Melusine von der Schulenburg, Duchess of Kendal


Ehrengard Melusine von der Schulenburg, suo jure Duchess of Kendal and Duchess of Munster was a longtime mistress to King George I of Great Britain.

Early life

She was born at Emden in the Duchy of Magdeburg. She was a daughter of Gustavus Adolphus, Baron von der Schulenburg, Privy Councillor to the Elector of Brandenburg, by his wife Petronella Ottilie von Schwencken. Her brothers were Marshal Johann Matthias Imperial Count von der Schulenburg and General Daniel Bodo Count von der Schulenburg and her sisters were Margarethe Gertrud von der Schulenburg, Sophia Juliane von der Schulenburg, and Anna Elisabeth von der Schulenburg. Her middle name was probably given in reference to the Melusine legends.

Royal mistress

In 1690 she was appointed Maid of Honour to Electress Sophia, and the following year she became a mistress of the Electoral Prince, George Louis. George Louis succeeded as Elector of Hanover in 1698 and King of Great Britain in 1714.
Melusine moved with him to England, and on 18 July 1716 was created for life Duchess of Munster, Marchioness of Dungannon, Countess of Dungannon and Baroness Dundalk, in the Peerage of Ireland. On 19 March 1719 she was further created Duchess of Kendal, Countess of Feversham and Baroness Glastonbury, in the Peerage of Great Britain. In 1723 Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, created her Princess of Eberstein. This last creation in particular tended to support the theory that she had married the King in secret. Robert Walpole said of her that she was "as much the queen of England as anyone was". George's wife Sophia had been kept in imprisonment since their divorce in 1694.
The Duchess of Kendal was a very thin woman, being known in Germany as "the Scarecrow" and in England as "the Maypole". The Jacobites called her "the Goose", most famously in the taunting Scots ballad Cam Ye O'er Frae France. When in England, she lived principally at Kendal House in Isleworth, Middlesex. She obtained large sums of money by selling public offices and titles; she also sold patent rights, including the privilege of supplying Ireland with a new copper coinage. This she sold to William Wood, a Wolverhampton merchant, who flooded the country with inferior coins, leading Jonathan Swift to write his Drapier's Letters. In political matters, she had much influence with the king, and she received £10,000 for procuring the recall of Viscount Bolingbroke from exile.
Melusine bore George three illegitimate children:
Anna Luise Sophie and Petronilla Melusina were officially acknowledged as the children of Melusine's sister Gertrud and her husband Friedrich Achaz von der Schulenburg, a kinsman of the sisters who shared their surname. Margarethe Gertrud was officially named von Oeynhausen because she was recognised as the daughter of Melusine's other sister, Sophia Juliane and her husband Rabe Christoph von Oeynhausen.
Image:Duchess of Kendal coa.png|thumb|Arms of the Duchess of Kendal and Munster

Later life and death

After George's death, she kept a raven she believed to be the dead king. She died, unmarried, on 10 May 1743.