Calingae

[Image:Thomas-de-Kent-Bnf-fr24364-fol51v-femmes ke enfantent en cinck anz.jpg|thumb|360px|"Women who bear children at age five" (Calingae).]
The Calingae or Calingi, according to ancient accounts, were a race of extremely short-lived people in India. According to Pliny the Elder they had a lifespan of only eight years. This has been viewed as exaggeration, akin to Pliny's report that the Mandi people of India bear children at age seven.
The Calingae were widely diffused over a large area according to Pliny, and consisted of the Calingae proper, the Gangarides-Calingae and the Macco-Calingae. This may have been a reference to the Tri-kalinga that appeared in the Puranas. The area of diffusion is thought to roughly coincide with the Northern Circars. Their chief cities were Dandagula and Parthalis. According to political scientist Sudama Misra, the Kalinga janapada originally comprised the area covered by the Puri and Ganjam districts.