List of slave traders of the United States


This is a list of slave traders of the United States, people whose occupation or business was the slave trade in the United States. Slave traders were human traffickers that bought and sold people as property, also called "chattel" or "commodities". The people who were enslaved and bought and sold were primarily Africans and African-American people in the Southern United States from the time of the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 until the defeat of the Confederate States of America in 1865, ending the American Civil War.
The Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves was passed into law in 1808 under the Star-Spangled Banner flag, when there were 15 states in the Union. This Act, combined with the Slave Trade Act of 1794 and the Slave Trade Act of 1800, prohibited U.S. citizens from engaging in the international slave trade between nations:Slave Trade Act of 1794: This law prohibited U.S. citizens from using American ships to transport slaves to foreign countries. It also made it illegal to outfit a vessel for this purpose from U.S. ports.Slave Trade Act of 1800: This act built on the 1794 law, making it illegal for U.S. citizens to engage in the international slave trade, even on foreign vessels. It also increased penalties for those involved.Act Prohibiting the Import of Slaves of 1807: Signed into law by president Thomas Jefferson and effective January 1, 1808, this landmark legislation banned the importation of enslaved people into the United States.
These laws did not apply to the domestic or interstate slave trade in the US, which continued through the end of the civil war. The laws did apply to the transatlantic slave trade and prohibited U.S. citizens from participating in it. Little to no enforcement of these laws resulted in a dramatic increase of the illegal slave trade. U.S. slave traders and slavery oligarchs established new trade routes with other countries, primarily Brazil and Cuba.
Over 50 years later, in 1865, the last American slave sale was made somewhere in the rebel Confederacy. In the intervening years, the politics surrounding the addition of 20 new states to the Union had been almost overwhelmingly dominated by whether or not those states would have legal slavery.
Slavery was widespread, so slave trading was widespread, and "When a planter died, failed in business, divided his estate, needed ready money to satisfy a mortgage or pay a gambling debt, or desired to get rid of an unruly Negro, traders struck a profitable bargain."
Slave traders were not limited to a single profession but were found across many levels of a society that profited from the practice. Terms used to describe occupations related to slave trading included the following:
Directly involved in the trade:
  • Agents or General Agents
  • Auctioneers
  • Brokers
  • Chancery Court Clerk & Master
  • Commission Merchants
  • Factors
  • General Merchants
  • Merchants
  • Slave Dealers
  • Slave Traders
  • Traders
Involved in capture and transport:
  • Agents or General Agents
  • Captains of ships
  • Clerks
  • Collectors of Customs
  • Crew members
  • Customs Officials
  • Drovers
  • Jailors
  • Justice, Justice of the Peace
  • Masters of ships
  • Notaries
  • Police
  • Sailors
  • Sheriffs and Deputy Sheriffs
  • Shipbuilders
  • Shippers
  • Slave Catchers
  • Slave Hunters
  • Slave Owners
  • Slave Patrol
Profited indirectly from the trade:Financiers and investors: Wealthy individuals, firms, banks, and insurance companies provided the capital to fund slave trading voyages and the expansion of the plantation economyColonial and city tax collectors: The taxes and duties collected on the purchase and sale of enslaved people were used to fund public works projects in port cities like Newport, Rhode Island.Business managers and overseers: These individuals managed the business affairs of plantations, where the agricultural labor of enslaved people was central to the economy.
Many slave traders often sold real estate, personal property, and livestock in addition to enslaved people. Large trading firms also had field agents, whose job it was to go to more remote towns and rural areas, buying up enslaved people for resale elsewhere.
Field agents stood lower in the hierarchy and are generally poorly studied, in part due to lack of records. For example, field agents for Austin Woolfolk "served only a year or two at best and usually on a part-time basis. No fortunes were to be made as local agents." On the other end of the financial spectrum from the agents were the investorsusually wealthy planters like David Burford, John Springs III, and Chief Justice John Marshallwho fronted cash to slave speculators. They did not escort coffles or run auctions themselves, but they did parlay their enslaving expertise into profits. Also, especially in the first quarter of the 19th century, cotton factors, banks, shipping and insurance companies did a great deal of slave trading business as part of what might be called the "vertical integration" of cotton and sugar industries.
Countless slaves were also sold at courthouse auctions by county sheriffs and US marshals to satisfy court judgments, settle estates, and to "cover jail fees". Individuals involved in these sales are not the primary focus of this list. People who dealt in enslaved indigenous persons, such as was the case with slavery in California, are included. Slave smuggling took advantage of international and tribal boundaries to traffic slaves into the US from Spanish North American and Caribbean colonies and across the lands of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muskogee, Seminole, et al., but American-born or naturalized smugglers, indigenous slave traders, and any American buyers of smuggled slaves are included.
Note: Research by Michael Tadman has found that "'core' sources provide only a basic skeleton of a much more substantial trade" in enslaved people throughout the South, with particular deficits in records of:
  • Rural slave trading
  • Already wealthy people who speculated to grow their wealth further
  • All private sales that occurred outside auction houses and negro marts.
This list represents a fraction of the "many hundreds of participants in a cruel and omnipresent" American market.
The following list is organized by surname of the trader or name of the firm, where principals have not been further identified.
Note: Charleston and Charles Town, Virginia are distinct places that later became Charleston, West Virginia, and Charles Town, West Virginia, respectively, and neither is to be confused with Charleston, South Carolina.

A

B

  • Bagby, Thomas, Macon, Georgia.
  • Bagby, William K., Atlanta, Georgia.
  • J. Russell Baker, Charleston, South Carolina
  • Robert M. Balch, Memphis, Tennessee
  • Rice C. Ballard, Richmond
  • Ballard, William
  • Balton or Bolton, Richard
  • Banks, Tom, Richmond and Texas
  • Barnard, E.
  • Barrum, Virginia and Mississippi
  • Bates, Virginia and Mobile, Alabama
  • Beard, George Richard
  • J. A. Beard & May, New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Beard, Joseph A.
  • Beard, Major, New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Beard and Calhoun
  • Bearly & Robert
  • Beasley, Richard Renard
  • Beasley, Robert, Macon, Georgia
  • Bebee, Atlanta, Georgia
  • Behn, George W.
  • Bennett, Samuel, Natchez
  • Bennett & Rhett, Charleston, South Carolina
  • Berry, Daniel, Tennessee and Texas
  • Betts, William, Richmond
  • Betts & Cochran, Richmond
  • Betts & Gregory, Richmond
  • Beverly
  • Beverly, Carter, Virginia
  • William Biggs & Lyman Harding, Natchez, Mississippi
  • Bishop, Richard Chambers
  • Blackman, C. J., Yazoo City, Mississippi
  • Blackwell, John, Maryland and South Carolina
  • Blackwell, Murphy & Ferguson, Forks of the Road, Natchez, Mississippi
  • Blakely, James G.
  • Blakely, Joseph G.
  • Blakely, Virginia
  • Blount & Dawson, Savannah, Georgia
  • Boazman, James W., New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Bolton, Dickens & Co.
  • Booker, John, Virginia and Mississippi
  • Booth, Robert, Richmond, Virginia and Alabama
  • Botts
  • Boudar, Thomas, New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Bowen and Burgess, Virginia
  • Bowers, J. E., Charleston, South Carolina
  • Boyce, Kentucky and Natchez, Mississippi
  • Boyce, Robert
  • Boyce, Hamburg and Charleston, South Carolina
  • Boyd, William L. Jr., Nashville
  • Boyd, Whitworth, and Taylor, Nashville
  • Brown, Tom, Virginia and Mississippi
  • Bush, Edward, Tennessee
  • Bradley, Return, Kentucky and New Orleans
  • Brady, Dr., Hopkinsville, Kentucky
  • Bragg, C. C., Charles Town, Virginia
  • Robert B. "Old Bob" Brashear, Salem, Virginia; Alexandria, Virginia; New Orleans, Louisiana and Louisville, Kentucky.
  • Brenan, Richard
  • Bright, Mississippi
  • Elijah Brittingham, Virginia and New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Thack Brodnax
  • Henry Brooks, Georgia
  • Will Brooks, Virginia and Tennessee
  • John Brown, Tennessee
  • S. N. Brown & Co., Montgomery, Alabama
  • Brown & Taylor, Missouri and Vicksburg, Mississippi
  • Brown & Watson, Montgomery, Alabama
  • Browning, Moore & Co., Richmond, Virginia
  • Bruher, New Orleans, Mississippi
  • Bruin, Joseph, Alexandria, Virginia
  • Bruthing, Alexandria, Virginia. and New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Bryan, Alexander, Savannah, Georgia
  • Bryan, Joseph, Savannah, Georgia
  • Buchanan, Carroll & Co., New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Buck, John L., Natchez, Missississippi.
  • Buddy, J., New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Buford, S. E., Jefferson City, Louisiana.
  • Bugg, Zachariah
  • Bunn, Redmond, Macon, Georgia.
  • Burrows, Willie, Virginia?
  • Busster, Georgia
  • Butler, Samuel W., Natchez, Mississippi

C

  • Caldwell, Joseph, Virginia
  • Campbell, Bernard M., Campbell, Walter L., and relations, Baltimore, Maryland and New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Capers & Heyward, Charleston, South Carolina
  • Carrod, Mr., Mississippi and South Carolina
  • Carter, John and Carter, Jesse, Virginia
  • Cavel, Mr., New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Cavendish, William, New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Chabert, Leon, Louisiana
  • Chrisp, John W., Memphis, Tennessee
  • Clarant or Clavant, Richmond
  • Clark, John, Louisville, Kentucky.
  • Clark, William and Samuel, Virginia and New Orleans
  • Clarke, James, Bayou Sara, Louisiana
  • Clarke, Robert M., Atlanta, Georgia
  • Cobb, Amaziah Georgia
  • Cobb, James G., Alexandria, Virginia.
  • Cocks, John, Point Coupee, Louisiana
  • Coffin, Charles, Boston Massachusetts, 1734 "Just Imported" advertisement for the sale of enslaved children at the Seven Stars Tavern on Ann Street
  • Coffin, George M. Sr., Commission Merchants, Adgers North Wharf, Charleston, South Carolina
  • Coffin & Pringle, George M. Coffin and James R. Pringle, Factors and Commission Merchants, Adgers North Wharf, Charleston, South Carolina
  • Coffin, William, Slave Trader, Louisiana
  • Coffman, Joseph
  • Cohen, Levi and Solomon, Atlanta, Georgia
  • Collier, Edward
  • Lewis A. Collier, Richmond, Virginia and Natchez, Mississippi
  • Conel, Virginia
  • Cook, James, Paris, Tennessee and Mississippi
  • Cooper, J., Natchez-under-the-Hill, Mississippi
  • Cooper, Richard
  • Cotton, John
  • Cotton & Wakefield
  • Couper, John, Virginia
  • Cox, William, Charleston, South Carolina and Aberdeen, Mississippi.
  • Criddle, John, Virginia and Tennessee
  • Creswell, Elihu, New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Crosby, William, Alabama
  • Crow, William, Charles Town, Virginia
  • Cuculla, Seraphin, New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Cummings, Clark, Clarksville, Tennessee
  • Cunnigan, Mecklenburg, Virginia
  • Cureton, John M., South Carolina
  • Currie, David, Richmond

D–F

  • John P. Darg, New Orleans
  • Davis, Petersburg, Va.
  • Ansley Davis, Petersburg, Va.
  • Ben Davis, Virginia
  • Benjamin Davis, Petersburg, Va. and Hamburg, S.C.
  • Bob Davis, Richmond
  • George Davis, New Orleans
  • Hector Davis, Richmond
  • James Davis, North Carolina
  • John B. Davis, Richmond
  • Mark Davis and Benjamin Davis, Richmond and New Orleans
  • R. H. Davis, Virginia
  • Solomon Davis, Richmond
  • W. C. Davis, Louisville, Ky.
  • Davis, Deupree & Co., Richmond
  • Samuel J. Dawson, Natchez, Washington, D.C. and Alabama
  • William C. Dawson, Savannah
  • Anderson Delap, Nelson Delap, and Norman Delap, Memphis
  • Denton and Thornton, Richmond
  • Charles de Gaalon
  • William Deupree, Richmond
  • Louis D. DeSaussure, Charleston
  • Tom Dickens, Tennessee
  • Edd. Dickerson
  • Dickson, New Orleans and Mississippi
  • Dickinson & Hill, Virginia
  • Charles Dickinson, Maryland, Tennessee, and Louisiana
  • C. W. Diggs
  • James B. Diggs
  • Samuel Dillard, Finncastle, Va.
  • Dix, Virginia
  • P. J. Doubourg & Co., Louisiana
  • James Dowell, Virginia
  • Downing & Hughes, Kentucky
  • Droue, North Carolina
  • Dryer
  • James Dunahow
  • William Dunbar, Mississippi
  • Dupree
  • Frank Eallem, Tennessee
  • Eaton, New Orleans
  • Benjamin C. Eaton
  • Simeon G. Eddins and brothers, Fayetteville, Tenn.
  • Alexander N. Edmonds, Memphis
  • R. H. Elam, New Orleans and Forks of the Road, Natchez, Miss.
  • Jim Elerson, Missouri and Arkansas
  • Ellis, Louisiana
  • John Ellis, Fredericksburg, Va.
  • W. Ellis, South Carolina
  • English, North Carolina and Mississippi
  • Joseph Ennells, Pennsylvania
  • Erskine, Richmond
  • Joseph Erwin, John Erwin, Abraham Wright, and Billings, and Joseph Thompson, possibly Samuel Spraggins, Tennessee and Louisiana
  • Ben Farley, New Orleans
  • R. C. Faulkner, Mississippi
  • Dick Featherson, Tennessee and Mississippi
  • William Ferrill, Virginia and Mobile, Ala.
  • James L. Ficklin, Charleston, Va.
  • Hugh Fisher, Louisiana
  • David Fitzpatrick, Vicksburg, Miss.
  • John D. Fondren, Mississippi
  • Samuel R. Fondren, Richmond
  • Ford, Kentucky, Mississippi, and New Orleans
  • Nathan Bedford Forrest, John N. Forrest, Aaron H. Forrest, William H. Forrest, Jesse A. Forrest, and Jeffrey E. Forrest, Memphis, and Grenada and Vicksburg, Miss.
  • John W. Forward
  • Thomas Foster, New Orleans
  • Isaac Franklin, New Orleans
  • James Rawlings Franklin
  • E. Frazer & Co., Port Gibson, Miss.
  • Captain Frazier
  • John Freeman, New Orleans
  • Theophilus Freeman, New Orleans
  • Thomas J. Frisby, New Orleans

G

  • Thomas Norman Gadsden, Charleston
  • Mr. Gaines
  • Galbert, Texas
  • Samuel Galloway III, Maryland
  • Jose Gamden, Texas and Tennessee
  • James Gardner
  • Matthew Garrison, Louisville, Ky.
  • J. C. Gentry, Louisville, Ky.
  • Gibson & Broadfoot, Charleston
  • John M. Gilchrist, Charleston
  • John Gildersleeves, New Bern, N.C.
  • William Gillesbey, North Carolina and Mississippi
  • Alexander Gilliam, Richmond
  • C. E. Girardey & Co., New Orleans
  • Tyre Glen, North Carolina
  • William Glover, Elizabeth City, North Carolina
  • Thomas Golden, Fairfax, Va.
  • Robert Golikely, Richmond and Mississippi
  • Goodbar, Tennessee and Montgomery, Ala.
  • Goodman, Mississippi
  • Gordan or Gordon, Maryland and Mississippi
  • Thomas Goude
  • Grady & Tate, Richmond, Va.
  • James Grant, New Orleans
  • Hinton Graves, Georgia
  • William Green
  • Griffin & Pullum, Natchez, Miss., principals Pierce Griffin, W. A. Pullum, A. Blackwell, F. G. Murphy
  • William H. Griggs, Virginia
  • Lewis K. Grigsby, Natchez, Miss.
  • Spot Grigsbry, Virginia
  • Andrew Grimm
  • W. H. Gwin, St. Louis and Virginia

H

  • Haden, Washington, D.C.
  • Haden, Leon Co., Texas
  • John Hagan and family, South Carolina and New Orleans
  • Hagar, Richmond
  • Henry C. Halcomb, Atlanta, Ga.
  • O. R. Haley, Mississippi
  • Mr. Hall, Norfolk, Va. and Mississippi
  • William W. Hall, Norfolk, Va.
  • Thomas Hanly, Halifax Co., Va.
  • Benjamin Hansford, Natchez
  • Giles Harding, Natchez
  • Jonathan Harding, Sumner Co., Tennessee, and Natchez
  • James B. Hargrove, E. P. Aistrop, & N. A. Mitchell, Lynchburg, Va.
  • G. C. Harness, Potomac River and Natchez
  • William L. Harper, Virginia and Jefferson County, Miss.
  • Harris, Virginia
  • Benjamin J. Harris, Richmond, Va.
  • John Harris, Kentucky and possibly kidnapping in Richmond, Indiana
  • John F. Harris, Natchez
  • Harrison, Washington County, Ky.
  • Hartzell and Douglass, Virginia, and Mobile, Ala.
  • Hatch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
  • C. F. Hatcher, New Orleans
  • J. T. Hatcher, New Orleans
  • E. S. Hawkins, Nashville
  • John Hawkins, Virginia & Robert Hawkins, Mississippi
  • Robert C. Hawkins, Natchez
  • William Hawkins
  • Henry H. Haynes, Nashville
  • James Hearn, South Carolina and Louisiana
  • W. H. Henderson, Atlanta, Ga.
  • William Henderson, Mobile, Ala.
  • Henson, South Carolina and Georgia
  • Ned Herndon, Mississippi
  • Peter Herndon, Monroe Co., Miss.
  • Herring, Vicksburg, Miss.
  • Heway, North Carolina and Alabama
  • Hewlett & Bright, New Orleans
  • James Hibler, South Carolina and Alabama
  • Peter Hickman, near Jonesboro, Tenn.
  • Buck Hicks, Goochland Co., Va. and Alabama
  • Joseph Hicks
  • Byrd Hill, Memphis & William C. Hill, Memphis
  • Charles Hill, Richmond
  • Nathaniel Boush Hill and Charles B. Hill, Richmond
  • Hill & Powell, Memphis
  • G. H. Hitchings, Nashville
  • Samuel N. Hite, New Orleans
  • Hockens, Missouri
  • Holloway, Virginia and Jefferson Co., Miss.
  • Francis Holmes III, Charles Town, Berkely County, South Carolina
  • Edward Home, Alexandria, Va.
  • Judge Houston, Hopkinsville, Ky.
  • Pleas Howard, Virginia
  • Joe Hudson, Virginia and Alabama
  • James Huie, South Carolina and New Orleans
  • James Huie & Robert Huie
  • James Huie and Josiah Huie, Rowan County, North Carolina
  • Bob Huay, North Carolina
  • J. Hull
  • John W. Hundley, Natchez, Miss.
  • Thomas Hundley, Halifax Co. Va. and New Orleans
  • Hunnicut, Virginia
  • William Hunt
  • Alex. Hunter, Natchez
  • Billy Hunter, Virginia and South Carolina
  • John Hunter, Louisville
  • Peter Hunter, near Lynchburg, Va.
  • Pleasant Hunter, Natchez, Miss.
  • Foster Hurst, New Orleans

I–J

  • C. S. Irvine, Greenville District, S.C.
  • O. B. Irvine, Greenville District, S.C.
  • Robert Irwin, Natchez
  • Jackson, Alabama
  • Andrew Jackson, Bruinsburg, Natchez District, Spanish West Florida, and John Hutchings
  • John D. James, Thomas G. James, and David D. James, Nashville, Richmond, Va. and Natchez, Miss.
  • Sam Jenkins, Prince Edward Co., Virginia
  • William Jenkins, Nashville
  • Thomas J. Jennings & Co., Hamburg, S.C.
  • James Jervey, Charleston
  • Johnson & Apperson
  • Richard Johnson & Jesse Meek, Tennessee and Forks of the Road
  • Sherman Johnson, New Orleans
  • Theodore Johnston, New Orleans
  • Leroy Jones, Alexandria, Va.
  • S. S. Jones, De Soto, Miss.
  • Jones & Robinson, Georgia
  • Jones & Slater, Richmond, Va.

K–L

  • George T. Kausler, New Orleans
  • Isreal Keels, King Street, S.C. and Mississippi
  • William H. Kelly, Louisville, Ky.
  • James Kelly, Kentucky
  • James Kemp
  • Benjamin Kendig, New Orleans
  • Bernard Kendig, New Orleans
  • Edward J. Kendrick
  • Henry Kennedy, New Orleans
  • Duncan F. Kenner, New Orleans
  • George Kephart, Maryland, Virginia, District of Columbia
  • Simon Kern, Richmond
  • Jesse Kirby and John Kirby, Virginia and Georgia
  • Moses Kirkpatrick, New Orleans
  • William P. Lacey, Natchez
  • Charles Lamarque, New Orleans
  • John Lane, Virginia and South Carolina
  • Major Lane, New Orleans
  • Tedence Lane, Mississippi
  • Larken Lynch, North Carolina and Virginia
  • Henry Laurens, Charleston, S.C.
  • Bert Leatherwood, Richmond and Mississippi
  • N. M. Lee, Virginia
  • Laferriere Levesque
  • Mr. Leake, Virginia
  • J. & L. T. Levin, Columbia, S.C.
  • Lillard & Slaughter, Mississippi
  • A. Lilly, New Orleans
  • Benjamin Little, Montgomery Little, Chauncey Little & William Little, Memphis and Shelbyville, Tenn.
  • L. Linder, New Orleans
  • Livingston, Hanna & Co., Vicksburg, Miss.
  • William Locket, New Orleans
  • E. Loftin, New Orleans
  • B. F. Logan, Caddo, La.
  • Charles Logan
  • J. and D. Long, Natchez
  • R. W. Long, New Orleans
  • R. W. Long & Mull
  • John Lumpkins, Virginia
  • Robert Lumpkin, Richmond
  • Lumpkin & Jones
  • Lumpkin & Locket
  • Lundy, Rives & Rives, Natchez
  • Robert J. Lyles & George W. Hitching, Nashville and Sumner Co., Tenn.

M, Mc

  • Macklevane, South Carolina
  • Maddock, Tennessee
  • Maffitt, Mississippi
  • John D. Mallory, Virginia and eastern Mississippi
  • Josiah Maples, Memphis
  • Silas Marshall & Bro., Lexington, Ky.
  • John Martin
  • W. B. Martin, New Orleans
  • Masi & Bourk, New Orleans
  • John Mason, Natchez, Miss.
  • Matlock, Texas
  • Mathews, New Orleans
  • James G. Mathews, Louisville, Ky.
  • Thomas E. Matthews, New Orleans
  • Matthews, Branton & Co., Natchez, Miss.
  • John Mattingly, Louisville, Ky. and St. Louis, Mo.
  • Mayer, Jacobe, & Co., Atlanta
  • Michael McBride
  • Thomas McCargo
  • McCerran, Landry & Co., New Orleans
  • McClaine, Virginia
  • Mr. McClinton, Richmond
  • David McDaniel, Virginia and Macon, Ga.
  • H. J. McDaniel, Winchester, Va.
  • McDonald, Virginia and Georgia
  • Alexander McDonald and Hugh McDonald, Charleston
  • Elijah McDowell, Charles Town, Va. and Winchester, Va.
  • William McGee
  • John M. McGehee & Thomas McGehee
  • McLanahan and Bogart, New Orleans
  • A. A. McLean, Nashville
  • J. B. McLendon, Lynchburg, Va.
  • McKeller, Virginia or North Carolina?
  • James McMillin, Kentucky
  • N. A. McNairy, Nashville and Natchez
  • Jesse Meek Jr., Washington, D.C. and Louisiana
  • Joseph Meek, Nashville
  • Meek, Logan, Haynes & Magee, Virginia and Mississippi
  • Mellon, Alexandria, Va.
  • R. H. Melton, Richmond and Louisiana
  • C. A. & I. S. Merrill, Mississippi
  • L. D. Merrimon, also Merrimon & Clinkscales, Greenwood, S.C.
  • William H. Merritt, New Orleans
  • D. Middleton, New Orleans
  • Ladson Mills, North Carolina and Mississippi
  • Miller and Sutler
  • James Miller, Virginia and east Tennessee
  • John Miller, Kentucky and Mississippi
  • R. B. Miller, Hinds Co., Miss.
  • Louis Miller & Co., Natchez, Miss.
  • James S. Moffett, Troy, Tenn.
  • Soloman Moffitt, Port Gibson, Miss.
  • Henry Millier & Co., New Orleans
  • John S. Montmollin, Savannah
  • Benjamin Mordecai
  • Henry E. Moore, Plaquemine, Louisiana
  • James Moore, Virginia and Alabama
  • Peter Moore, Virginia
  • William Moore, Carolinas
  • Moore & Dawson, Richmond
  • James T. Morris, Wilmington, N.C.
  • Arthur Mosely, Virginia and Mississippi
  • J. F. Moses, Lumpkin, Ga.
  • Jean Baptiste Moussier, Richmond and New Orleans
  • Dick Mulhundro, Virginia and Georgia
  • Mullinnac

N–O

  • Thomas Napier, Macon, Ga.
  • William Nedlock, Virginia
  • Nelson & Cobb, South Carolina
  • Isaac Neville, Memphis
  • Julian Neville, New Orleans
  • James Nichols, Halifax County, Va.
  • Jack Nickols, Georgia and Alabama
  • George Nickson, Virginia
  • George Nixon, Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama
  • G. H. Noel, Macon, Ga.
  • George N. Noel, Memphis
  • James G. Noel, Macon, Ga.
  • Joe Norris, Georgia
  • Nowland, Virginia and Georgia
  • Charles Nox, Natchez
  • Nutwell
  • Ziba B. Oakes, Charleston
  • William Oldham, Natchez
  • A. C. Omohundro & Co., Mississippi
  • Silas Omohundro, Richmond
  • A. J. Orr and D. W. Orr, Macon, Ga.
  • Thomas Otey
  • Overly & Saunders, Petersburg, Va.
  • Thomas Overton, Maryland and Louisiana
  • Owens, Natchez
  • Abraham Owens, Halifax County, Va.
  • Owings & Charles, New Orleans

P

  • Page, New Bern, N.C. and New Orleans
  • Tom Pankey
  • John Parks
  • Benjamin Parks
  • Parker, Vicksburg, Miss.
  • Edward A. Parker, Macon, Ga.
  • James Parker, Dinwiddie County, Va.
  • P. Pascal, Natchez
  • Paul Pascal
  • Patton & Mossy, New Orleans
  • Peck, Washington County, Ky.
  • J. C. Peixotto, New Orleans
  • Archibald Perkins, Virginia
  • Peterson, Natchez
  • Henry F. Peterson, New Orleans
  • John Parker Pettiway, New Orleans
  • R. A. Peuyeur, Natchez
  • Peyton, Mason & Co., Mississippi
  • Isaac Phillips
  • John P. Phillips, Natchez
  • W. R. Phillips, Macon, Ga.
  • G. B. Philippe
  • George I. Pitts, Columbus, Ga.
  • John J. Poindexter, New Orleans
  • Thomas B. Poindexter, New Orleans and Mississippi
  • Ponder, Richmond, Va., Florida, and Alabama
  • Ephraim G. Ponder, Thomasville, Ga.
  • Annie Poore, Georgia
  • P. J. Porcher & Baya, Charleston
  • Benjamin Ward Powell, Natchez, Miss., Louisville, Ky. and New Orleans
  • Thomas A. Powell, Louisville, Ky. and Montgomery, Ala. and St. Louis, and New Orleans, and Mississippi
  • John B. Prentis, Virginia
  • Price, Birch & Co., Alexandria, Va., principals J. C. Cook, Charles M. Price, George Kephart, William H. Birch
  • William Price, Cumberland County, Virginia, and Mississippi
  • Pryor
  • William A. Pullum, Lexington, Ky.
  • D. M. Pullium, Richmond, Va.
  • Pullium & Co., Virginia
  • Alexander Puryear
  • R. C. Puryear
  • Alexander Putney, North Carolina and Mississippi

R

  • Reuben Ragland, Petersburg, Va.
  • John Rainey, Richmond, Va. and Louisiana
  • John Rath, Smith Co., Tenn.
  • Bernard Raux, Virginia
  • Dr. Ray, Tennessee and Mississippi
  • R. D. P. Read, Lynchburg, Va.
  • Redford and Kelly, Kentucky
  • Redman, Mississippi and Tennessee
  • Redman, Noxubee County, Mississippi
  • Thomas Redman
  • John Reed, Tennessee and Mississippi
  • Renshaw and Brady, Preston Co., Va.
  • Reynolds, Louisville, Ky.
  • Reynolds, Byrne, & Co., New Orleans
  • Jesse Rice, Virginia
  • Zachariah A. Rice, Atlanta, Ga.
  • Charles Richards, Henry Co., Tenn.
  • John S. Riggs, Charleston
  • Thomas Ringgold IV, Chestertown, Maryland
  • Alfred O. Robards, Kentucky
  • Lewis C. Robards, Lexington, Ky.
  • Robe & Anderson, Alabama
  • Roberson, Maryland and South Carolina
  • Roberson and Garrett, Richmond, Va. and Mississippi
  • George Robertson and John Robertson, Virginia and New Orleans
  • John Robertson, Mississippi and either New Orleans or Mobile
  • Robinson, South Carolina and Georgia
  • John Robinson, Georgia
  • William Rochel, Virginia and Natchez
  • Noah Rollins
  • Richard Rolton
  • Billy Ross, Virginia
  • David Ross, Louisville, Ky.
  • John M. Ross & Co., Clinton, Louisiana
  • Rowan & Harris, Mississippi
  • George Rust Jr.
  • C. M. Rutherford, New Orleans
  • E. M. Rutherford
  • Thomas Ryan, Charleston

S

  • A. J. Salinas, Charleston
  • Bob Sanders, Virginia and New Orleans
  • Sanders & Foster
  • Thomas Sanders, Washington County, Virginia, and Mississippi
  • Jourdan M. Saunders, Warrenton, Va.
  • A. C. Scott, Louisville, Ky.
  • David Scott
  • A. K. Seago, Atlanta, Ga.
  • John Seymour, North Carolina and Georgia
  • J. M. E. Sharp, Columbia, S.C.
  • J. M. F. Sharp, New Orleans
  • J. W. Sharp, New Orleans
  • Lewis N. Shelton
  • Shivers, of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia
  • Lee Shoot, Nashville
  • E. H. Simmons, Virginia and Georgia
  • R. W. Sinclair, Kentucky
  • Henry F. Slatter, Baltimore and New Orleans
  • Shadrack F. Slatter, New Orleans
  • Robert Slaughter, Natchez, Miss.
  • B. D. Smith, Atlanta, Ga.
  • Benjamin Smith, Charleston, S.C.
  • Gardner Smith & Co., New Orleans
  • John B. Smith, New Orleans
  • John W. Smith, Washington, D.C.
  • Thomas Jefferson Smith
  • William David Smith, South Carolina
  • Smithers, Virginia
  • Christopher T. Smithson, Virginia and "the lower country"
  • Solomon, South Carolina
  • Samuel Spears
  • John Springs III, York District, S.C.
  • William Stansberry, Kentucky and Mississippi
  • John Staples, Memphis
  • L. R. Starkes
  • John Stickney, Louisville, Ky.
  • E. H. Stokes, Virginia
  • Mr. Stokes, North Carolina and Mississippi
  • Edward Stone and Howard Stone, Bourbon County, Ky.
  • Samuel Stone, Danville, Va.
  • George Stovall, New Orleans
  • Pleasant Stovall, Augusta, Ga.
  • G. F. Stubbs, Macon, Ga.
  • A. A. Suarez
  • Sutler

T–V

  • John and Philip E. Tabb, Norfolk, Va.
  • Bacon Tait, Virginia
  • Tait & Garland, Virginia and Mississippi
  • Talbot, New Orleans
  • William F. Talbott, Louisville, Ky. and New Orleans
  • James Tarbe, New Orleans
  • Tannehill, New Orleans
  • H. & J. W. Taylor, Clinton, La.
  • Humphrey Taylor, Virginia and Huntsville, Ala.
  • J. T. Taylor, New Orleans
  • John Taylor, Tennessee and South Carolina
  • H. N. Templeman
  • Richard Terrell, Natchez and New Orleans
  • Terry, Virginia
  • Henry Teuker, Virginia and Georgia
  • Harris Tharp
  • Philip Thomas
  • Sidney Thomas, Virginia
  • Thompson, near Nashville, Tennessee
  • Mr. Thompson, Baltimore and the lands of the Cherokee nation
  • Joseph Thompson, Louisiana
  • Thomson, Little Rock, Arkansas
  • John Thornton, South Carolina and Dalton, Ga.
  • Tiernan & Alexander, Natchez
  • Todd
  • John Toler
  • Clement Townsend
  • Townshend & Lewis, Mississippi
  • Thomas P. Trotter
  • N. C. Trowbridge, Augusta, Ga. & Hamburg, S.C.
  • Tom Tucker, Knoxville, Tenn.
  • Thomas Tunno and John Price, Charleston
  • Mr. Turner, Natchez
  • Mr. Turner, Virginia
  • Urley, Mississippi
  • Allen Vance
  • James Vanclevy, Charleston and Texas
  • Vanhook, Tennessee
  • Henry Vanhusen, Mississippi and Texas
  • Vaughan, Virginia
  • Norbert Vignié, New Orleans

W–Y

  • Wadkins, Virginia and Georgia
  • Charles Waley, Potomac River and Natchez
  • Mat Warner, Virginia and Georgia
  • Walker, Virginia and North Carolina
  • Walker, Virginia and Tuscumbia, Ala.
  • Ben Walker
  • Benjamin W. Walker, Jackson, Miss.
  • Samuel Wakefield, Natchez
  • A. Wallace, Memphis
  • J. D. Ware, Memphis
  • Morton Waring, Charleston
  • Warwick, Nashville
  • William Watkins, Atlanta, Ga.
  • William T. Watkins
  • Watley, Richmond and near Auburn, Ala.
  • J. Watson, Louisville, Ky.
  • Richard Watson, Louisville, Ky. and New Orleans
  • Addison Weathers
  • Webb, Merrill & Co., Nashville
  • A. Weisemann, New Orleans
  • Joseph A. Weatherly
  • Thomas C. Weatherly, South Carolina
  • Weatherly, Breden & Bagget, Yazoo City, Miss.
  • Weatherby, Augusta, Ga.
  • Wetherby, Pigsah, Miss.
  • James Whidby
  • Alonzo J. White, Charleston
  • James White, New Orleans
  • John White
  • John R. White, St. Louis and New Orleans
  • Maunsel White & Co., New Orleans
  • Frank Whiterspoon, Missouri and Tennessee
  • Joseph A. Whitaker, Rosehill, N.C.
  • Whitaker & Turner, Atlanta, Ga.
  • Theodore A. Whitney, Charleston
  • Moses J. Wicks, Aberdeen, Miss.
  • Wilbur & Son, Charleston
  • Wilkins, Virginia
  • James P. Wilkinson
  • David Williams and "Docr. flowers"
  • Lewis E. Williams, Campbell Co., Va.
  • Stokely Williams, Richmond
  • Williams & Glover, Nashville
  • Capt. Williamson, Virginia and Selma, Ala.
  • Thomas Taylor Williamson, South Carolina and Louisiana
  • James B. Williamson
  • William Williamson
  • J. M. Wilson, Baltimore and New Orleans
  • Jerry Wilson, Tennessee
  • William Winbush, Virginia
  • Winfield, Mississippi
  • Winston & Dixon, Georgia
  • David Wise, New Orleans
  • William Witherspoon, Memphis
  • Joseph Woods
  • Thomas Woods, North Carolina and Mississippi
  • Seth Woodroof, Lynchburg, Va.
  • John Woolfolk, Natchez, Miss.
  • Joseph B. Woolfolk, Eastern Shore, Maryland, and Natchez
  • Samuel Martin Woolfolk, Baltimore, New Orleans, and Natchez
  • Woolfolk
  • Woolfolks, Sanders & Overley
  • George Wylly, Savannah
  • Mr. Wythe
  • Absolom Yancey
  • Charles Yancey and Jackson Yancey, Norfolk, Va. and Oxford, N.C.
  • Mr. Yeatman, Virginia
  • Charles Young, New Orleans
  • J. Winbush Young, Virginia