Anisian
In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage or earliest age of the Middle Triassic series or epoch and lasted from million years ago until million years ago. The Anisian Age succeeds the Olenekian Age and precedes the Ladinian Age.
Stratigraphic definitions
The stage and its name were established by Austrian geologists Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen and Carl Diener in 1895. The name comes from Anisus, the Latin name of the river Enns. The original type locality is at Großreifling in the Austrian state of Styria.The base of the Anisian Stage is sometimes laid at the first appearance of conodont species Chiosella timorensis in the stratigraphic record. Other stratigraphers prefer to use the base of magnetic chronozone MT1n. There is no accepted global reference profile for the base, but one was proposed at a flank of the mountain Deșli Caira in the Romanian Dobruja.
The top of the Anisian is at the first appearance of ammonite species Eoprotrachyceras curionii and the ammonite family Trachyceratidae. The conodont species Neogondolella praehungarica appears at the same level.
Especially in Central Europe the Anisian Stage is sometimes subdivided into four substages: Aegean, Bythinian, Pelsonian and Illyrian.
The Anisian contains six ammonite biozones:
- zone of Nevadites
- zone of Hungarites
- zone of Paraceratites
- zone of Balatonites balatonicus
- zone of Kocaelia
- zone of ''Acrochordiceras''
Selected formations
- Sydney sandstone
- Wianamatta Group – Bringelly Shale, Ashfield Shale
- Lower and middle Besano Formation
- Upper Ermaying Formation
- Favret Formation / Prida Formation
- Grès à Voltzia
- Guanling Formation
- Moenkopi Formation
- Lower and Middle Muschelkalk
- Röt Formation / Upper Buntsandstein