Bely Iyus
The Bely Iyus is a river in the Republic of Khakassia in Russia. It is the right source river of the Chulym. It is long, with a drainage basin of.
Etymology
Also known as Bjeloj Ijus, Bieloi Yious,.An analysis of the toponymy of the Khakass-Minusinsk basin and the areas adjacent to it indicates that, along with the stratified Turkic toponyms of a later origin, toponyms clarified from the Ugric and Samoyedic languages dominated here.
The inhabitants of the Urals call the rivers flowing to the West White rivers; those that flow to the East or to Siberia, in Black rivers.
Description
The Bely Iyus has its sources on the eastern slopes of the Kuznetsk Alatau, at an elevation of, The sources are small mountain lake in a spur of the Kuznetsk Alatau, in the high Karlykhan Range. Source of Bely Iyus is mainly snow. In the upper reaches of the Bely Iyus it is called Pikhterek and has the character of a fast mountain river, but not deep and in summer there are fords everywhere. In the middle reaches it flows among the hilly steppe spaces of the western outskirts of the Chulym-Yenisei basin, strongly meandering channel, swampy valley. The density of the river network is 0.5–0.7 km/km2. Drain module - 5-10 liters /.At the village of Maly Syutik it joins the Cherny Iyus, the left source river of the Chulym. The Chulym together with the Bely Iyus is long, and is thus one of Siberia's main rivers. The main tributaries of the first order: the left ones are Tyukhterek, Bolshaya Syya, Malaya Syya, Targa, Chernaya, etc.; right - Kharatas, Tunguzhul, Shablyk, Tyurim, etc.
Floatable river. It flows through the territory of and Shirinsky districts, Ust-Abakansky district, Sorsk, Ordzhonikidzevsky District. There are more than 10 settlements in the valley: Berenzhak, Mendol, Malaya Syya, Efremkino, Bely Balakhchin, Iyus, Solenoozernoye, etc.
The rocks that accompany the Bely Iyus River from the peaks to the mouth of the Tarcha River are predominantly granite-syenites and limestones; below the mouth of this river, breccias, conglomerates, porphyrites, and then sandstones protrude. Clay-calcareous porphyry also appears on the White Iyus River.
In the area of the villages of Efremkino and Malaya Syya, on an area of 40-50 thousand hectares, there are exotic rock outcrops, caves: Pandora's Box, Archaeological, etc. historical monuments.
The Iyussky Reserve located on the eastern slope of the Kuznetsk Alatau, in the basin of the middle course of the Bely Iyus River, Shirinsky District, Khakassia. The Iyussky Reserve has been established to protect cave complexes, biocenoses of the forest and subtaiga zone, habitats of ungulates, nesting sites of rare birds of prey, for organized cultural leisure of the population.
In the upper reaches of the White Iyus, gold is mined. With the development of the mining industry, the productivity of the fish stock in Bely Iyus has decreased significantly. There was not enough grayling, lenok, taimen, and nelma practically disappeared.
Tributaries (km from mouth)
17 km: Kizilka river69 km: unnamed river
88 km: Tyurim river
125 km: Malaya Syya river
131 km: river Bolshaya Syya
134 km: Aspad river
138 km: river Yzykhchul
138 km: Sarygchul river
143 km: Shablyk river
154 km: Tunguzhul river
172 km: Berendzhak river
172 km: Ipchul river
172 km: Kharatas river
179 km: Andat river
182 km: Tyukhterek river
192 km: Turalyg river
State Water registry data
According to the state water register of Russia, it belongs to the Upper Ob basin district, the water management section of the river is the Chulym from the city of Achinsk to the water metering station of the village of Zyryanskoye, the river sub-basin of the river is the Chulym. The river basin of the river - Ob to the confluence of the Irtysh.History
In the vicinity of the village of Malaya Syya on the banks of the White Iyus, there is the earliest settlement of Homo sapiens on the territory of Khakassia, the Paleolithic site of Malaya Syya, where drilled jewelry processed with incisors was foundRadlov Vasily Vasilievich (Friedrich Wilhelm Radloff) in his travel notes noted the statue that Daniel Gottlieb Messerschmidt found on the Ak-Iyus, which, in appearance, quite corresponds to the stone women of the southern Russian steppes.