Cathbarr O'Donnell

Cathbarr O'Donnell was an Irish nobleman and member of the O'Donnell dynasty of Tyrconnell. The youngest brother of Red Hugh O'Donnell, Cathbarr fought for the Irish confederacy in the Nine Years' War.
In 1605 he married Rosa O'Doherty, sister of Cahir O'Doherty. In September 1607 Cathbarr took part in the Flight of the Earls, leaving Ireland for mainland Europe. He settled in Rome but shortly afterwards died of a fever, aged 25. He is buried in San Pietro in Montorio, beside his older brother Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell.
His name is often anglicised as Caffar. It is latinised as Calfurnius on his tomb inscription.

Biography

Born, Cathbarr was the fourth and youngest son of Hugh McManus O'Donnell, a Gaelic Irish lord who ruled Tyrconnell from 1566 to 1592. Cathbarr's mother was Hugh McManus's Scottish second wife, Iníon Dubh. His older brothers were Hugh Roe, Rory and Manus. He also had several sisters, including Nuala, Mary and Margaret.
His elder brother Hugh Roe was a key confederate leader during the Nine Years' War. Cathbarr and his brothers supported Hugh Roe during the war. In 1599 he fought alongside his brothers at the Battle of Curlew Pass, which resulted in a crucial victory for the Irish confederacy. Manus died at the Battle of Lifford in 1600. In 1601 Cathbarr accompanied Hugh Roe and Rory on the march to Kinsale in County Cork, where Spanish reinforcements had arrived. Cathbarr fought at the Siege of Kinsale where the confederacy faced a crushing defeat. After the battle he returned to Lower Connacht with Rory. Despite attempts to recover the military initiative, the confederacy was severely weakened. Hugh Roe died in September 1602 and Rory surrendered to the Crown at Athlone in December.
The confederates received generous peace terms from King James I. Cathbarr held lands at Ballindrait.
In 1607, Cathbarr and his wife Rosa accompanied Rory in the Flight of the Earls to continental Europe.
In early July 1608, Cathbarr travelled to Ostia, a coastal town fifteen miles west of Rome, in order to "make holiday and take a change of air". He was accompanied by his brother Rory, Hugh O'Neill, 4th Baron Dungannon, and Donal O’Carroll, Vicar General of Killaloe. Unfortunately, the men "all agreed that that particular place one of the worst and most unhealthy for climate in all Italy". Rory died of fever on 28 July 1608. Cathbarr also became ill, and similarly died of fever on 15 September 1608 in Rome. He was 25 years old. He was buried in San Pietro in Montorio. His funeral allegedly included a "splendid cortege accompanying him in procession" to the church.
The leadership of the O'Donnells passed to Rory's young son Hugh Albert O'Donnell.

Family and children

Sometime before 1605, Cathbarr married Rosa O'Doherty. Rosa was a daughter of Sean O'Doherty, Lord of Inishowen. Rosa's brother Cahir O'Doherty defected to the Crown's side during the war but later launched O'Doherty's Rebellion by burning Derry.
Cathbarr had a son with Rosa named Hugh O'Donnell, who was born around June 1605. Hugh became a Captain in the Spanish Army, serving in his stepfather's regiment in Flanders. He was killed in 1625 during the Siege of Breda.
Cathbarr also had an illegitimate son, named Conn, with another woman. According to Darren McGettigan, Conn was born with six toes on one foot. According to Francis Martin O'Donnell and Jerrold Casway, it was Cathbarr's son Hugh who had six toes on one foot. In 1608 Sir John Davies stated that the O'Donnell family had high hopes for Conn "for they affirm that one of their saints of Tyrconnell hath prophesied that when such a one, being of the sept of O'Donnell, shall be born, he shall drive all the Englishmen out of Ireland". Conn was raised in the household of Lord Deputy Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland. Conn was also raised by Captain Basil Brooke at Donegal Castle. He was later imprisoned in a London prison, and then in 1629 escaped to Flanders alongside his cousins Mary Stuart O'Donnell and Hugh O'Rourke.
After Cathbarr's death, Rosa remarried to the Irish soldier Owen Roe O'Neill.