1980 in the Soviet Union
The following lists events that happened during 1980 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Incumbents
- General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union: Leonid Brezhnev
- Premier of the Soviet Union: Alexei Kosygin, Nikolai Tikhonov
Events
- 19 July–3 August – The Olympics take place in Moscow.
- Soviet–Afghan War
Births
- 20 February – Zurab Yevloyev, former Russian professional football player
- 4 May – Mikhail Tsvetkov, Russian high jumper
- 12 June – Denys Monastyrsky, Ukrainian politician
- 22 June – Ilya Bryzgalov, former Russian ice hockey player
- 20 September – Vladimir Karpets, Russian cyclist
Deaths
- January 26 — Justas Paleckis, 1st Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR
- March 1 — Daniil Khrabrovitsky, screenwriter and film director
- March 4 — Vakhtang Ananyan, writer and journalist
- March 9 — Nikolay Bogolyubov, actor
- March 11 — Mikhail Kaufman, cinematographer and photographer
- April 11 — Yakov Zarobyan, 10th First Secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia
- April 21
- *Kirill Ilyashenko, 3rd Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldovian SSR
- *Alexander Oparin, biochemist
- June 3 — Naum Akhiezer, mathematics
- June 23 — Vadim Berezinskii, physicist
- June 29 — Filipp Agaltsov, Soviet Air Force marshal of aviation
- July 14 — Felix Berezin, mathematician and physicist
- July 17 — Boris Delaunay, mathematician
- July 20 — Lado Gudiashvili, painter
- July 25 — Vladimir Vysotsky, singer-songwriter, poet and actor
- August 8 — Oleg Kononenko, member of cosmonaut group LII-1
- October 2 — Valentin Varlamov, jet pilot
- October 4 — Pyotr Masherov, 20th First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia
- October 15 — Mikhail Lavrentyev, mathematician and hydrodynamicist
- November 12 — Andrei Amalrik, writer and dissident
- November 20 — Avtandil Gogoberidze, football player
- December 4 — Sultan Ibraimov, 4th Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR
- December 18 — Alexei Kosygin, 8th Premier of the Soviet Union