Actinopus
Actinopus is a genus of mygalomorph spiders in the family Actinopodidae. As such, they live in soil-covered burrows with a hinged top. The males wander about in search for females, which stay in their burrow for most of their life.
Taxonomy
The genus was first described by Josef Anton Maximilian Perty in 1833 from the type species Actinopus tarsalis found in Brazil. The genus name comes from Ancient Greek ἀκτίς, meaning "ray, beam", and πούς, meaning "foot", and thus, "ray foot". It is a senior synonym of Aussereria, Closterochilus, Pachyloscelis, and Theragretes.Venom
The few reported bites from Brazil resulted in no symptoms, indicating that they can deliver dry bites or small amounts of venom. However, they should be treated with caution due to some reports of bites causing local pain and muscle contractions. These spiders also have a low venom yield; Actinopus crassipes for example has a mean venom yield of 0.09 mg.Species
, this genus includes one hundred species:Actinopus anselmoi Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus apalai Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus apiacas Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus argenteus Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus ariasi Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus azaghal Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus balcarce Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus bocaina Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus buritiensis Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus candango Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus caraiba – VenezuelaActinopus castelo Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus casuhati Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus caxiuana Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus chilikuti Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2025 – ArgentinaActinopus clavero Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus coboi Ríos-Tamayo, 2019 – UruguayActinopus cochabamba Ríos-Tamayo, 2016 – Peru, BoliviaActinopus concinnus Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – VenezuelaActinopus confusus Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus cordobensis Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus cornelli Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus coylei Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus crassipes – Brazil, Paraguay, ArgentinaActinopus cucutaensis Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia, Venezuela, BrazilActinopus dioi Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus dubiomaculatus Mello-Leitão, 1923 – BrazilActinopus ducke Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus echinus Mello-Leitão, 1949 – BrazilActinopus emas Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus embera Osorio, Sherwood & Quijano-Cuervo, 2025 – ColombiaActinopus excavatus Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus fernandezi Ríos-Tamayo, 2019 – UruguayActinopus fractus Mello-Leitão, 1920 – BrazilActinopus gerschiapelliarum Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – Uruguay, ArgentinaActinopus goloboffi Ríos-Tamayo, 2014 – ArgentinaActinopus guajara Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus harti Pocock, 1895 – TrinidadActinopus harveyi Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus hirsutus Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus indiamuerta Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus insignis – Uruguay, ArgentinaActinopus ipioca Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus itacolomi Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus itapitocai Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus itaqui Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus jaboticatubas Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus jamari Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus laventana Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – Uruguay, ArgentinaActinopus lomalinda Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – Colombia, GuyanaActinopus longipalpis C. L. Koch, 1842 – Paraguay, Uruguay, ArgentinaActinopus lucasae Sherwood & Ríos-Tamayo, 2023 – BoliviaActinopus magnus Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus mairinquensis Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus mesa Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus nattereri – BrazilActinopus nigripes – BrazilActinopus obidos Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus obrerografico Nicoletta, Soresi & Ferretti, 2025 – ArgentinaActinopus osbournei Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus palmar Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus pampa Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus pampulha Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus panguana Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – PeruActinopus parafundulus Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus paraitinga Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus paranensis Mello-Leitão, 1920 – BrazilActinopus patagonia Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus piceus – BrazilActinopus pinhao Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus princeps Chamberlin, 1917 – BrazilActinopus puelche Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – Uruguay, ArgentinaActinopus pusillus Mello-Leitão, 1920 – BrazilActinopus ramirezi Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus reycali Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus reznori Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus robustus – PanamaActinopus rojasi – VenezuelaActinopus rufibarbis Mello-Leitão, 1930 – BrazilActinopus rufipes – BrazilActinopus saraguro Dupérré & Tapia, 2025 – EcuadorActinopus scalops – VenezuelaActinopus septemtrionalis Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus simoi Ríos-Tamayo, 2019 – UruguayActinopus szumikae Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus taragui Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018 – ArgentinaActinopus tarsalis Perty, 1833 – Brazil Actinopus tasneemae Sherwood & Pett, 2022 – ParaguayActinopus tatara Montenegro & Aguilera, 2023 – ChileActinopus tetymapyta Sherwood & Pett, 2022 – ParaguayActinopus trinotatus Mello-Leitão, 1938 – BrazilActinopus tutu Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus urucui Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus uruguayense Ríos-Tamayo, 2019 – UruguayActinopus utinga Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus valencianus – VenezuelaActinopus vilhena Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilActinopus wallacei F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 – BrazilActinopus xenus Chamberlin, 1917 – South America Actinopus xingu Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020 – BrazilFormerly included:
- A. bonneti
- ''A. gracilis''