All-Ireland League (rugby union)
The All-Ireland League, known for sponsorship reasons as the Energia All-Ireland League, is the national league system for the 50 senior rugby union clubs in Ireland, covering both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The league was inaugurated in the 1990–91 season.
Cork Constitution F.C are the only club to have constantly retained their status in Division 1 since 1990/91. All other clubs in the league have experienced relegation.
The league is the second highest level of rugby union in Ireland, as professional teams representing the four provinces of Ireland play in the United Rugby Championship.
Division 1 sides may field no more than two professional players in their matchday sides, and only one may be a forward. Division 2 sides may not field professional players. Foreign professional players may not play in the League.
Cork Constitution, the inaugural winners, are the only club to have retained top division status since the inception of the league.
Format
The League consists of 5 divisions of 10 teams each playing a double round-robin competition using the standard Rugby union bonus points system. The season runs from mid-September until mid-April, with an approximately four-week break in matches from mid-December to early-January. At the completion of the league phase the top 4 teams in Division 1A qualify for the play-off semi-finals, with the two winners meeting in the final.The 10th placed teams in Divisions 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B are relegated to Divisions 1B, 2A, 2B and 2C respectively while the winners of Divisions 1B, 2A, 2B and 2C are promoted up one division. The 9th placed team in Division 1A along with the 2nd to 4th placed teams in Division 1B enter a play-off competition with the winner playing in Division 1A the following season. This same play-off competition also applies to the other divisions.
The 10th placed team in Division 2C are relegated from the league to their respective Provincial qualifying league and are replaced by the winner of the All-Ireland Provincial League Championship. The 9th placed team in Division 2C play the runner-up of the All-Ireland Provincial League Championship with the winner playing in Division 2C the following season.
All-Ireland Provincial League Championship
The All-Ireland Provincial League Championship is contested by the winners of the four provincial qualifying leagues in Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. They are drawn to play in two semi-finals with the winners meeting in the final, where the winner will play in Division 2C of the A.I.L. for the following season. The runner-up plays against the 9th place team in Division 2C and the winner of this play-off will also play in Division 2C of the A.I.L. the following season.History
Prior to 1990, there was no national league in Ireland. Each of the four provincial unions had its own cup and league tournament. In 1991, after almost five years of discussion and consultation with clubs, the All-Ireland League was introduced with two divisions, division 1 with 9 clubs and division 2 with 10 clubs. The AIL was expanded to four divisions in 1993–94, with small variations in the numbers of teams per division in subsequent seasons.In 2000–01 the league was restructured to three divisions, each with 16 teams. After the 1995 introduction of professionalism in rugby union, the IRFU increased the importance of the provinces, which from 2002 participated in the Celtic League as full-time teams rather than ad hoc selections of club players. Therefore, the best Irish players no longer played in the AIL. In 2004 the IRFU proposed scrapping the All-Ireland League and reintroducing a provincial league system in 2005–06 which would act as qualifiers for a curtailed three division AIL structure in the second half of the season, but this model did not receive the support of clubs or rugby pundits. In 2007 the IRFU agreed that the structure of the All-Ireland League would remain as three divisions with 16 clubs each for seasons 2008–09 and 2009–10. In 2009–10, division 1 was split into 1A and 1B with eight teams in each as a trial and then continued in season 2010–11. In 2011–12 division 1A and 1B had 10 clubs each and divisions 2 and 3 were reformatted as divisions 2A and 2B with 16 clubs in each division.
Previous winners
1990/91-1999/00| Season | Title | Champion | Score | Runner-up | Venue | Attendance | Ref |
| 1990–91 | 1st Title | Cork Constitution | 9–3 | Garryowen | † | ||
| 1991–92 | 1st Title | Garryowen | 15–11 | Cork Constitution | |||
| 1992–93 | 1st Title | Young Munster | 17–14 | St Mary's College | |||
| 1993–94 | 2nd Title | Garryowen | 9–3 | Blackrock College RFC | |||
| 1994–95 | 1st Title | Shannon | 16–13 | Instonians | |||
| 1995–96 | 2nd Title | Shannon | 37–12 | Garryowen | |||
| 1996–97 | 3rd Title | Shannon | 28–15 | Old Crescent RFC | |||
| 1997–98 | 4th Title | Shannon | 15–9 | Garryowen | ‡ | ||
| 1998–99 | 2nd Title | Cork Constitution | 11–6 | Garryowen | |||
| 1999–00 | 1st Title | St Mary's College | 25–22 | Lansdowne Rugby Club |
2000/01-2008/09
| Season | Title | Champion | Score | Runner-up | Venue | Attendance | Ref |
| 2000–01 | 1st Title | Dungannon | 46–12 | Cork Constitution | |||
| 2001–02 | 5th Title | Shannon | 21–17 | Cork Constitution | |||
| 2002–03 | 1st Title | Ballymena | 28–18 | Clontarf | |||
| 2003–04 | 6th Title | Shannon | 22–16 | Cork Constitution | |||
| 2004–05 | 7th Title | Shannon | 25–20 | Belfast Harlequins | |||
| 2005–06 | 8th Title | Shannon | 30–3 | Clontarf | |||
| 2006–07 | 3rd Title | Garryowen | 16–15 | Cork Constitution | |||
| 2007–08 | 3rd Title | Cork Constitution | 18–8 | Garryowen | |||
| 2008–09 | 9th Title | Shannon | 19–19 | Clontarf | |||
| 2009–10 | 4th Title | Cork Constitution | 17–10 | St Mary's College |
2010/11-2019/20
2020/21-2029/30
† From season 1990–91 through to 1996–97, the team placing top of Division 1 was crowned AIL League Champion
‡ From season 1997–98, playoffs were introduced which was contested by the top four teams in Division 1 for the title of AIL League Champion; in the semi-finals the top placed team played the 4th placed team and the 2nd placed team the 3rd placed team
§ The title in 2013–14 was decided on final league position; there were no play-offs.
Club statistics
The All-Ireland League has been historically dominated by teams from Limerick who have won 13 out of 32 titles although no team from Limerick has won since 2009. Teams from Munster have won 20 out of 33.| Team | Wins | Runners up | Finals | Winning seasons | Runners up | Last win |
| Shannon | 9 | 0 | 9 | 1994–95, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2008–09 | — | 2008–09 |
| Cork Constitution | 7 | 8 | 15 | 1990–91, 1998–99, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2016–17, 2018–19, 2023–24 | 1991–92, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2015–16, 2017–18, 2024–25 | 2023–24 |
| Clontarf | 4 | 8 | 12 | 2013–14, 2015–16, 2021–22, 2024–25 | 2002–03, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2012–13, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2018–19, 2022–23 | 2024–25 |
| Garryowen | 3 | 5 | 8 | 1991–92, 1993–94, 2006–07 | 1990–91, 1995–96, 1997–98, 1998–99, 2007–08 | 2006–07 |
| Lansdowne | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2012–13, 2014–15, 2017–18 | 1999–00 | 2017–18 |
| St Mary's College | 2 | 3 | 5 | 1999–2000, 2011–12 | 1992–93, 2009–10, 2010–11 | 2011–12 |
| Terenure | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2022–23 | 2021–22, 2023–24 | 2022–23 |
| Old Belvedere | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2010–11 | — | 2010–11 |
| Young Munster | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1992–93 | 2011–12 | 1992–93 |
| Ballymena | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2002–03 | — | 2002–03 |
| Dungannon | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2000–01 | — | 2000–01 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 | — | 2004–05 | - | |
| Blackrock | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | 1993–94 | |
| Instonians | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | 1994–95 | - |
| Ballynahinch RFC | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | 2013–14 |