Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station

Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station is a Polish research station on King George Island, off the coast of Antarctica.

History

The station is named for Henryk Arctowski, who as meteorologist had accompanied the Belgian explorer Baron Adrien de Gerlache on the Belgian Antarctic expedition "Belgica", 1897–1899. This was the first expedition to overwinter in Antarctica. He proposed the original notion of a wind chill factor, arguing that wind could be as damaging to human flesh as cold in harsh climates.
Established on 26 February 1977, the station is managed by the Polish Academy of Sciences; its main research areas include marine biology, oceanography, geology, geomorphology, glaciology, meteorology, climatology, seismology, magnetism and ecology.
Because it is readily accessible, it is one of the most-visited scientific stations in Antarctica. The beaches near the station have numerous whale bones, relics of the time when the site was used to process whales killed nearby.
The station is near colonies of three different types of Pygoscelis penguins, and has been designated a site of Special Scientific Interest as provided by the Antarctic Treaty.

The grave of Polish wildlife photographer Włodzimierz Puchalski, surmounted by an iron cross, stands on a hill to the south of the station. Puchalski died on 19 January 1979 in the course of filming a nature documentary in the vicinity of the station. The location of the grave and cross has been designated a Historic Site or Monument, following a proposal by Poland to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting.