Begomovirus


Begomovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Geminiviridae. They are plant viruses that as a group have a very wide host range, infecting dicotyledonous plants. Worldwide they are responsible for a considerable amount of economic damage to many important crops such as tomatoes, beans, squash, cassava and cotton. There are 464 species in this genus.

Morphology

Virus particles are non-enveloped. The nucleocapsid is 38 nanometers long and 15–22 nm in diameter. While particles have basic icosahedral symmetry, they consist of two incomplete icosahedra—missing one vertex—joined together. There are 22 capsomeres per nucleocapsid.

Genome

Single stranded closed circular DNA. Many begomoviruses have a bipartite genome: this means that the genome is segmented into two segments that are packaged into separate particles. Both segments are generally required for successful symptomatic infection in a host cell but DNA B is dependent for its replication upon DNA A, which can in some begomoviruses apparently cause normal infections on its own.
The DNA A segment typically encodes five to six proteins including replication protein Rep, coat protein and transport and/or regulatory proteins. This component is homologous to the genomes of all other geminiviruses. The proteins encoded on it are required for replication, control of gene expression, overcoming host defenses, encapsidation and insect transmission. The DNA B segment encodes two different movement proteins. These proteins have functions in intra- and intercellular movement in host plants.
The A and B components share little sequence identity with the exception of a ~200 nucleotide sequence with typically >85% identity known as the common region. This region includes an absolutely conserved hairpin structure and repeated sequences that are the recognition sequences for binding of the replication protein. Within this loop there is a nonanucleotide sequence that acts as the origin of virion strand DNA replication.
Component exchange occurs in this genus. The usual mechanism of pseudorecombination is by a process known as 'regulon grafting': the A component donates its common region by recombination to the B component being captured. This results in a new dependent interaction between two components.
The proteins in this genus may lie either on the sense strand or its complement.

Genes

  • Segment A
  • *V1 —positive orientation: Coat protein—29.7 kilodaltons
  • *V2—positive orientation: Movement protein —12.8 kDa
  • *C1 —negative orientation: Replication initiation protein —40.2 kDa
  • *C2: —negative orientation: Transcription activator protein —19.6 kDa
  • *C3: —negative orientation: Replication enhancer—15.6 kDa
  • *C4:—negative orientation: May determine symptom expression—12.0 kDa
  • Segment B
  • *V1 —positive orientation: Nuclear shuttle protein—33.1 kDa
  • *C1 —negative orientation: Movement protein—29.6 kDa

Virology

Smaller than unit length virus components—deletion mutants—are common in infections. These are known as defective interfering DNAs due to their capacity to interfere with virus infection. They reduce virus DNA levels and symptom severity.

Phylogenetics

The two components of the genome have very distinct molecular evolutionary histories and likely to be under very different evolutionary pressures. The DNA B genome originated as a satellite that was captured by the monopartite progenitor of all extant bipartite begomoviruses and has subsequently evolved to become an essential genome component.
More than 133 begomovirus species having monopartite genomes are known: all originate from the Old World. No monopartite begomoviruses native to the New World have yet been identified.
Phylogenetic analysis is based on the A component. B components may be exchanged between species and may result in new species.
Analysis of the genus reveals a number of clades. The main division is between the Old and New World strains. The Old World strains can be divided into African, Indian, Japanese and other Asian clades with a small number of strains grouping outside these. The New World strains divide into Central and Southern America strains.
Along with these main groupings are a number of smaller clades. One group infecting a range of legumes originating from India and Southeast Asia and a set of viruses isolated from Ipomoea species originating from America, Asia and Europe appear to be basal to all the other species. Two species isolated from Corchorus from Vietnam somewhat unexpectedly group with the New World species.

Transmission

The virus is obligately transmitted by an insect vector, which can be the whitefly Bemisia tabaci or can be other whiteflies. This vector allows rapid and efficient propagation of the virus because it is an indiscriminate feeder. The vector transmits in a persistent, circulative, non-propagative manner.
This USDA document describes a 5-year plan starting in 1992 to mitigate whiteflies.

Diseases

Several begomoviruses cause severe diseases all over the world. Those begomovirus species infecting tomato such as Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato yellow mosaic virus, first identified in the late 1980s, cause significant economic losses worldwide. In countries where these viruses have become widespread such as Trinidad, the Dominican Republic, Mexico and much of Central America, Israel, as well as across Southeast Asia including Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, and India, these diseases in tomato and other crops including pepper, and eggplant, can cause an estimated yield loss of 50–60%. Begomoviruses infecting pepper such as Pepper leaf curl virus and Chilli leaf curl virus also cause significant losses worldwide. Disease is typically manifested in the infected plant as chlorosis, leaf distortion, flower bud absicion and crinkling and stunting. In countries where these viruses have become widespread across Southeast Asia including Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and India, these diseases in pepper and other crops including tomato, cucumber, pumpkin, melon, and eggplant, can cause an estimated yield loss of 40–70%. Bean golden yellow mosaic virus causes a serious disease in bean species within Central America, the Caribbean and southern Florida.

Species

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:Begomovirus abelmoschusbhubhaneswarense, Bhendi yellow vein Bhubhaneswar virusBegomovirus abelmoschusdehliense, Bhendi yellow vein mosaic Delhi virusBegomovirus abelmoschusflavi, Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virusBegomovirus abelmoschusharyanaense, Bhendi yellow vein Haryana virusBegomovirus abelsmoschusenation, Okra enation leaf curl virusBegomovirus abelsmoschusmaculae, Okra mottle virusBegomovirus abelsmoschusmexicoense, Okra yellow mosaic Mexico virusBegomovirus abelsmoschusomanense, Okra leaf curl Oman virusBegomovirus abelsmoschusretorridi, Okra yellow crinkle virusBegomovirus abutilonbrazilense, Abutilon mosaic Brazil virusBegomovirus abutilonis, Abutilon golden mosaic virusBegomovirus agerahualianense, Ageratum yellow vein Hualian virusBegomovirus agerainvolutionis, Ageratum leaf curl virusBegomovirus agerasichuanense, Ageratum leaf curl Sichuan virusBegomovirus agerasrilankaense, Ageratum yellow vein Sri Lanka virusBegomovirus agerati, Ageratum enation virusBegomovirus ageravenae, Ageratum yellow vein virusBegomovirus alceacrispi, Hollyhock vein yellowing virusBegomovirus alceae, Hollyhock leaf curl virusBegomovirus alceamuvisi, Hollyhock yellow vein mosaic virusBegomovirus alceavenae, Hollyhock yellow vein virusBegomovirus allamandae, Allamanda leaf curl virusBegomovirus alternantherae, Alternanthera yellow vein virusBegomovirus andrographis, Andrographis yellow vein leaf curl virusBegomovirus asystasiae, Asystasia mosaic Madagascar virusBegomovirus asystasiaprimi, West African Asystasia virus 1Begomovirus asystasiasecundi, West African Asystasia virus 2Begomovirus asystasiatertii, West African Asystasia virus 3Begomovirus bauri, Abutilon mosaic virusBegomovirus bemisiaprimi, Whitefly-asssociated begomovirus 1Begomovirus bemisiaquarti, Whitefly-asssociated begomovirus 4Begomovirus bemisiasecundi, Whitefly-asssociated begomovirus 2Begomovirus bemisiaseptimi, Whitefly-asssociated begomovirus 7Begomovirus bemisiasexti, Whitefly-asssociated begomovirus 6Begomovirus bemisiatertii, Whitefly-asssociated begomovirus 3Begomovirus birdi, Bean golden yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus blainvilleae, Blainvillea yellow spot virusBegomovirus blechi, Blechum interveinal chlorosis virusBegomovirus blechumflavi, Blechum yellow vein virusBegomovirus boerhaviae, Boerhavia yellow spot virusBegomovirus brassicae, Cabbage leaf curl virusBegomovirus brassicajamaicaense, Cabbage leaf curl Jamaica virusBegomovirus caboniensis, Cnidoscolus mild mosaic virusBegomovirus cajani, Cajanus scarabaeoides yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus caprariae, Capraria yellow spot virusBegomovirus capsiahmedbadense, Chilli leaf curl Ahmedabad virusBegomovirus capsibhavanisagarense, Chilli leaf curl Bhavanisagar virusBegomovirus capsici, Pepper leaf curl virusBegomovirus capsicumacehense, Pepper yellow leaf curl Aceh virusBegomovirus capsicumannui, Pepper blistering leaf virusBegomovirus capsicumbangladeschense, Pepper leaf curl Bangladesh virusBegomovirus capsicumchinaense, Pepper yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus capsicumcontorsioris, Pepper leafroll virusBegomovirus capsicumhuastecoense, Pepper huasteco yellow vein virusBegomovirus capsicumindonesiaense, Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virusBegomovirus capsicumindonesiaenseduo, Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus 2Begomovirus capsicumlahorense, Pepper leaf curl Lahore virusBegomovirus capsicummaliense, Pepper yellow vein Mali virusBegomovirus capsicummusivi, Pepper golden mosaic virusBegomovirus capsicumthailandense, Pepper yellow leaf curl Thailand virusBegomovirus capsicumyunnanense, Pepper leaf curl Yunnan virusBegomovirus capsigondaense, Chilli leaf curl Gonda virusBegomovirus capsikanpurense, Chilli leaf curl Kanpur virusBegomovirus capsindiaense, Chilli leaf curl India virusBegomovirus capsisrilankaense, Chilli leaf curl Sri Lanka virusBegomovirus capsivellanadense, Chilli leaf curl Vellanad virusBegomovirus caricachinaense, Papaya leaf curl China virusBegomovirus caricae, Papaya leaf curl virusBegomovirus caricaflavi, Papaya yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus caricaguandongense, Papaya leaf curl Guandong virusBegomovirus caricaprimi, Papaya severe leaf curl virus 1Begomovirus caricasecundi, Papaya severe leaf curl virus 2Begomovirus catharanthi, Catharanthus yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus catharticae, Allamanda leaf mottle distortion virusBegomovirus centrosemae, Centrosema yellow spot virusBegomovirus chayotis, Chayote yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus chenopodii, Chenopodium leaf curl virusBegomovirus chillicapsici, Chilli leaf curl virusBegomovirus chlorocucumis, Melon chlorotic leaf curl virusBegomovirus chuxiongense, Tomato leaf curl Chuxiong virusBegomovirus citrulli, Watermelon chlorotic stunt virusBegomovirus cleomaurei, Cleome golden mosaic virusBegomovirus cleomecrispi, Cleome leaf crumple virusBegomovirus clerodendronflavi, Clerodendron yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus clerodendronis, Clerodendron golden mosaic virusBegomovirus clerodendrumchinaense, Clerodendrum golden mosaic China virusBegomovirus clerodendrumjiangsuense, Clerodendrum golden mosaic Jiangsu virusBegomovirus cnidoscoli, Cnidoscolus mosaic leaf deformation virusBegomovirus cocciniae, Coccinia mosaic Tamil Nadu virusBegomovirus coheni, Tomato yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus corchocubaense, Corchorus yellow vein Cuba virusBegomovirus corchoflavi, Corchorus yellow spot virusBegomovirus corchomusivi, Corchorus yellow vein mosaic virusBegomovirus corchori, Corchorus golden mosaic virusBegomovirus corchovenae, Corchorus yellow vein virusBegomovirus costai, Bean golden mosaic virusBegomovirus crassocephali, Crassocephalum yellow vein virusBegomovirus crotalariae, Sunn hemp leaf distortion virusBegomovirus crotoflavi, Croton yellow vein mosaic virusBegomovirus crotomusivi, Croton golden mosaic virusBegomovirus cucumis, Cucumber chlorotic leaf virusBegomovirus cucumisflavi, Melon yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus cucumismusivi, Melon chlorotic mosaic virusBegomovirus cucurbitachinaense, Squash leaf curl China virusBegomovirus cucurbitae, Cucurbit leaf crumple virusBegomovirus cucurbitamaximae, Pumpkin yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus cucurbitapeponis, Squash leaf curl virusBegomovirus cucurbitaphilippinense, Squash leaf curl Philippines virusBegomovirus cucurbitatenuis, Squash mild leaf curl virusBegomovirus cucurbitayunnanense, Squash leaf curl Yunnan virusBegomovirus dalechampiae, Dalechampia chlorotic mosaic virusBegomovirus daturadistortionis, Datura leaf distortion virusBegomovirus daturae, Datura leaf curl virusBegomovirus deinbolliae, Deinbollia mosaic virusBegomovirus desmodii, Desmodium mottle virusBegomovirus desmodistortionis, Desmodium leaf distortion virusBegomovirus diclipteracubaense, Dicliptera yellow mottle Cuba virusBegomovirus diclipterae, Dicliptera yellow mottle virusBegomovirus dolichoris, Dolichos yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus durantae, Duranta leaf curl virusBegomovirus ecliptae, Eclipta yellow vein virusBegomovirus emiliae, Emilia yellow vein virusBegomovirus emiliafujianense, Emilia yellow vein Fujian virusBegomovirus emiliathailandense, Emilia yellow vein Thailand virusBegomovirus erectitesis, Erectites yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus eupatorii, Eupatorium yellow vein virusBegomovirus euphorbiae, Euphorbia leaf curl virusBegomovirus euphorbiaflavi, Euphorbia yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus euphorbiaguangxiense, Euphorbia leaf curl Guangxi virusBegomovirus euphorbiamusivi, Euphorbia mosaic virusBegomovirus euphorbiamusiviflavi, Euphorbia yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus euphorbiaperuense, Euphorbia mosaic Peru virusBegomovirus flavintervenae, Tomato interveinal yellowing virusBegomovirus galii, Galium leaf distortion virusBegomovirus glycinepallidi, Soybean chlorotic blotch virusBegomovirus glycinevariati, Soybean mild mottle virusBegomovirus glycinis, Soybean blistering mosaic virusBegomovirus gossypialabadense, Cotton leaf curl Alabad virusBegomovirus gossypibangalorense, Cotton leaf curl Bangalore virusBegomovirus gossypibarasatense, Cotton leaf curl Barasat virusBegomovirus gossypiflavi, Cotton yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus gossypigeziraense, Cotton leaf curl Gezira virusBegomovirus gossypii, Cotton leaf crumple virusBegomovirus gossypikokranense, Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virusBegomovirus gossypimaculae, Cotton chlorotic spot virusBegomovirus gossypimultanense, Cotton leaf curl Multan virusBegomovirus hedyotis, Hedyotis uncinella yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus hemidesmi, Hemidesmus yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus hibisci, Hibiscus golden mosaic virusBegomovirus hibiscusvenae, Hibiscus yellow vein leaf curl virusBegomovirus hortuscrotoni, Garden croton enation leaf curl virusBegomovirus hybanthi, Hybanthus yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus hyptidis, Hyptis golden mosaic virusBegomovirus ipomoeacanaryense, Sweet potato leaf curl Canary virusBegomovirus ipomoeachinaense, Sweet potato leaf curl China virusBegomovirus ipomoeae, Sweet potato leaf curl virusBegomovirus ipomoeageorgiaense, Sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virusBegomovirus ipomoeaguangxiense, Sweet potato leaf curl Guangxi virusBegomovirus ipomoeahenanense, Sweet potato leaf curl Henan virusBegomovirus ipomoeahubeiense, Sweet potato leaf curl Hubei virusBegomovirus ipomoeakoreaense, Sweet potato golden Korea vein virusBegomovirus ipomoeamusivi, Sweet potato mosaic virusBegomovirus ipomoeasaopauloense, Sweet potato leaf curl Sao Paulo virusBegomovirus ipomoeashandongense, Sweet potato leaf curl Shandong virusBegomovirus ipomoeasichuanprimi, Sweet potato leaf curl Sichuan virus 1Begomovirus ipomoeasichuansecundi, Sweet potato leaf curl Sichuan virus 2Begomovirus ipomoeasouthcarolinaense, Sweet potato leaf curl South Carolina virusBegomovirus jacquemontiamusivi, Jacquemontia yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus jacquemontiavenae, Jacquemontia yellow vein virusBegomovirus jacquemontiayucatanense, Jacquemontia mosaic Yucatan virusBegomovirus jatrophae, Jatropha leaf curl virusBegomovirus jatrophaflavamusivi, Jatropha yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus jatrophaflavi, Jatropha leaf yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus jatrophagujaratense, Jatropha leaf curl Gujarat virusBegomovirus jatrophagunturense, Jatropha leaf curl Guntur virusBegomovirus jatrophaindiaense, Jatropha mosaic India virusBegomovirus jatrophamusivi, Jatropha mosaic virusBegomovirus jatrophanigeriaense, Jatropha mosaic Nigeria virusBegomovirus jeskei, Abutilon mosaic Bolivia virusBegomovirus kokenae, Eupatorium yellow vein mosaic virusBegomovirus leonuri, Leonurus mosaic virusBegomovirus linderniae, Lindernia anagallis yellow vein virusBegomovirus lisianthi, Lisianthus enation leaf curl virusBegomovirus loniceramusivi, Horsegram yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus ludwigiae, Ludwigia yellow vein virusBegomovirus ludwigiavietnamense, Ludwigia yellow vein Vietnam virusBegomovirus luffae, Luffa yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus lycianthesis, Lycianthes yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus macroptilaurei, Macroptilium golden mosaic virusBegomovirus macroptilicommunis, Macroptilium common mosaic virusBegomovirus macroptilifloridaense, Macroptilium yellow mosaic Florida virusBegomovirus macroptilii, Macroptilium yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus macroptilimaculae, Macroptilium yellow spot virusBegomovirus macroptilimusivi, Macroptilium bright mosaic virusBegomovirus macroptilipuertoricoense, Macroptilium mosaic Puerto Rico virusBegomovirus macroptilivenae, Macroptilium yellow vein virusBegomovirus macrotylomae, Honeysuckle yellow vein virusBegomovirus malvastri, Malvastrum leaf curl virusBegomovirus malvastrumcambodiaense, Malvastrum yellow vein Cambodia virusBegomovirus malvastrumflavi, Malvastrum bright yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus malvastrumhelshirense, Malvastrum yellow mosaic Helshire virusBegomovirus malvastrumhonghense, Malvastrum yellow vein Honghe virusBegomovirus malvastrumjamaicaense, Malvastrum yellow mosaic Jamaica virusBegomovirus malvastrumlahorense, Malvastrum yellow vein Lahore virusBegomovirus malvastrummusivi, Malvastrum yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus malvastrumphilipinesense, Malvastrum leaf curl Philippines virusBegomovirus malvastrumyunnanense, Malvastrum yellow vein Yunnan virusBegomovirus malvatrumvenae, Malvastrum yellow vein virusBegomovirus manihotis, African cassava mosaic virusBegomovirus manihotisafricaense, East African cassava mosaic virusBegomovirus manihotisburkinafasoense, African cassava mosaic Burkina Faso virusBegomovirus manihotiscameroonense, East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virusBegomovirus manihotisindianense, Indian cassava mosaic virusBegomovirus manihotiskenyaense, East African cassava mosaic Kenya virusBegomovirus manihotismadagascarense, Cassava mosaic Madagascar virusBegomovirus manihotismalawiense, East African cassava mosaic Malawi virusBegomovirus manihotiszanzibarense, East African cassava mosaic Zanzibar virusBegomovirus melochiae, Melochia mosaic virusBegomovirus melochiaflavi, Melochia yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus merremiae, Merremia mosaic virusBegomovirus merremiapuertoricoense, Merremia mosaic Puerto Rico virusBegomovirus mestae, Mesta yellow vein mosaic Bahraich virusBegomovirus mimosae, Mimosa yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus mirabilis, Mirabilis leaf curl virusBegomovirus momordicae, Bitter gourd yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus moralesi, Bean dwarf mosaic virusBegomovirus mucunae, Velvet bean severe mosaic virusBegomovirus mucunaflavi, Velvet bean golden mosaic virusBegomovirus muntiflavi, Muntingia yellow spot virusBegomovirus myanmarense, Tobacco curly shoot Myanmar virusBegomovirus nicotianacomorosense, Tobacco leaf curl Comoros virusBegomovirus nicotianacubaense, Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virusBegomovirus nicotianadominicanense, Tobacco leaf curl Dominican Republic virusBegomovirus nicotianae, Tobacco curly shoot virusBegomovirus nicotianaparvi, Tobacco yellow crinkle virusBegomovirus nicotianapusaense, Tobacco leaf curl Pusa virusBegomovirus nicotianarugosi, Tobacco leaf rugose virusBegomovirus nicotianathailandense, Tobacco leaf curl Thailand virusBegomovirus nicotianavariati, Tobacco mottle leaf curl virusBegomovirus nicotianayunnanense, Tobacco leaf curl Yunnan virusBegomovirus nicotianazimbabwense, Tobacco leaf curl Zimbabwe virusBegomovirus ocimumaurei, Ocimum golden mosaic virusBegomovirus ocimummusivi, Ocimum mosaic virusBegomovirus ocimumvenae, Ocimum yellow vein virusBegomovirus oxalisflavi, Oxalis yellow vein virusBegomovirus papayae, Papaya leaf crumple virusBegomovirus passifloracontorsionis, Passionfruit leaf distortion virusBegomovirus passiflorae, Passionfruit leaf curl virusBegomovirus passifloraseveri, Passionfruit severe leaf distortion virusBegomovirus pavoniae, Pavonia mosaic virusBegomovirus pavoniaflavi, Pavonia yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus pedilanthi, Pedilenthus leaf curl virusBegomovirus phaseoli, Bean leaf crumple virusBegomovirus phaseolialbi, Bean white chlorosis mosaic virusBegomovirus phaseolicaliconis, Bean calico mosaic virusBegomovirus phaseolichlorosis, Bean chlorosis virusBegomovirus phaseoligallici, French bean leaf curl virusBegomovirus phaseolilatens, Bean latent virusBegomovirus phaseolimexicoense, Bean yellow mosaic Mexico virusBegomovirus phaseoliretorridi, Bean bushy stunt virusBegomovirus phaseovulgaris, Common bean mottle virusBegomovirus pisi, Pea leaf distortion virusBegomovirus polygalae, Polygala garcinii virusBegomovirus pouzolziae, Pouzolzia golden mosaic virusBegomovirus pouzolziaflavi, Pouzolzia yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus pouzolziaguangdongense, Pouzolzia mosaic Guangdong virusBegomovirus premnae, Premna leaf curl virusBegomovirus puerariae, Kudzu mosaic virusBegomovirus puerense, Tobacco leaf curl Puer virusBegomovirus pyrenacanthae, Pyrenacantha yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus ramiis, Ramie mosaic Yunnan virusBegomovirus rhynchosiae, Rhynchosia mild mosaic virusBegomovirus rhynchosiaflavi, Rhynchosia yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus rhynchosiahavanaense, Rhynchosia golden mosaic Havana virusBegomovirus rhynchosiaindiaense, Rhynchosia yellow mosaic India virusBegomovirus rhynchosiarugosi, Rhynchosia rugose golden mosaic virusBegomovirus rhynchosiasinaloaense, Rhynchosia golden mosaic Sinaloa virusBegomovirus rhynchosiaurei, Rhynchosia golden mosaic virusBegomovirus rosae, Rose leaf curl virusBegomovirus sauropi, Sauropus leaf curl virusBegomovirus senecionis, Senecio yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus sennae, Senna leaf curl virusBegomovirus sidaalagoasense, Sida mosaic Alagoas virusBegomovirus sidaboliviaensecundi, Sida mosaic Bolivia virus 2Begomovirus sidaboliviaenseprimi, Sida mosaic Bolivia virus 1Begomovirus sidaciliaris, Sida ciliaris golden mosaic virusBegomovirus sidacontorsionis, Sida leaf curl virusBegomovirus sidaflavachinaense, Sida yellow mosaic China virusBegomovirus sidaflavacontorsionis, Sida yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus sidaflavalagoense, Sida yellow mosaic Alagoas virusBegomovirus sidaflavamaculae, Sida yellow blotch virusBegomovirus sidaflavamusivi, Sida yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus sidaflavaneti, Sida yellow net virusBegomovirus sidaflavaureimusivi, Sida yellow golden mosaic virusBegomovirus sidaflavavariati, Sida yellow mottle virusBegomovirus sidaflavavenae, Sida yellow vein virusBegomovirus sidaflavavietnamense, Sida yellow vein Vietnam virusBegomovirus sidaflavayucatanense, Sida yellow mosaic Yucatan virusBegomovirus sidaflavi, Sida bright yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus sidaflavitessellati, Sida yellow mosaic Gujarat virusBegomovirus sidaflavusfolii, Sida chlorotic leaf vriusBegomovirus sidaintervenae, Sida interveinal bright yellow virusBegomovirus sidamicranthae, Sida micrantha mosaic virusBegomovirus sidamusivi, Sida angular mosaic virusBegomovirus sidapallidi, Sida chlorotic leaf virusBegomovirus sidapallivariati, Sida chlorotic mottle virusBegomovirus sidasinaloaense, Sida mosaic Sinaloa virusBegomovirus sidastri, Sidastrum golden leaf spot virusBegomovirus sidaureibracoense, Sida golden mosaic Braco virusBegomovirus sidaureibrazilense, Sida golden mosaic Brazil virusBegomovirus sidaureibuckupense, Sida golden mosaic Buckup virusBegomovirus sidaureicostaricaense, Sida golden mosaic Costa Rica virusBegomovirus sidaureidis, Sida golden mosaic virusBegomovirus sidaureifloridaense, Sida golden mosaic Florida virusBegomovirus sidaureilaraense, Sida golden mosaic Lara virusBegomovirus sidaureimaculae, Sida golden yellow spot virusBegomovirus sidaureivariati, Sida golden mottle virusBegomovirus sidaureivenae, Sida golden yellow vein virusBegomovirus sidavariati, Sida mottle virusBegomovirus sidavariatialagoense, Sida mottle Alagoas virusBegomovirus sidavenae, Sida chlorotic vein virusBegomovirus sidavulgaris, Sida common mosaic virusBegomovirus siegesbeckiae, Siegesbeckia yellow vein virusBegomovirus siegesbeckiaguangxiense, Siegesbeckia yellow vein Guangxi virusBegomovirus solanumamazonasense, Chino del tomate Amazonas virusBegomovirus solanumanjouanense, Tomato leaf curl Anjouan virusBegomovirus solanumaraguaense, Tomato mild yellow leaf curl Aragua virusBegomovirus solanumargentinaense, Tomato mottle wrinkle virusBegomovirus solanumarushaense, Tomato leaf curl Arusha virusBegomovirus solanumaureicontorsionis, Tomato golden leaf distortion virusBegomovirus solanumaureimaculae, Tomato golden leaf spot virusBegomovirus solanumaureimusivi, Tomato golden mosaic virusBegomovirus solanumaureivariati, Tomato golden mottle virusBegomovirus solanumaureivenae, Tomato golden vein virusBegomovirus solanumaureusreti, Tomato golden net virusBegomovirus solanumaustraliaense, Tomato leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumbangalorense, Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virusBegomovirus solanumbangladeshense, Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh virusBegomovirus solanumboliviense, Solanum mosaic Bolivia virusBegomovirus solanumburkinafasoense, Tomato leaf curl Burkina Faso virusBegomovirus solanumcebuense, Tomato leaf curl Cebu virusBegomovirus solanumchinaense, Tomato leaf curl China virusBegomovirus solanumcomorosense, Tomato leaf curl Comoros virusBegomovirus solanumcontorsionis, Tomato leaf distortion virusBegomovirus solanumcrispi, Tomato wrinkled mosaic virusBegomovirus solanumdelhiense, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virusBegomovirus solanumdelhiquarti, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus 4Begomovirus solanumdelhiquinti, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus 5Begomovirus solanumdelhisecundi, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus 2Begomovirus solanumdepravationis, Tomato leaf deformation virusBegomovirus solanumdianaense, Tomato leaf curl Diana virusBegomovirus solanumdistorsionis, Tomato mottle leaf distortion virusBegomovirus solanumflavariati, Tomato bright yellow mottle virusBegomovirus solanumflavi, Chino del tomate virusBegomovirus solanumflavusardiniaense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virusBegomovirus solanumflavusaxarquiaense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Axarquia virusBegomovirus solanumflavuschinaense, Tomato yellow leaf curl China virusBegomovirus solanumflavuscontorsionis, Tomato yellow leaf distortion virusBegomovirus solanumflavusdepravationis, Tomato yellow leaf deformation dwarf virusBegomovirus solanumflavusguangdongense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Guangdong virusBegomovirus solanumflavushuangbaiense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Shuangbai virusBegomovirus solanumflavusindonesiaense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Indonesia virusBegomovirus solanumflavuskanchanaburiense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virusBegomovirus solanumflavusmaculae, Tomato yellow spot virusBegomovirus solanumflavusmalacitanum, Tomato yellow leaf curl Malaga virusBegomovirus solanumflavusmaliense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Mali virusBegomovirus solanumflavusmarginis, Tomato yellow margin leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumflavusreti, Tomato yellow net viursBegomovirus solanumflavusthailandense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virusBegomovirus solanumflavusvariati, Tomato yellow mottle virusBegomovirus solanumflavusvenae, Tomato yellow vein streak virusBegomovirus solanumflavusvietnamense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Vietnam virusBegomovirus solanumflavusyunnanense, Tomato yellow leaf curl Yunnan virusBegomovirus solanumghanaense, Tomato leaf curl Ghana virusBegomovirus solanumguangdongense, Tomato leaf curl Guangdong virusBegomovirus solanumguangxiense, Tomato leaf curl Guangxi virusBegomovirus solanumgujaratense, Tomato leaf curl Gujarat virusBegomovirus solanumhainanense, Tomato leaf curl Hainan virusBegomovirus solanumhanoiense, Tomato leaf curl Hanoi virusBegomovirus solanumhavanaense, Tomato mosaic Havana virusBegomovirus solanumhsinchuense, Tomato leaf curl Hsinchu virusBegomovirus solanumintervenae, Tomato interveinal chlorosis virusBegomovirus solanumiranense, Tomato leaf curl Iran virusBegomovirus solanumjapanense, Tomato leaf curl Japan virusBegomovirus solanumjavaense, Tomato leaf curl Java virusBegomovirus solanumjoydebpurense, Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virusBegomovirus solanumkalakadaense, Tomato severe leaf curl Kalakada virusBegomovirus solanumkarnatakaense, Tomato leaf curl Karnataka virusBegomovirus solanumkarnatakasecundi, Tomato leaf curl Karnataka virus 2Begomovirus solanumkarnatakatertii, Tomato leaf curl Karnataka virus 3Begomovirus solanumkeralaense, Tomato leaf curl Kerala virusBegomovirus solanumkunenense, Tomato leaf curl Kunene virusBegomovirus solanumlaosense, Tomato leaf curl Laos virusBegomovirus solanumlapazense, Tomato chino La Paz virusBegomovirus solanumlatentis, Tomato latent virusBegomovirus solanumliwaense, Tomato leaf curl Liwa virusBegomovirus solanummadagascarense, Tomato leaf curl Madagascar virusBegomovirus solanummahense, Tomato leaf curl Mahé virusBegomovirus solanummalaysiaense, Tomato leaf curl Malaysia virusBegomovirus solanummaliense, Tomato leaf curl Mali virusBegomovirus solanummindanaoense, Tomato leaf curl Mindanao virusBegomovirus solanummoheliense, Tomato leaf curl Moheli virusBegomovirus solanummusivi, Tomato bright yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus solanumnamakelyense, Tomato leaf curl Namakely virusBegomovirus solanumnigeriaense, Tomato leaf curl Nigeria virusBegomovirus solanumpalampurense, Tomato leaf curl Palampur virusBegomovirus solanumpallidi, Tomato chlorotic leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumpallidicontorsionis, Tomato chlorotic leaf distortion virusBegomovirus solanumpallidiguyanense, Tomato chlorotic mottle Guyane virusBegomovirus solanumpallidivariati, Tomato chlorotic mottle virusBegomovirus solanumparvi, Tomato dwarf leaf virusBegomovirus solanumpatnaense, Tomato leaf curl Patna virusBegomovirus solanumphilippinense, Tomato leaf curl Philippines virusBegomovirus solanumpunense, Tomato leaf curl Pune virusBegomovirus solanumrajasthanense, Tomato leaf curl Rajasthan virusBegomovirus solanumretorridi, Tomato curly stunt virusBegomovirus solanumrugosi, Tomato rugose mosaic virusBegomovirus solanumrugosiflavi, Tomato rugose yellow leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumseveri, Tomato severe leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumseverparvi, Tomato mosaic severe dwarf virusBegomovirus solanumseverugosi, Tomato severe rugose virusBegomovirus solanumseychellesense, Tomato leaf curl Seychelles virusBegomovirus solanumsinaloaense, Tomato leaf curl Sinaloa virusBegomovirus solanumsrilankaense, Tomato leaf curl Sri Lanka virusBegomovirus solanumsudanense, Tomato leaf curl Sudan virusBegomovirus solanumsulawesiense, Tomato leaf curl Sulawesi virusBegomovirus solanumtainoense, Tomato mottle Taino virusBegomovirus solanumtaiwanense, Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virusBegomovirus solanumtanzaniaense, Tomato leaf curl Tanzania virusBegomovirus solanumtenuimusivi, Tomato mild mosaic virusBegomovirus solanumtoliaraense, Tomato leaf curl Toliara virusBegomovirus solanumtortilis, Tomato twisted leaf virusBegomovirus solanumtumoris, Tomato enation leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumugandaense, Tomato leaf curl Uganda virusBegomovirus solanumvariati, Tomato mottle virusBegomovirus solanumvariatuminvolutionis, Tomato mottle leaf curl virusBegomovirus solanumvenadepravationis, Tomato vein clearing leaf deformation virusBegomovirus solanumvietnamense, Tomato leaf curl Vietnam virusBegomovirus solanumviolavenae, Tomato leaf curl purple vein virusBegomovirus solanumvulgarismusivi, Tomato common mosaic virusBegomovirus spilanthis, Spilanthes yellow vein virusBegomovirus spinaciae, Spinach yellow vein virusBegomovirus stachytarphetae, Stachytarpheta leaf curl virusBegomovirus stanleyi, Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virusBegomovirus synedrellae, Synedrella yellow vein clearing virusBegomovirus telfairiae, Telfairia golden mosaic virusBegomovirus triumfettae, Triumfetta yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus tuberosi, Potato yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus tuberosumpanamaense, Potato yellow mosaic Panama virusBegomovirus verbenae, Verbena mottle virusBegomovirus vernoniae, Vernonia crinkle virusBegomovirus vernoniafujianense, Vernonia yellow vein Fujian virusBegomovirus vernoniavenae, Vernonia yellow vein virusBegomovirus vignae, Vigna yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus vignaflavi, Cowpea bright yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus vignamusivi, Cowpea golden mosaic virusBegomovirus vignaradiatae, Mungbean yellow mosaic virusBegomovirus vignaradiataindiaense, Mungbean yellow mosaic India virusBegomovirus vincae, Vinca leaf curl virusBegomovirus vulgaris, Common bean severe mosaic virusBegomovirus warburgi, South African cassava mosaic virusBegomovirus whitaniae, Withania leaf curl virusBegomovirus wissadulae, Wissadula golden mosaic virusBegomovirus wissadulaflavi, Wissadula yellow mosaic virus