Bay Head, New Jersey


Bay Head is a borough situated on the Jersey Shore in northern Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 930, a decrease of 38 from the 2010 census count of 968, which in turn reflected a decline of 270 from the 1,238 counted in the 2000 census. Bay Head is situated on the Barnegat Peninsula, also known as Barnegat Bay Island, a long, narrow barrier island that separates Barnegat Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. Together with Mantoloking, Bay Head is considered part of the Jersey Shore's "Gold Coast".
Bay Head was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on June 15, 1886, from portions of Brick Township, based on the results of a referendum held three days earlier.
The community was supposed to have been named "Bayhead" after the Bayhead Land Company that developed the area in the 1870s. A railroad sign posted in the 1880s labeled the station as "Bay Head," and the name stuck when the borough was incorporated in 1886. The name also comes from the town's location, which is at the "head" of Barnegat Bay.

History

The Bayhead Land Company was incorporated on September 6, 1879, capitalized at $12,000. The founding partners were David H. Mount of Rocky Hill, and three Princeton men: Edward Howe, his brother Leavitt Howe and William Harris. Within several years, the resort had grown in population, with a seawall installed, roads built and graded. In 1882, Bay Head had 20 new cottages and a population of 75.
The first post office was established in Bay Head in the summer of 1882. Julius Foster was first postmaster.
The Bay Head Historic District, listed in the New Jersey and the National Registers of Historic places in 2005, includes over 550 contributing structures making it one of the largest historic districts in New Jersey. Bay Head's historic district is architecturally significant for its large collection of well-preserved Shingle style, Stick Style, and Queen Anne style structures.
The stone rubble seawall built in 1882, which had been buried by dunes and largely forgotten, played a role in reducing damage to the town by Hurricane Sandy.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 0.71 square miles, including 0.59 square miles of land and 0.12 square miles of water.
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the borough include Twilight Lake.
The borough borders the Ocean County municipalities of Brick Township, Mantoloking, Point Pleasant and Point Pleasant Beach.

Demographics

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 968 people, 459 households, and 270 families in the borough. The population density was. There were 1,023 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup was 98.55% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 0.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.03% of the population.
Of the 459 households, 15.0% had children under the age of 18; 49.0% were married couples living together; 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present and 41.2% were non-families. Of all households, 37.0% were made up of individuals and 22.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.78.
15.5% of the population were under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 12.9% from 25 to 44, 32.9% from 45 to 64, and 34.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 57.2 years. For every 100 females, the population had 90.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 86.3 males.
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that median household income was $88,417 and the median family income was $134,583. Males had a median income of $75,833 versus $60,625 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $78,226. About 0.9% of families and 1.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States census there were 1,238 people, 584 households, and 349 families residing in the borough. The population density was. There were 1,053 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the borough was 97.98% White, 0.16% African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.57% Asian, 0.48% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.29% of the population.
There were 584 households, out of which 16.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.1% were non-families. 35.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.73.
In the borough the population was spread out, with 15.4% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 33.7% from 45 to 64, and 25.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.3 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $77,790, and the median income for a family was $93,055. Males had a median income of $64,063 versus $38,672 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $49,639. About 0.3% of families and 3.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.8% of those under age 18 and 2.1% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Local government

Bay Head is governed under the borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 municipalities statewide, making it the most common form of government in New Jersey. The governing body is comprised of the mayor and the borough council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. The mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The borough council includes six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle. The borough form of government used by Bay Head is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.
, the mayor of the Borough of Bay Head is Republican William W. Curtis, whose term of office ends December 31, 2027. Members of the Bay Head Borough Council are Council President Dennis J. Shaning, Jennifer Barnes-Gambert, Diane M. Cornell, James W. Gates Jr., Douglas J. Lyons and Holly MacPherson.
In February 2020, the borough council chose Andrew Frizzell from a list of three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the term expiring in December 2020 that became vacant following the resignation of Brian Magory.

Federal, state and county representation

Bay Head is located in the 4th Congressional district and is part of New Jersey's 10th state legislative district.

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 837 registered voters in Bay Head, of which 115 were registered as Democrats, 453 were registered as Republicans and 269 were registered as Unaffiliated. There were no voters registered to other parties. Among the borough's 2010 Census population, 86.5% were registered to vote, including 102.3% of those ages 18 and over.
Bay Head has voted for all Republican presidential candidates since at least 1932, if not all but William Howard Taft's 1912 presidential campaign. The best showing was Dwight Eisenhower's 1956 re-election bid.

Education

The Bay Head School District serves students in public school for pre-kindergarten through eighth grade at Bay Head Elementary School. As of the 2022–23 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 125 students and 14.5 classroom teachers, for a student–teacher ratio of 8.7:1. The district was ranked as one of the smallest in the state in 2016–17.
Students in public school for ninth through twelfth grades attend Point Pleasant Beach High School in Point Pleasant Beach, as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Point Pleasant Beach School District, together with students from Lavallette and Mantoloking. As of the 2022–23 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 358 students and 38.4 classroom teachers, for a student–teacher ratio of 9.3:1.

Transportation

Roads and highways

, the borough had a total of of roadways, of which were maintained by the municipality, by Ocean County and by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.
The main roadway through Bay Head is Route 35, a two-lane highway that connects many of the Jersey Shore's small communities.

Public transportation

trains terminate at the Bay Head station and yard, with service on the North Jersey Coast Line north to Penn Station Newark, Hoboken Terminal, and Penn Station New York in Midtown Manhattan.

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Bay Head has a Humid subtropical climate.

Ecology

According to the A. W. Kuchler U.S. potential natural vegetation types, Bay Head would have an Appalachian Oak vegetation type with an Eastern Hardwood Forest vegetation form.

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Bay Head include: