34th Division (United Kingdom)
The 34th Division was an infantry division of the British Army that was raised in 1914, during the First World War. The division was raised from volunteers for Lord Kitchener's New Armies, originally made up of infantry battalions raised by public subscription or private patronage. The division was taken over by the War Office in September 1915. It served in France and Belgium in the trenches of the Western Front for the duration of the war.
Unit history
The 34th Division was one of the six created for the Fourth New Army on 10 December 1914. The division was originally made up of Pals battalions, and two brigades of the Northumberland Fusiliers; the Tyneside Scottish and Tyneside Irish. Major-General Edward Ingouville-Williams, an experienced commander who had led a brigade in action with the British Expeditionary Force, took command of the division in June 1915.The division landed in France in January 1916. The division's first major action was the attack at La Boisselle on the first day of the Battle of the Somme, which began on 1 July. The division suffered heavy casualties and many of the original Pals were killed. It went on to suffer further losses at the Battle of the Lys in April 1918.
The division participated in the Second Battle of the Marne.
Order of Battle
The following units served with the division:; 101st Brigade:
- 15th Battalion, Royal Scots
- 16th (Service) Battalion, Royal Scots (2nd Edinburgh),
- 10th (Service) Battalion, Lincolnshire Regiment (Grimsby)
- 11th (Service) Battalion, [Suffolk Regiment (Cambridgeshire)]
- 101st Machine Gun Company
- 101st Trench Mortar Battery
- 4th Battalion, [Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)|2/4th Battalion], Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment)
- 4th Battalion, [Royal Sussex Regiment]
- 2nd Battalion, Loyal [North Lancashire Regiment]
- 101st Trench Mortar Battery
- List of [Northumberland Fusiliers battalions in World War I#20|20th (Service) Battalion],, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 21st (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 22nd (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 23rd (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 25th Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 25st (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 1/4th Battalion, Lincolnshire Regiment
- 7/8th Battalion Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers
- 102nd Machine Gun Company
- 102nd Trench Mortar Battery
- 1/1st Battalion, Herefordshire Regiment
- 1/4th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment
- 1/7th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment
- 102nd Trench Mortar Battery
- 24th (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 25th Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 26th (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 27th (Service) Battalion,, Northumberland Fusiliers
- 9th Battalion, the Northumberland Fusiliers
- 1st Battalion, East Lancashire Regiment
- 10th Battalion, Lincolnshire Regiment
- 103rd Machine Gun Company
- 103rd Trench Mortar Battery
- 1/5th Battalion, King's Own Scottish Borderers
- 1/8th Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles)
- 1/5th Battalion, Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders
- 103rd Trench Mortar Battery
Divisional Troops
- 18th Battalion, the Northumberland Fusiliers
- 2/4th Battalion, the Somerset Light Infantry
- 19th Motor Machine Gun Battery
- 240th Machine Gun Company
- 34th Battalion M.G.C.
- Divisional Mounted Troops
- *E Squadron, North Irish Horse
- *34th Divisional Cyclist Company, Army Cyclist Corps
- 34th Divisional Train Army Service Corps
- *229th, 230th, 231st and 232nd Companies.
- 44th Mobile Veterinary Section Army Veterinary Corps
- 231st Divisional Employment Company
The Divisional artillery was placed under temporary command of 5th Division while the infantry was being reorganised in mid 1918.
- CLII Brigade, Royal Field Artillery
- CLX Brigade, R.F.A.
- CLXXV Brigade, R.F.A.
- CLXXVI Brigade, R.F.A.
- 130th Heavy Battery Royal Garrison Artillery
- 516th Heavy Battery R.G.A.
- 34th Divisional Ammunition Column R.F.A.
- V.34 Heavy Trench Mortar Battery, R.F.A.
- X.34, Y.34 and Z.34 Medium Mortar Batteries, R.F.A.
- 105th Field Company
- 106th Field Company
- 207th Field Company
- 208th Field Company
- 209th Field Company
- 34th Divisional Signals Company
- 102nd Field Ambulance
- 103rd Field Ambulance
- 104th Field Ambulance
- 74th Sanitary Section
Commanders
- Major-General Edward Ingouville-Williams 1915 – 22 July 1916
- Major-General Lothian Nicholson (British [Army officer, died 1933)|Lothian Nicholson] 22 July 1916 – March 1919