1968 in the United Kingdom

Events from the year 1968 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch – Elizabeth II
Prime Minister – Harold Wilson

Events

January

January – The Ford Escort car is introduced to replace the Anglia.
1 January – Cecil Day-Lewis is announced as the new Poet Laureate, in succession to John Masefield.
5 January – Gardeners' World debuts on BBC1 television, featuring Percy Thrower.
8 January – Prime Minister Harold Wilson endorses the 'I'm Backing Britain' campaign, encouraging workers to work extra time without pay or take other actions to help competitiveness, which is spreading across the United Kingdom.
11 January–4 February – Hull triple trawler tragedy: three fishing trawlers from the port of Hull sink in separate incidents, killing 58 crew with just one survivor and leading to major changes to safety practice in the industry.
16 January – Prime Minister Wilson announces that the Civil Defence Corps is being stood down.

February

4 February – 96 Indians and Pakistanis arrive in the United Kingdom from Kenya. Some 1,500 Asians have now arrived in the UK from Kenya, where they have been forced out by increasingly draconian immigration laws.
6–18 February – Great Britain and Northern Ireland compete at the Winter Olympics in Grenoble, France, but do not win any medals.
14 February
* Northampton, the county town of Northamptonshire, is designated as a new town, with the Labour Government hoping to double its size and population by 1980.
* Constitutional law case of Padfield v Minister of Agriculture is decided in the House of Lords, determining that a minister's discretion to refuse an investigation is subject to [Judicial review in Football in England|English law|judicial review] where a refusal would frustrate the policy of an Act.
15 February – The Royal Navy makes the first test firing of a Polaris nuclear ballistic missile, from the submarine HMS Resolution.
24 February – Announcement of the first discovery of a pulsar by astronomer Jocelyn Bell Burnell working with Antony Hewish at the University of Cambridge.
26 February – Shelton Hospital fire: a fire at Shelton Mental Hospital, Shrewsbury, kills 21 patients.

March

1 March
* Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968 further reduces right of entry for citizens from the British Commonwealth to the UK.
* First performance of an Andrew Lloyd Webber–Tim Rice musical, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat in its original form as a "pop cantata", by pupils of Colet Court preparatory school in Hammersmith.
2 March – Coal mining in the Black Country, which played a big part in the Industrial Revolution, ends after some 300 years with the closure of Baggeridge Colliery near Sedgley.
12 March – The island of Mauritius achieves independence from the UK.
14 March – The London Gold Pool will be closed from tomorrow as agreed late this evening by the U.K. government at the request of the United States and to stem the losses being suffered by the pound sterling.
15 March – In the early hours, the Prime Minister convenes a meeting of the privy council to declare today a non-statutory bank holiday, allowing the government to help stabilise the financial markets. George Brown, the Foreign Secretary, apparently drunk, is absent from meetings to discuss the crisis and is forced to resign from the government.
17 March – A demonstration in London's Grosvenor Square against U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War leads to violence – 91 police injured, 200 demonstrators arrested.
28 March – The Conservatives gain three seats from Labour in by-elections at Acton, Dudley and Meriden. The Acton by-election sees the first electoral appearance of the far-right National Front.

April

1 April – Thames Valley Police is formed by the amalgamation of Berkshire Constabulary, Buckinghamshire Constabulary, Oxford City Police, Oxfordshire Constabulary and Reading Borough Police.
6 April – The 13th Eurovision Song Contest is held in the Royal Albert Hall, London. The winning song, Spain's "La, la, la" is performed in Spanish by Massiel after Spanish authorities forbid Joan Manuel Serrat from performing it in Catalan. The UK finish in second place, just one point behind, with the song "Congratulations" sung by Cliff Richard, which goes on to outsell the winning Spanish entry throughout Europe.
7 April – Motor racing world champion Jim Clark, 32, is killed when his car leaves the track at 170 mph and smashes into a tree during a Formula 2 race at Hockenheim.
11 April – Popularity of Harold Wilson's Labour government is shown to be declining as opinion polls show the Conservatives, led by Edward Heath, with a lead of more than 20 points.
18 April – London Bridge sold to American entrepreneur Robert P. McCulloch, for £1,029,000, who rebuilds it at Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
20 April – Enoch Powell makes his controversial Rivers of Blood Speech on immigration, in Birmingham.
21 April – Enoch Powell is dismissed from the Shadow cabinet by Opposition leader Edward Heath due to the Rivers of Blood Speech, despite several opinion polls stating that the majority of the public shares Mr Powell's fears.
23 April – Five and ten pence coins are introduced in the run-up to Decimalisation, which will be complete within the next three years.
27 April – The Abortion Act 1967 comes into effect, legalising abortion on a number of grounds, with free provision through the National Health Service.

May

1 May – RAF Strike Command is created within the Royal Air Force by consolidation of RAF Bomber Command and RAF Fighter Command.
3 May – Mr. Frederick West becomes the United Kingdom's first heart transplant patient, in London.
8 May
* The Kray Twins, 34-year-old Ronnie and Reggie, are among 18 men arrested in dawn raids across London. They stand accused of a series of crimes including murder, fraud, blackmail and assault. Their 41-year-old brother Charlie Kray is one of the other 16 men under arrest.
* A possible coup against Harold Wilson is suggested in a meeting arranged by newspaper publisher Cecil Harmsworth King with Lord Mountbatten: King enquires whether Mountbatten would take over government in the event of civil disorder but is rebuffed.
11 May – Manchester City win the Football League First Division title.
16 May – Ronan Point tower block in the east London Borough of Newham collapses after a gas explosion, killing four occupants.
18 May – West Bromwich Albion win the FA Cup for the fifth time, with Jeff Astle scoring the only goal of the game against Everton at the Wembley Stadium.
22 May – The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland permits the ordination of women as ministers.
29 May – Manchester United become the first English winners of the European Cup after beating Benfica 4–1 in extra time at Wembley Stadium.
May – The National Liberal Party is wholly assimilated into the Conservative Party.

June

7 June – Start of Ford sewing machinists strike at the Dagenham assembly plant: women workers strike to have their work valued as 'skilled' rather than 'unskilled'. The machinists feel that they are skilled as they have had to pass a test to gain employment making car seats. They do not achieve full wage parity but are given 92% of the men's rate rather than 85%. This influences the Equal Pay Act 1970.
8 June – James Earl Ray, who was responsible for the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in the United States on 4 April and has been living in London for a month, is arrested at Heathrow Airport when he attempts to depart on a flight bound for Brussels en route to seek a mercenary position in Africa.
10 June – The National Health Service reintroduces prescription charges.
18 June – The United Kingdom's first heart transplant patient, Frederick West, dies 46 days after his operation.
20 June – Austin Currie, Member of Parliament at Stormont in Northern Ireland, along with others, squats a house in Caledon to protest against discrimination in housing allocations.
29 June – The Keighley & Worth Valley Railway runs its "Re-Opening Special", the first public service since the line's closure in 1961 on what becomes a popular heritage railway.

July

July – Cotton trading at the Royal Exchange, Manchester, ceases.
1–2 July – July 1968 England and Wales dust fall storms.
4 July – Alec Rose returns to Southsea from a 354-day single-handed round-the-world trip for which he receives a knighthood the following day.
10 July – Floods in South West England.
17 July – The Beatles animated film Yellow Submarine is premiered in London.
26 July – Theft Act 1968 passed, simplifying offences relating to property crime and abolishing the offence of larceny.
30 July – Thames Television starts transmission in London.
31 July – BBC television sitcom Dad's Army is broadcast for the first time in the UK.

August

8 August – Royal Navy frigate is launched at Devonport, the last ship to be built in a Royal Dockyard.
11 August – British Rail's last steam train service runs on the standard gauge: steam locomotives make the return passenger journey from Liverpool to Carlisle before being dispatched to the scrapyard or preservation.
31 August – First Isle of Wight Festival is held.

September

September
* The new school year in England sees the first local authorities adopt three tier education, where 5–7 infant, 7–11 junior schools are replaced by 5–8 or 5–9 first schools and 8–12 or 9–13 middle schools, with the transfer age to grammar and secondary modern schools being increased to 12 or 13.
* Japanese carmaker Nissan launches its Datsun badged range of cars onto the British market.
8 September – English tennis player Virginia Wade wins the 1968 U.S. Open Women's Singles event.
13 September – An agreement for merger between the General Electric Company and English Electric, the largest industrial merger in the UK up to that time.
15 September – Great Flood of 1968 in South East England.
16 September – General Post Office divides post into first-class and second-class services.
26 September – Theatres Act 1968 ends censorship of the theatre.
27 September – US musical Hair opens in London following the removal of theatre censorship.

October

October – The M1 motorway is completed when the final 35-mile section opens between Rotherham and Leeds.
2 October
* A woman from Birmingham gives birth to the first recorded instance of live sextuplets in the UK; 5 survive.
* The Sound of Music soundtrack album exceeds 2 million sales in the UK, meaning that one in four homes with a record player has the recording.
5 October – A civil rights march in Derry, Northern Ireland, which includes several Stormont and British MPs, is batoned off the streets by the Royal Ulster Constabulary.
6 October – British racing drivers Jackie Stewart, Graham Hill and John Surtees take the first three places at the United States Grand Prix.
8 October – Enoch Powell warns that immigrants "may change the character" of England.
12–27 October – Great Britain and Northern Ireland compete at the Olympics in Mexico City and win 5 gold, 5 silver and 3 bronze medals.
13 October – The rebuilt Euston railway station opens.
18 October – National Giro opens for business through the General Post Office, with administrative headquarters at Bootle.
27 October – Police and protestors clash at an anti-Vietnam War protest outside the Embassy of the United States in London.
31 October – Alan Bennett's play Forty Years On premieres at the Apollo Theatre in the West End.

November

18 November – James Watt Street fire: a warehouse fire in Glasgow kills 22 people.
21 November – The Cyril Lord carpet business goes into receivership.
22 November – The Beatles and The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society are released.
26 November – The Race Relations Act is passed, making it illegal to refuse housing, employment or public services to people in England, Wales and Scotland because of their ethnic background.
29 November – Dawley New Town Amendment Order extends the boundaries of Dawley New Town in Shropshire and renames it Telford.
30 November – The Trade Descriptions Act comes into force, preventing shops and traders from describing goods in a misleading way.

December

11 December – The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus is filmed.
17 December
* Mary Bell, an eleven-year-old girl from Newcastle upon Tyne, is sentenced to life detention for the manslaughter of two small boys.
* Official opening of first phase of the Royal Mint's new Llantrisant plant in South Wales.
Late December – Cases of Hong Kong flu, sporadic since summer in the UK, begin to rise. Over the coming year the pandemic will kill approximately 80,000.

Full date unknown

BackCare medical research charity is founded.

Publications

Agatha Christie's novel By the Pricking of My Thumbs.
Arthur C. Clarke's novel 2001: A Space Odyssey.
Lawrence Durrell's novel Tunc, first of The Revolt of Aphrodite pair.
Paul Scott's novel The Day of the Scorpion, second of the Raj Quartet.
John Wyndham's novel Chocky.

Births

January – March

8 January – James Brokenshire, British Conservative politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
12 January – Heather Mills, British model, businesswoman and campaigner, wife of Sir Paul McCartney 2002–8
16 January – Atticus Ross, English musician, songwriter, record producer and audio engineer
27 January
*Matthew d'Ancona, British journalist, editor of The Spectator
*Tricky, English rapper and musician
5 February – Lee Martin, footballer
16 February – Warren Ellis, British comic-book and graphic-novel writer
2 March – Daniel Craig, British actor
3 March – Brian Cox, English particle physicist, science communicator and rock keyboardist
4 March
* Patsy Kensit, English actress
* Christina McKelvie, Scottish politician and social worker
5 March – Theresa Villiers, British Conservative politician and MP for Chipping Barnet
9 March – Maggie Aderin-Pocock, British scientist and science educator
13 March – Gillian Keegan, Conservative politician
16 March – David MacMillan, Scottish-born organic chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
18 March – Paul Marsden, British Labour/Liberal Democrat politician
20 March – Paul Merson, English footballer
21 March
* Jaye Davidson, British actor
* Gary Walsh, English footballer
23 March
* Damon Albarn, English musician
* Mike Atherton, English cricketer
26 March – Chris Ward, British chess grandmaster, coach and author
28 March – Nasser Hussain, English cricketer

April – June

5 April – Stewart Lee, comedian
8 April – Jenny Powell, British television presenter
18 April – David Hewlett, British-born Canadian actor, writer and director
22 April – Amanda Mealing, British actress
23 April – Ricky Groves, English actor
28 April – Howard Donald, singer
4 May – Julian Barratt, English comedian and actor
8 May – Rachel Jordan, British artist
9 May – Ruth Kelly, British Labour politician, Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government 2006–7 and MP for Bolton West 1997–2010
10 May – William Regal, professional wrestler
12 May – Catherine Tate, comedian
14 May – Greg Davies, comedian
16 May – Stephen Mangan, actor
17 May – Levi Bellfield, né Rabbetts, serial killer
27 May
* Rebekah Brooks, journalist, editor of The Sun
* Ekow Eshun, arts journalist and administrator
29 May
* Torquhil Ian Campbell, 13th Duke of Argyll, Scottish peer
* Jessica Morden, British Labour politician and MP for Newport East
2 June
* Jon Culshaw, English comedian and impressionist
* Mike Dean, football referee
4 June – Ian Taylor, footballer
5 June
* Mel Giedroyc, actress and comedian
* Edward Vaizey, British Conservative politician and MP for Wantage
7 June – Sarah Parish, English actress
13 June
* David Gray, British folk rock singer-songwriter
* Marcel Theroux, British novelist and broadcaster, son of American writer Paul Theroux
15 June – Samira Ahmed, journalist and broadcaster
26 June – Iwan Roberts, Welsh footballer
28 June – Adam Woodyatt, British actor

July – September

5 July – Moazzam Begg, British Islamist held in extrajudicial detention in the US Guantanamo Bay detainment camp
20 July – Julian Rhind-Tutt, English film, television and radio actor
21 July – Gary O'Donnell, Scottish soldier
22 July – Rhys Ifans, Welsh actor
26 July – Olivia Williams, English actress
27 July – Carl Sargeant, Welsh politician
4 August – Lee Mack, English comedian
5 August – Colin McRae, Scottish rally driver
8 August – Julian Dicks, English footballer
14 August
* Darren Clarke, Northern Irish golfer
* Jane Couch, boxer
* Adrian Lester, British actor
15 August – Kate Osamor, Labour Party politician
17 August – Helen McCrory, English actress
22 August – Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian-born business executive
26 August – Chris Boardman, English racing cyclist
September – Angela Hartnett, chef
3 September – Achilleas Kallakis, fraudster
9 September
* Anas Altikriti, British anti-war activist
* Julia Sawalha, English actress
14 September – Grant Shapps, British Conservative politician and MP for Welwyn Hatfield
20 September – Philippa Forrester, British television presenter
28 September – Naomi Watts, English-born actress
29 September – Luke and Matt Goss, twin brother singers, members of Bros

October – December

1 October – Mark Durden-Smith, British television presenter
2 October – Victoria Derbyshire, British broadcast presenter
3 October – Paul Crichton, English footballer
4 October – Beverley Allitt, British serial killer of children
7 October – Thom Yorke, British singer/songwriter
10 October – Chris Ofili, English painter
14 October
* Matthew Le Tissier, English footballer
* Roger Moorhouse, British historian and author
18 October – Rhod Gilbert, Welsh comedian and broadcaster
27 October – Martin Clark, English snooker player
10 November – Steve Brookstein, British singer
18 November – Barry Hunter, Northern Irish footballer and football manager
22 November – Andrew Gilligan, British journalist
23 November – Kirsty Young, Scottish radio and television presenter
9 December – Sharon Graham, British trade unionist
18 December – James Miller, Welsh film-maker
20 December – Phil Andrews, British race car driver
23 December – Siôn Simon, British Labour politician and MP for Birmingham Erdington
28 December – Pauline Robertson, Scottish field hockey player

Unknown dates

Sonita Alleyne, Barbados-born media production company executive and college principal
Julian Baggini, philosopher
Andrew O'Hagan, Scottish writer and novelist

Deaths

January – March

27 January – Maxwell Knight, spymaster and naturalist
6 February – Gomer Berry, 1st Viscount Kemsley, Welsh journalist
17 February – Sir Donald Wolfit, actor-manager
20 February – Anthony Asquith, director and writer

April – June

7 April – Jim Clark, Scottish race car driver, racetrack accident in Germany
19 April – Ronald Urquhart, general
3 May – Ness Edwards, Welsh politician
7 May – Mike Spence, English race car driver, racetrack accident
11 May – Frederick Bellenger, English politician, Secretary of State for War
29 May – Sir Stewart Menzies, chief of the British Secret Intelligence Service
21 June – Captain W. E. Johns, aviator and writer, creator of Biggles
24 June – Tony Hancock, English comedian, suicide in Australia

July – September

9 July – Sir Alexander Cadogan, diplomat
13 July – R. J. Yeatman, humorist
16 July – William Evans, Welsh-language poet
23 July – Henry Hallett Dale, English scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
19 August – George Gamow, Ukrainian-born physicist
27 August – Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent
11 September – Tommy Armour, Scottish golfer
16 September – George Cholmondeley, 5th Marquess of Cholmondeley, Lord Great Chamberlain
29 September – Paul Radmilovic, Welsh-born competitive swimmer, 4-times Olympic gold medal winner

October – December

13 October – Stanley Unwin, publisher
20 October – Bud Flanagan, comedian and singer
17 November – Mervyn Peake, writer and illustrator
28 November – Enid Blyton, children's writer
14 December – David James Jones, Welsh-language poet