1813 in Germany

Incumbents

Kingdoms

• * Monarch – Frederick William III Kingdom of Bavaria
• * Maximilian I Kingdom of Saxony
• * Frederick Augustus I Kingdom of Württemberg
• * Frederick I

Grand Duchies

• * Charles 10 June 1811 – 8 December 1818Grand Duke of Hesse
• * Louis I
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
• * Frederick Francis I– Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
• * Charles II Grand Duke of Oldenburg
• * Wilhelm Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
• * Peter I
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
• * Karl August

Principalities

• * George William Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• * Friedrich Günther Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• * Günther Friedrich Karl I Principality of Lippe
• * Leopold II Principality of Reuss-Greiz
• * Heinrich XIII
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
• * George I
• * George II

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
• * Leopold III Duke of Brunswick
• * Frederick William Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• * Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen - FrederickDuke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
• * Ernest I Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
• * Bernhard II Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
• * Frederick Charles Louis

Events

• 9 February – Prussia abolishes the canton system and establishes universal conscription.
• 28 February – Napoleonic Wars: Treaty of Kalisch – Prussia and Russia sign alliance against France
• 4 March – The French garrison evacuates Berlin, leaving Russian troops able to reach and take the city without a fight.
• 14 March – Mecklenburg-Schwerin joins the coalition
• 17 March – Prussia declares war on France, establishes Landwehr and introduces the Iron Cross military award and issues An Mein Volk proclamation
• 18 March – Russian Cossacks capture Hamburg
• 5 April – Battle of Möckern: Prusso-Russian victory over France
• 20 April – Saxony signs treaty of armed neutrality with Austria
• 21 April – Frederick William III of Prussia establishes the Landsturm
• 25 April – Bavaria announces its neutrality
• 27 April – French garrison of Spandau capitulates
• 2 May – Battle of Lützen – Napoleon wins against the German alliance.
• 20/21 May – Battle of Bautzen – French victory over the coalition
• 26 May – Battle of Haynau – Prussian victory against France
• 31 May – French troops retake Hamburg
• 4 June – Battle of Luckau – Coalition victory
• 4 June – Truce of Pläswitz begins between France, Prussia and Russia
• 14/15/27 June – Treaties of Reichenbach – between Great Britain, Prussia, Russia and Austria
• 12 July – Trachenberg Plan adopted by the Allies
• 11 August – Austria declares war on France
• 16 August – The truce ends
• 23 August – Battle of Großbeeren: Napoleon is defeated by Prussia and Sweden.
• 26 August – Battle of the Katzbach: Napoleon's troops are defeated by Prussia and Russia.
• 26–27 August – Battle of Dresden: Napoleon's troops are victorious.
• 27 August – Battle of Hagelberg: Prusso-Russian victory
• 29–30 August – First Battle of Kulm: French Marshal Vandamme is defeated and captured, by allied Coalition forces from Russia, Prussia and Austria.
• 4 September: In the gaming records of Hans Carl Leopold von der Gabelentz the name of Germany's national card game, "Scat" (now Skat, appears for the time.
• 6 September – Battle of Dennewitz: The armies of Napoleon are defeated by Prussia and Russia.
• 9 September – Treaty of Töplitz – between Prussia, Austria and Russia
• 17 September – Second Battle of Kulm: The Allied Coalition is victorious; Napoleon is forced to halt his advance on Teplitz.
• 18 September – Battle of the Göhrde – Coalition victory
• 28 September – Battle of Altenburg – Coalition victory
• 29 September – Combat of Roßlau – Coalition victory
• 3 October – Battle of Wartenburg – Prussian victory
• 8 October – Treaty of Ried – Bavaria allies with the Coalition against France
• 14 October – Bavaria declares war on France
• 16–19 October – Battle of Leipzig: Napoleon is defeated by the forces of the Sixth Coalition. More than 600,000 troops are in the field, with well over 20% killed, wounded or missing. Many of the German states forming the Confederation of the Rhine defect from Napoleon to the Coalition, as a result of the battle.
• 26 October – King Jérôme leaves Kassel, effectively dissolving the Kingdom of Westphalia
• 30–31 October – Battle of Hanau: Napoleon defeats Bavarian-Austrian force.
• 2 November – Treaty of Fulda – Württemberg joins the Coalition
• 11 November – French garrison of Dresden capitulates
• 20 November – Baden joins the coalition
• 21 November – William I enters Kassel and is restored as Elector of Hesse
• 23 November – Hesse-Darmstadt and Nassau join the coalition
• 7 December – Battle of Bornhöved
• 8 December – Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 7, together with his Wellington's Victory, are premiered in Vienna under the composer's baton, in a benefit concert for Austrian and Bavarian soldiers wounded at the Battle of Hanau.
• 10 December – Battle of Sehested
• 31 December – Blücher's Army of Silesia crosses the Rhine

Births

• 11 February – Otto Ludwig, German writer
• 18 March – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet, playwright
• 1 April – Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg, German mineralogist
• 22 May – Richard Wagner, German composer
• 17 October – Georg Büchner, German playwright

Deaths

• 20 January –Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer
• 3 April – Friederike Brion, first great love of Johann Wolfgang Goethe
• 28 June –Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general
• 26 August – Theodor Körner, German author, soldier