Amador County, California

Amador County is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,474. The county seat is Jackson. Amador County, located within California's Gold Country, is known as "The Heart of the Mother Lode." There is a substantial viticulture industry in the county.

History

Amador County was created by the California Legislature on May 11, 1854, from parts of Calaveras and El Dorado counties. It was organized on July 3, 1854. In 1864, part of the county's territory was given to Alpine County.
The county is named for José María Amador, a soldier, rancher, and miner, born in San Francisco in 1794, the son of Sergeant Pedro Amador and younger brother to Sinforosa Amador.
In 1848, Jose Maria Amador, with several Native Americans, established a successful gold mining camp near the present town of Amador City. In Spanish, the word amador means "one who loves". Some of the Mother Lode's most successful gold mines were located in Amador County, including the Kennedy, Argonaut, and Keystone.
During the outbreak of Civil War the county organized Company C, 1st California Infantry and Company D, 4th California Infantry. Not everyone supported the Union; in April 1862 when the stars and stripes flew from a house a local judge cursed at it.There are numerous gold mines in Amador County including the Argonaut Mine, the Kennedy Mine, the Central Eureka, and the Lincoln. The Kennedy Mine in Jackson was the deepest gold mine of its time. The federal government closed all of the Mother Lode's mines in 1942 because they were considered non-essential to the war effort.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in California by land area and second-smallest by total area. Water bodies in the county include Lake Amador, Lake Camanche, Pardee Reservoir, Bear River Reservoir, Silver Lake, Sutter Creek, Cosumnes River, Mokelumne River, and Lake Tabeaud. Thirty-seven miles of the North Fork and main Mokelumne River were added to the California Wild and Scenic Rivers System on June 27, 2018, when Governor Edmund G. "Jerry" Brown signed Senate Bill 854.
Amador County is located approximately southeast of Sacramento in the part of California known as the Mother Lode, or Gold Country in the Sierra Nevada.
Amador County ranges in elevation from approximately in the western portion of the county to over in the eastern portion of the county, the tallest point being Thunder Mountain. The county is bordered on the north by the Cosumnes River and El Dorado County and on the south by the Mokelumne River and Calaveras County, on the west by Sacramento and San Joaquin Counties, and the east by Alpine County.

Adjacent counties

El Dorado County – north
Alpine County – east
Calaveras County – south
San Joaquin County – southwest
Sacramento County – west

National protected area

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 40,474. The median age was 51.6 years. 15.9% of residents were under the age of 18 and 28.4% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 119.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 121.9 males age 18 and over.
There were 15,678 households in the county, of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 24.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
There were 18,805 housing units, of which 16.6% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 75.7% were owner-occupied and 24.3% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2% and the rental vacancy rate was 6.3%.
30.8% of residents lived in urban areas, while 69.2% lived in rural areas.
The racial makeup of the county was 76.8% White, 3.1% Black or African American, 1.9% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.4% Asian, 0.2% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 7.0% from some other race, and 9.6% from two or more races. Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino] residents of any race comprised 14.9% of the population.

Racial and ethnic composition

Race / Ethnicity	Pop 1980	Pop 1990	Pop 2000	Pop 2010	Pop 2020	% 1980	% 1990	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone	17,820	25,129	28,920	30,325	29,725	92.26%	83.65%	82.39%	79.61%	73.44%
Black or African American alone	151	1,670	1,348	938	1,215	0.78%	5.56%	3.84%	2.46%	3.00%
Native American or Alaska Native alone	336	461	538	547	577	1.74%	1.53%	1.53%	1.44%	1.43%
Asian alone	72	200	326	396	554	0.37%	0.67%	0.93%	1.04%	1.37%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone	x	x	29	63	73	x	x	0.08%	0.17%	0.18%
Race and ethnicity in [the United States census\|Other race] alone	18	59	178	130	249	0.09%	0.20%	0.51%	0.34%	0.62%
Mixed race or Multiracial	x	x	635	936	2,067	x	x	1.81%	2.46%	5.11%
Hispanic or Latino	917	2,520	3,126	4,756	6,014	4.75%	8.39%	8.91%	12.49%	14.86%
Total	19,314	30,039	35,100	38,091	40,474	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

2010 census

The 2010 United States census reported that Amador County had a population of 38,091. The racial makeup of Amador County was 33,149 White, 962 American (U.S. census)|African American], 678 Native American, 419 Asian, 77 Pacific Islander, 1,450 from other races, and 1,356 from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4,756 persons.

Place	Type	Total population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	Other races	Two or more races	Hispanic or Latino
Amador County	County	38,091	33,149	962	678	419	77	1,450	1,356	4,756
City, California\|Amador City]	City	185	171	0	4	2	0	2	6	11
Ione	City	7,918	5,826	824	173	110	21	678	286	1,991
Jackson^†	City	4,651	4,090	32	94	60	4	185	186	520
Plymouth	City	1,005	850	3	18	6	2	70	56	183
Sutter Creek	City	2,501	2,272	10	34	65	5	40	75	219
Buckhorn	CDP	2,429	2,259	9	37	25	4	47	48	168
Buena Vista	CDP	429	365	1	23	0	0	12	28	35
Camanche North Shore	CDP	979	860	3	14	12	3	38	49	150
Camanche Village	CDP	847	762	0	9	8	4	31	33	121
Drytown	CDP	167	153	0	0	1	0	2	11	11
Fiddletown	CDP	235	215	0	5	1	0	8	6	22
Kirkwood^‡	CDP	61	59	0	1	1	0	0	0	2
Martell	CDP	282	234	0	14	0	5	14	15	36
Pine Grove	CDP	2,219	2,027	9	36	9	6	49	83	202
Pioneer	CDP	1,094	1,017	0	34	1	2	12	28	52
Red Corral	CDP	1,413	1,259	24	15	12	3	33	67	147
River Pines	CDP	379	324	0	5	4	0	8	38	31
Volcano	CDP	115	109	0	2	2	0	0	2	7
All others not CDPs	Others not CDPs	11,182	10,297	47	160	100	18	221	339	848

^† County seat
^‡ Data for Amador County area of this CDP

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 35,100 people, 12,759 households, and 9,071 families residing in the county. The population density was. There were 15,035 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the county was 85.8% White, 3.9% Black or African American, 1.8% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 5.0% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. 8.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.9% were of German, 12.6% English, 11.7% Irish, 8.8% Italian and 7.3% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 93.1% spoke English and 5.1% Spanish as their first language.
There were 12,759 households, out of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 122.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.4 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $42,280, and the median income for a family was $51,226. Males had a median income of $39,697 versus $28,850 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,412. About 6.1% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.1% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The Shenandoah Valley AVA|Shenandoah Valley] was once the principal viticultural region of California though not as well known as the Napa Valley AVA or Sonoma Valley AVA viticultural regions. With the discovery of gold, the area quickly became a mecca for those trying to make their fortune. In the process numerous wineries sprouted up, many of whose vineyards are still in use by wineries today. The decline of the California Gold Rush coupled with the onset of Prohibition devastated the wine-making region of Amador County. Today this area has been resurrected and is now home to over 40 different wineries. Amador County is known for its Zinfandel, but many other varietals are produced as well. Amador County has a high percentage of old Zinfandel vines. Some of the Zinfandel vineyards in this county are more than 125 years old, including the original Grandpère vineyard, planted with Zinfandel before 1869 and believed to be the oldest Zinfandel vineyard in America. This vineyard is home to some of the oldest Zinfandel vines on earth, with proof of their existence dating to 1869 when it was listed as a descriptor on a deed from the U.S. Geological Survey. A grant deed in Amador County records further proves their existence in 1869.

Politics, government, and policing

County Supervisors

The county is governed by a five-person elected Board of Supervisors and a County Administrator. The county seat is Jackson.

Policing

The unincorporated areas of Amador County are patrolled by the county sheriff's department, which also operates the county jail and protects the courts. Municipal police departments within the county are at Ione, Jackson, and Sutter Creek.

Voter registration statistics

Cities by population and voter registration

City	Population	Registered voters	Democratic	Republican	D–R spread	Other	No party preference
Amador	158	83.5%	34.1%	41.7%	-7.6%	9.8%	18.2%
Ione	7,873	29.0%	27.3%	49.4%	-22.1%	11.4%	16.8%
Jackson	4,626	55.7%	32.3%	42.6%	-10.3%	11.2%	18.4%
Plymouth	1,055	49.4%	30.9%	38.8%	-7.9%	13.2%	22.5%
Sutter Creek	2,497	68.4%	35.9%	41.9%	-6.0%	9.6%	16.7%

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates

City	Population	Violent crimes	Violent crime rate per 1,000 persons	Property crimes	Property crime rate per 1,000 persons
Ione	7,977	10	1.25	109	13.66
Jackson	4,677	38	8.12	136	29.08
Sutter Creek	2,513	7	2.79	62	24.67

Education

There is one school district in Amador County: Amador County Unified School District.
Due to the low population of the area, there are few schools with small class sizes. In total for public schools, there are two high schools, two junior high schools, and six elementary schools. These numbers are in addition to two independent study schools, one charter school, and one continuing education school for adults. There are no colleges or universities within the county's borders.

Transportation

Major highways

Public transportation

provides service in Jackson and nearby communities. Connections to Calaveras County and a daily commuter bus to/from Sacramento leave from the Sutter Hill Transit Center in Sutter Creek.

Airport

is a general aviation airport located near Jackson.

Communities

Cities

Unincorporated communities

In popular culture

"The Luck of Roaring Camp" is a short story by American author Bret Harte. It was first published in the August 1868 issue of the Overland Monthly and helped push Harte to international prominence. Harte lived in this area during his "Gold Rush" period, and possibly based the story in a mining camp on the Mokelumne River.
The Gold Rush rock music festival took place at Lake Amador on October 4, 1969. Performers included Ike & Tina Turner, Santana, Bo Diddley, Albert Collins, and Taj Mahal.
In the 1993 movie Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey, a map of Amador County is shown, as well as many other California counties.