United States Reports, volume 4
This is a list of cases reported in volume 4 U.S. of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1799 and 1800. Case reports from other tribunals also appear in 4 U.S..
Alexander Dallas and ''Dallas' Reports''
Not all of the cases reported in 4 U.S. are from the United States Supreme Court. Included are decisions from various city, state, and lower federal courts sitting in Philadelphia, dating from the colonial period and the first decade after independence, as well as reports from a state court of Delaware, and the British Privy Council in an appeal from New Hampshire.Alexander J. Dallas, a Philadelphia lawyer and later United States Secretary of the Treasury, had been in the business of reporting local law cases for newspapers and periodicals. When the US Supreme Court sat in Philadelphia from 1791 to 1800, he collected their cases as well, and later began compiling his case reports in a bound volume which he called Reports of cases ruled and adjudged in the courts of Pennsylvania, before and since the Revolution.
When the US Supreme Court along with the rest of the new federal government moved in 1791 from the former capital, New York City, to the nation's temporary capital in Philadelphia, Dallas was appointed the Supreme Court's first unofficial and unpaid Supreme Court Reporter. Dallas continued to collect and publish Pennsylvania and other decisions, adding federal Supreme Court cases to his reports. Dallas published four volumes of decisions during his tenure as Reporter, known as the Dallas Reports.
The Supreme Court moved to the new capital city of Washington D.C. in 1800. Dallas remained in Philadelphia; William Cranch then replaced him as Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Nominative reports
In 1874, the U.S. government created the United States Reports, and retroactively numbered older privately published case reports as part of the new series. As a result, cases appearing in volumes 1–90 of U.S. Reports have dual citation forms; one for the volume number of U.S. Reports, and one for the volume number of the reports named for the relevant reporter of decisions. As such, volumes 1–4 of United States Reports correspond to volumes 1–4 of Dallas' Reports. The dual citation form of, for example, Turner v. Bank of North America is 4 U.S. 8.Courts in 4 U.S. (4 Dall.)
The cases reported in 4 U.S. come from a miscellany of tribunals in the United States and Britain: the Supreme Court of the United States; the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania ; the Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals ; the Delaware Court of Errors and Appeals ; the Mayor's Court of Philadelphia; the United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania ; the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of 4 U.S. (4 Dall.)
The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court...". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six. Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices.When the cases in 4 U.S. were decided, the Court comprised six of the following seven justices at one time:
| Portrait | Justice | Office | Home State | Succeeded | Date confirmed by the Senate | Tenure on Supreme Court |
| Oliver Ellsworth | Chief Justice | Connecticut | John Rutledge | – December 15, 1800 | ||
| William Cushing | Associate Justice | Massachusetts | original seat when the Court was established | – September 13, 1810 | ||
| James Iredell | Associate Justice | North Carolina | original seat when the Court was established | – October 20, 1799 | ||
| William Paterson | Associate Justice | New Jersey | Thomas Johnson | – September 8, 1806 | ||
| Samuel Chase | Associate Justice | Maryland | John Blair, Jr. | – June 19, 1811 | ||
| Bushrod Washington | Associate Justice | Virginia | James Wilson | – November 26, 1829 | ||
| Alfred Moore | Associate Justice | North Carolina | James Iredell | – January 26, 1804 |
Notable case in 4 U.S. (4 Dall.)
''New York v. Connecticut''
New York v. Connecticut, , is a 1799 case in the Supreme Court of the United States between the State of New York and the State of Connecticut. The case was the first in which the Supreme Court exercised its original jurisdiction under Article III of the United States Constitution to hear controversies between two states.Citation style
Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction. There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.
- "C.C.D." = United States Circuit Court for the District of...
- * e.g.,"C.C.D.N.J." = United States Circuit Court for the District of New Jersey
- "D." = United States District Court for the District of...
- * e.g.,"D. Mass." = United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
- "E." = Eastern; "M." = Middle; "N." = Northern; "S." = Southern; "W." = Western
- * e.g.,"C.C.S.D.N.Y." = United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York
- * e.g.,"M.D. Ala." = United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
- "Ct. Cl." = United States Court of Claims
- The abbreviation of a state's name alone indicates the highest appellate court in that state's judiciary at the time.
- * e.g.,"Pa." = Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
- * e.g.,"Me." = Supreme Judicial Court of Maine
List of cases in 4 U.S. (4 Dall.)
Cases of the Supreme Court of the United States
| Case Name | Page & year | Opinion of the Court | Concurring opinion | Dissenting opinion | Lower court | Disposition |
| New York v. Connecticut | Ellsworth | none | none | original | injunction upheld | |
| Hazlehurst v. United States | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D.S.C. | non prosequitur | |
| Turner v. Enrille | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D.S.C. | reversed | |
| Turner v. Bank of N. Am. | Ellsworth | none | none | C.C.D.S.C. | reversed | |
| Mossman v. Higginson | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D. Ga. | writ of error quashed | |
| Cooper v. Telfair | seriatim: Washington, Chase, Paterson, Cushing | none | none | C.C.D. Ga. | affirmed | |
| Williamson v. Kincaid | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D. Ga. | certification | |
| Rutherford v. Fisher | per curiam, and Chase | none | none | C.C.D.N.J. | writ of error quashed | |
| Blair v. Miller | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D. Va. | writ of error quashed | |
| Course v. Stead | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D. Ga. | reversed | |
| Blaine v. Ship Clarles Carter | per curiam | none | none | C.C.D. Va. | dismissed | |
| Priestman v. United States | per curiam, and Chase | none | none | C.C.D. Pa. | affirmed | |
| Talbot v. Ship Amelia | John Marshall | none | none | C.C.D.N.Y. | multiple | |
| Bas v. Tingy | seriatim: Moore, Washington, Paterson | none | none | C.C.D. Pa. | affirmed |
Cases of other tribunals
| Case | Page and year | Court |
| Ludlow v. Bingham | Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Johnson v. Haines's Lessee | Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Ewing v. Houston | Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Livezey v. Gorgas | Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Burd v. Smith | Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Lea v. Yard | Pennsylvania High Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Geyer's Lessee v. Irwin | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Carson v. Hood's Executors | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Donaldson v. Means | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Little v. Dawson | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bradley's Lessee v. Bradley | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Smith v. Brodhead's Executors | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Dillon | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Morris's Lessee v. Smith | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Calhoun's Lessee v. Dunning | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Gander's Lessee v. Burns | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Massey v. Leaming | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Vaughan v. Blanchard | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Biron | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bank of North America v. Pettit | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Stansbury v. Marks | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Conrad v. Conrad | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Edgar's Lessee v. Robinson | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Zantzinger v. Ketch | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Eddowes v. Niell | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Schenkhouse v. Gibbs | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| McEwen v. Gibbs | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Boyd's Lessee v. Cowan | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Chambre | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Respublica v. Bob | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Anonymous | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Holloback v. Van Buskink | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Graham v. Bickham | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Febeiger's Lessee v. Craighead | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bank of North America v. Wycoff | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bell v. Andrews | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Stroud v. Lockart | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Seagrove v. Redman | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Nicholson's Lessee v. Wallis | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Keppele v. Carr | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| McClay v. Hanna | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Ewalt's Lessee v. Highlands | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Ball v. Dennison | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Levy v. Wallis | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pemberton's Lessee v. Hicks | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Kesselman's Lessee v. Old | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Coxe | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Reed v. Ingraham | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Jackson v. Winchester | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bussy v. Donaldson | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Waters' Executors v. McClellan | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Morris's Lessee v. Neighman | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bell's Lessee v. Levers | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Fitch | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Beissell v. Sholl | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Chancellor v. Phillips | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Sharp v. Pettit | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Anonymous | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Freeman v. Ruston | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Hepburn's Lessee v. Levy | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Weitzell's Lessee v. Fry | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| McLaughlin's Lessee v. Dawson | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pollock v. Hall | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Mather v. Pratt | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Addison | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Wainwright v. Crawford | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Austyn v. M'Lure | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Dallas | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Falconer v. Montgomery | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Levy v. Bank of the United States | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Attorney General v. Grantees | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Jones v. Insurance Company of North America | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Cochran v. Cummings | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Fitzgerald v. Caldwell's Executors | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Gibbs | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Franklin | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| City of Philadelphia v. Mason | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Black v. Wistar | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Mitchell v. Smith | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Passmore v. Pettit | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bell v. Beveridge | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Kingston v. Girard | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| McFadden v. Parker | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Sharpless v. Welsh | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Baynton | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Williams v. Paschall | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Watson v. Insurance Company | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Crawford v. Willing | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Cramond v. Bank of the United States | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| McCulloch v. Young | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. McKissick | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Crousillat v. Ball | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Maybin v. Coulon | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Deshler v. Beery | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Lyon | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Matlack | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Rundle v. Murgatroyd's Assignees | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Duncanson v. McLure | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Pennsylvania v. Franklin | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Welsh v. Murray | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Dupont v. Pichon | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Searight v. Calbraith | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Smythe v. Banks | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Maxfield's Lessee v. Levy | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| O'Hara v. Hall | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| United States v. Cooper | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Murgatroyd v. McLure | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Evans v. Bollen | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Hollingsworth v. Fry | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Thurston v. Koch | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Hollingsworth v. Duane | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Hurst's Lessee v. Jones | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Penn v. Butler | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| United States v. Conyngham | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Knox v. Greenleaf | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Balfour's Lessee v. Meade | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Humphries v. Blight's Assignees | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| United States v. Passmore | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Willing v. United States | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Hurst's Case | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Walker v. Smith | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Huidekoper's Lessee v. Douglass | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Penn's Lessee v. Klyne | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Gupp v. Brown | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| United States v. Johns | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Symonds v. Union Insurance | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Conframp v. Bunel | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Russell ex rel. Crucet v. Union Insurance | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| United States v. McGill | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Snell v. Delaware Insurance | United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania | |
| Lyle v. Baker | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Ozeas v. Johnson | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Bender v. Fromberger | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Dutilh v. Gatliff | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Moliere's Lessee v. Noe | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Morgan v. Insurance Company of North America | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Sansom v. Ball | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| Donath v. Insurance Company of North America | Supreme Court of Pennsylvania | |
| W.B. v. Latimer | Delaware Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Robinson v. Lessee of Adams | Delaware Court of Errors and Appeals | |
| Deering v. Parker | Privy Council of the United Kingdom | |
| Pennsylvania v. Schaffer | Philadelphia Mayor's Court |