| Category | Field of Study | Fellow | Institution | Research topic | Notes | Ref |
| Creative Arts | Choreography | Charles Edward Weidman | | Choreographic pieces dealing with human values, particularly small group choreography on James Thurber's Fables for Our Time | | |
| Creative Arts | Fiction | Ralph Bates | | Writing | | |
| Creative Arts | Fiction | Eleanor Clark | | Rome and a Villa | Also won in 1950 | |
| Creative Arts | Fiction | J. R. Humphreys | Columbia University | Writing | | |
| Creative Arts | Fiction | Roger Lemelin | | Writing | Also won in 1946 | |
| Creative Arts | Fiction | Isaac Rosenfeld | | Writing | | |
| Creative Arts | Fiction | Robert Penn Warren | University of Minnesota | Writing | Also won in 1939 | |
| Creative Arts | Film | John Hales Whitney | | Experimental work in abstract sound film | Also won in 1948 | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Frank Davenport Duncan | | | Also won in 1945 | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Xavier Gonzalez | | Painting | | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Philip Guston | Washington University in St. Louis | Painting | Also won in 1968 | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Donal Hord | | Sculpture | Also won in 1945 | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Jack Nichols | | Painting | | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Alexander Peter Russo | Bard College | Painting | Also won in 1949 | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Mitchell Siporin | | Painting | Also won in 1945 | |
| Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Rudolph Charles von Ripper | | Etching and drawing | Also won in 1945 | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Samuel Barber | | Composing | Also won in 1945, 1949 | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Edward T. Cone | | Composing | | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Ross Lee Finney | Smith College | Composing | Also won in 1937 | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Gian Carlo Menotti | | Composing | Also won in 1946 | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Jerome Moross | | Composing | Also won in 1949 | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Alex North | | Composing | | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Harold Samuel Shapero | | Composing | Also won in 1946 | |
| Creative Arts | Music Composition | Louise Juliette Talma | | Composing | Also won in 1946 | |
| Creative Arts | Photography | Wayne Forest Miller | | Black Chicagoans | Also won in 1946 | |
| Creative Arts | Poetry | Elizabeth Bishop | | Writing | Also won in 1978 | |
| Creative Arts | Poetry | Gwendolyn Brooks | | Writing | Also won in 1946 | |
| Creative Arts | Poetry | Robert Lowell | | Writing | | |
| Creative Arts | Poetry | Edward Ronald Weismiller | | Writing | Also won in 1943 | |
| Humanities | American Literature | Daniel Aaron | Smith College | American progressive tradition as seen in the writings of Parker, George, Bellamy, Lloyd, Rauschenbusch, Howells and Veblen | | |
| Humanities | American Literature | John Wendell Dodds | Stanford University | The Age of Paradox: A Biography of England 1841-1851 | | |
| Humanities | American Literature | Alfred Kazin | | | Also won in 1940, 1958, 1969 | |
| Humanities | American Literature | Arlin Turner | Duke University | | Also won in 1959 | |
| Humanities | Architecture, Planning and Design | Carl Kenneth Hersey | University of Rochester | | | |
| Humanities | Architecture, Planning and Design | Carroll Louis Meeks | Yale University | Historical development of railroad stations as examples of architectural solutions to meet new needs | | |
| Humanities | Biography | Shirley Graham | | Anne Newport Royall and her contribution to the American mind | | |
| Humanities | Biography | Jeannette Mirsky | | Eli Whitney and the impact of his inventive and business ability in the history of the United States | Also won in 1949 | |
| Humanities | British History | William Haller | Barnard College | Thought and expression in the Puritan Revolution | Also won in 1950, 1956 | |
| Humanities | British History | Jack H. Hexter | Queens College, CUNY | Change in the structure of 16th-century European society | Also won in 1942, 1979 | |
| Humanities | British History | Arthur J. Marder | | | Also won in 1941, 1946 | |
| Humanities | British History | Charles Loch Mowat | University of California, Los Angeles | History of Great Britain from Armistice Day to the evacuation of Dunkirk | | |
| Humanities | Classics | Malcolm Francis McGregor | University of Cincinnati | History of the ancient Athenian Empire | | |
| Humanities | Classics | Friedrich Solmsen | Cornell University | | | |
| Humanities | English Literature | David V. Erdman | Wayne State University | Social change in England, 1789-1806, as it influenced and was influenced by the writers of the time | | |
| Humanities | English Literature | G. Blakemore Evans | University of Wisconsin | Manuscript of miscellanies or commonplace books of English verse from 1550 to 1700 contained in the principal libraries and private collections in the United States | | |
| Humanities | English Literature | Edward Lippincott McAdam, Jr | New York University | Dr. Johnson and the English Law | | |
| Humanities | English Literature | William Andrew Ringler, Jr | Princeton University | | Also won in 1957 | |
| Humanities | English Literature | Hallett D. Smith | Williams College | | | |
| Humanities | Fine Arts Research | Sumner McKnight Crosby | Yale University | Excavations in the Basilica of Saint-Denis to gather evidence for a book on the Abbey of Saint-Denis | | |
| Humanities | Fine Arts Research | Alfred Victor Frankenstein | San Francisco Chronicle | William Michael Harnett | | |
| Humanities | Fine Arts Research | Paul Frankl | Institute for Advanced Study | History of Gothic architecture | | |
| Humanities | Fine Arts Research | | Smith College | Drawings of Francisco de Goya | Also won in 1960, 1967 | |
| Humanities | Fine Arts Research | Theodore Sizer | Yale University | Biography of John Trumbull | | |
| Humanities | Folklore and Popular Culture | Elaine O'Beirne-Ranelagh | | Completion of two books: one on New York City folk songs, and one on Irish folk songs | | |
| Humanities | French History | Paul Harold Beik | Swarthmore College | Conflicting social philosophies in the French Revolution | Also won in 1949 | |
| Humanities | French Literature | Wallace Fowlie | University of Chicago | Critical and interpretive study of Stéphane Mallarmé's poetry | Also won in 1961 | |
| Humanities | French Literature | Jeanne Varney Pleasants | Columbia University | French speech, its intonations and rhythm | | |
| Humanities | General Nonfiction | Joseph Kinsey Howard | | Métis Nation of northwestern United States and western Canada | Also won in 1948 | |
| Humanities | General Nonfiction | K. Laurence Stapleton | Bryn Mawr College | The general ideas on which democracy depends and the setting and atmosphere of democracy today as they appear to the private citizen | | |
| Humanities | German and Scandinavian Literature | Richard Alewyn | Queens College, CUNY | | | |
| Humanities | History of Science and Technology | James R. Newman | | | Also won in 1946 | |
| Humanities | Latin American Literature | José Juan Arrom | Yale University | Spanish American drama and its relation to other literature | Also won in 1964 | |
| Humanities | Latin American Literature | Robert Hayward Barlow | National School of Anthropology and History | History of the empire of Montezuma | Also won in 1946 | |
| Humanities | Linguistics | Wolf Leslau | École libre des hautes études | Language, traditional history, and folklore of Ethiopia | Also won in 1946 | |
| Humanities | Literary Criticism | Richard Volney Chase | Connecticut College | Herman Melville's thought and the allegory and symbols he used to express his thought | Also won in 1962 | |
| Humanities | Literary Criticism | Lionel Trilling | Columbia University | Critical essays on English and American subjects | Also won in 1975 | |
| Humanities | Medieval Literature | Alexander J. Denomy | University of Toronto | Mystical philosophy of Avicenna and its place in the medieval Christian world | | |
| Humanities | Medieval Literature | Francis Lee Utley | Ohio State University | Apocryphal stories of the flood | Also won in 1946, 1952 | |
| Humanities | Music Research | Helen Margaret Hewitt | North Texas State College | Secular choral music of Italy in the late 15th century | | |
| Humanities | Music Research | Dragan Plamenac | | | | |
| Humanities | Music Research | Walter H. Rubsamen | University of California, Los Angeles | Historical and stylistic study of music of 18th-century ballad operas in England and the United States | Also won in 1957 | |
| Humanities | Philosophy | Herbert Feigl | University of Minnesota | Philosophical and methodological problems of psychology | | |
| Humanities | Philosophy | Carl Gustav Hempel | Queens College, CUNY | | | |
| Humanities | Philosophy | Paul Henle | Northwestern University | | | |
| Humanities | Philosophy | Richard Otto Hertz | University of Dubuque | Theory of value based on aesthetics | | |
| Humanities | Philosophy | Henry M. Rosenthal | Cooper Union | | | |
| Humanities | Photography Studies | Beaumont Newhall | Museum of Modern Art | The History of Photography, 1839 to the Present | Also won in 1975 | |
| Humanities | United States History | Edwin Morris Betts | University of Virginia | Edition of Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book | | |
| Humanities | United States History | Dorothy Burne Goebel | Hunter College, CUNY | British Free Ports policy and the American West Indian Interest, 1765-1815 | | |
| Humanities | United States History | Richard B. Morris | City College of New York | Economic and legal status of free indentured, and slave labor in the United States before the American Civil War | Also won in 1961, 1982 | |
| Natural Sciences | Applied Science | George L. Kreezer | | | Also won in 1945 | |
| Natural Sciences | Chemistry | Thomas L. Jacobs | University of California, Los Angeles | Polymerization of acetylenes | | |
| Natural Sciences | Chemistry | Milton Orchin | | Research at the Sieff Institute | | |
| Natural Sciences | Chemistry | Verner Schomaker | California Institute of Technology | Molecular structure | | |
| Natural Sciences | Chemistry | David P. Shoemaker | California Institute of Technology | Electronic structure of metals | | |
| Natural Sciences | Chemistry | James Curren Warf | Iowa State College | Physico-inorganic chemistry of certain metallic hydrides | | |
| Natural Sciences | Earth Science | Henry Paul Hansen | Oregon State College | Paleobotanical study of post-glacial forest migrations and climate in western Canada, based on analyses of fossil pollen gathered in peat bogs in the area | Also won in 1943 | |
| Natural Sciences | Earth Science | John Sinclair Stevenson | British Columbia Department of Mines | Ores and rocks in British Columbia Coast mountain ranges | | |
| Natural Sciences | Mathematics | Warren Ambrose | Yale University | Algebras of locally-compact topological groups | | |
| Natural Sciences | Mathematics | Garrett Birkhoff | Harvard University | Hydrodynamics | | |
| Natural Sciences | Mathematics | Paul Halmos | University of Chicago | Research at the Institute for Advanced Studies | | |
| Natural Sciences | Mathematics | Saunders Mac Lane | Harvard University | Borderline between algebra and algebraic tophography | Also won in 1982 | |
| Natural Sciences | Mathematics | Walter H. Pitts | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Cybernetics | Also won in 1945 | |
| Natural Sciences | Molecular and Cellular Biology | Britton Chance | University of Pennsylvania | Research with Hugo Theorell in Stockholm | Also won in 1945 | |
| Natural Sciences | Molecular and Cellular Biology | Gordon Mackinney | University of California, Davis | | | |
| Natural Sciences | Molecular and Cellular Biology | Berta Scharrer | | | | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | Philip Jackson Darlington, Jr | Harvard University | Ground beetles, with an emphasis on the Carabidae family | Also won in 1956 | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | Joseph Hickey | University of Michigan | Banded birds and their life expectancy in the wild, their turnover population in nature and other facts of value to conservationists | Also won in 1944 | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | I. Michael Lerner | University of California, Davis | | Also won in 1952, 1956 | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | Pincus Philip Levine | Cornell University | Research at the Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies | | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | Earle Gorton Linsley | University of California, Davis | | | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | James Hubert Pepper | Montana State College | Biochemical and physical study of the exoskeleton of the Mormon cricket, from the standpoint of insect control | | |
| Natural Sciences | Organismic Biology and Ecology | Alexander Sprunt, Jr | National Audubon Society | Reference book on birds of South Carolina | | |
| Natural Sciences | Physics | Francis Arthur Jenkins | | | Also won in 1932, 1958 | |
| Natural Sciences | Plant Science | Alexander Cyril Faberge | University of Wisconsin | Conditions influencing gene mutation | | |
| Natural Sciences | Plant Science | Gustav A. Mehlquist | Washington University in St. Louis | Problems of orchid breeding | | |
| Natural Sciences | Plant Science | Ernest Rouleau | University of Montreal | Flora of Newfoundland | | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Sherburne Friend Cook | University of California, Berkeley | | Also won in 1938 | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Anna Hadwick Gayton | | Espírito Santo Festival of the California Portuguese | | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | George Herzog | Columbia University | Music in primitive cultures | Also won in 1935 | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Alice Marriott | | Nambé Indian Pueblo in New Mexico | Also won in 1960 | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Morris Swadesh | Linguistic Circle of New York | Language and ethnology of the "Nootka Indians" of Vancouver Island | Also won in 1946 | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Charles F. Voegelin | Indiana University | American Indian languages | | |
| Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Erminie Wheeler-Voegelin | Indiana University | "Native American and Eskimo" unwritten literature | | |
| Social Sciences | Economics | Morris Eugene Garnsey | University of Colorado | Economy of the mountain states | | |
| Social Sciences | Economics | Wolfgang F. Stolper | Swarthmore College | | | |
| Social Sciences | Economics | Siegfried V. Wantrup | University of California, Davis | | Also won in 1951 | |
| Social Sciences | Political Science | | Duke University | Effects of the wartime social, economic, and political change on the public personnel of Canada | Also won in 1942 | |
| Social Sciences | Political Science | Sherman Kent | Yale University | Problems of national strategic intelligence operations | | |
| Social Sciences | Psychology | Fritz Heider | Smith College | | Also won in 1951 | |
| Social Sciences | Psychology | Alexander H. Leighton | Cornell University | Comparative study of cultural and personality data dealing with "Navajo Indians, Eskimos, and Japanese" | Also won in 1945 | |
| Social Sciences | Psychology | Dorothea Leighton | Cornell University | Comparative study of cultural and personality data dealing with "Navajo Indians, Eskimos, and Japanese" | Also won in 1945 | |
| Social Sciences | Psychology | Bernard Frank Riess | Hunter College, CUNY | | | |