421 BC
Year 421 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Vibulanus and Barbatus. The denomination 421 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Greece
- Nicias, the leader of the aristocratic and peace party in Athens and Pleistoanax, King of Sparta, negotiate the Peace of Nicias between Athens and Sparta, which brings a temporary end to the Peloponnesian War. The essence of the Peace of Nicias is a return to the antebellum period with most wartime gains being returned. Seventeen representatives from each side swear an oath to uphold the treaty, which is meant to last for one generation. All of Sparta's allies agree to sign the peace except for the Boeotians, Corinth, Elis, and Megara.
- Alcibiades engineers an anti-Spartan alliance between Athens and the democracies of Argos, Mantinea and Elis.
Italy
- The city of Cumae, the most northerly of the Greek colonies in Italy, falls to the Samnites.
By topic
Art
- The construction of the Porch of the Maidens commences at the Erechtheion which is part of the Acropolis in Athens.
Drama
- Aristophanes' play Peace is performed.
Births
Deaths
- Cratinus, Greek comedy author