1975 in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1975 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

April 5 — The Soviet crewed space mission ends in failure during its ascent into orbit when a critical malfunction occurs in the second and third stages of the booster rocket during staging at an altitude of 192 km, resulting in the cosmonauts and their Soyuz spacecraft having to be ripped free from the vehicle. Both cosmonauts survive.
April 23 — The Soviet Union announced that they will back Israel if they were to withdraw from occupied Arab territories.
May 9 — The 1975 Moscow Victory Day Parade is held to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the defeat of Nazi Germany.
June 15 — The 1975 Estonian Supreme Soviet election is held in the Estonian SSR.
July 17 — Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: A crewed American Apollo spacecraft and the crewed Soviet Soyuz spacecraft for the Soyuz 19 mission dock in orbit, marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the 2 nations.
August 1 — The Helsinki Accords is signed in an attempt to improve the détente between the Eastern Bloc and the West.
August 6 — The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet unanimously approved the Helsinki Accords, and a resolution praying "that all countries represented at the conference will live up to the agreements reached. As to the Soviet Union, it will act precisely in this way."