 1941
  • * "Forgotten Tongue", 1941
  • * "Return from M-15", 1941
  • * "The Core", 1942

Non-science fiction

The Naked Storm Valerie, a novel about a girl accused of witchcraftHalf, a novel about an intersex personA Town Is Drowning Presidential Year Sorority House, a lesbian pulp novelA Man of Cold Rages, a novel about an ex-dictator

Uncollected short stories

  • "Stepsons of Mars",
  • "The Psychological Regulator",
  • "Exiles of New Planet",
  • "The Castle on the Outerplanet",
  • "A Prince of Pluto",
  • "Einstein's Planetoid",
  • "An Old Neptunian Custom",

Articles

  • "A Funny Article on the Convention",
  • "New Directions",
  • "The Failure of the Science Fiction Novel as Social Criticism", in The Science Fiction Novel: Imagination and Social Criticism, ed. Basil Davenport, Advent Press, 1959.. Brian Stableford called this "an important early piece of sf criticism, sharply pointing out the genre's shortcomings."