1709 in Sweden

Incumbents

• Monarch – Charles XII

Events

• June 27 - Great Northern War: Battle of Poltava: In Ukraine, Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia, defeats Charles XII of Sweden, thus effectively ending Sweden's role as a major power in Europe.
• The deposed Polish monarch Stanisław I of Poland is given refuge in Kristianstad in Sweden with his family, including Queen Catherine Opalińska and Marie Leszczyńska.

Births

• 14 March - Sten Carl Bielke, official, scientist
• 11 July - Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, chemist and mineralogist
• Carl Johan Cronstedt, architect, inventor, Earl, noble, civil servant, scientist and bibliophile
• Henrika Juliana von Liewen, politically active baroness

Deaths

• 17 February - Erik Benzelius the Elder, theologian and Archbishop of Uppsala
• 9 April - Israel Kolmodin, hymnwriter and Lutheran priest
• 24 May - Nils Gyldenstolpe (1642–1709), count, official and diplomat
• 28 June - Gustaf Adlerfelt, historical writer
• September 7 - Gunno Dahlstierna, poet