1670 in England
Events from the year 1670 in England.
Incumbents
Events
- 21 January – French-born 'gentleman highwayman' Claude Duval is hanged at Tyburn gallows in London and subsequently buried in St Paul's, Covent Garden.
- 24 March – John Manners, Lord Roos, obtains a private act of Parliament giving him a divorce from his wife, Anne Manners, Lady Roos, on the grounds of her adultery.
- 31 March – warship HMS Sapphire is wrecked beyond repair when her captain, John Pearce, orders the ship to be run aground at Sicily while fleeing what he believes to be four Algerian pirate ships, rather than attempting to fight. The ships turn out to have been friendly, and Pearce and his lieutenant, Andrew Logan, are court-martialed for their cowardice and executed on 17 September.
- 11 April – Conventicles Act 1670 receives royal assent, imposing fines for attendance at "seditious conventicles".
- 2 May – a royal charter is granted to the Hudson's Bay Company with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in Rupert's Land, governed for the crown by Rupert, Duke of Cumberland, the King's cousin, a 1.5 million square mile area around Hudson Bay in North America.
- 1 June – the secret Treaty of Dover is signed between King Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France, ending hostilities between their kingdoms. Louis will give Charles 200,000 pounds annually. In return Charles promises to relax the laws against Catholics, gradually re-Catholicize England, support French policy against the Dutch Republic, and convert to Catholicism himself when conditions permit. The treaty is ratified on 4 June. The terms will not become public until the early 19th century. Louis is represented in the negotiations by Charles' sister, Princess Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans, who dies suddenly on 30 June soon after returning to France.
- 8 July O.S. – by the Treaty of Madrid, Spain recognises Jamaica and the Cayman Islands as English possessions.
- 11 July – the Treaty of Copenhagen is signed between Charles II and King Christian V of Denmark to promote alliance and commerce.
- 14 August – Quakers William Penn and William Mead preach in Gracechurch Street in the City of London, in defiance of the new Conventicles Act, and are arrested and tried but on 5 September the jury refuses to convict.
- 17 August – a joint fleet of warships from England and from the Dutch Republic rescue 250 Christian slaves and then sink six Barbary pirate ships in a battle in the Mediterranean Sea off of the coast of Morocco at Cape Spartel.
- 18 August – John Dryden is appointed as historiographer royal.
- 20 September – production of Mrs Aphra Behn's first play, The Forced Marriage, at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre by the Duke's Company, with Thomas Betterton in the lead.
- 9 November – Bushel's Case, following the trial of Penn, establishes that members of a jury may not be punished for delivering a verdict according to their conscience even if contrary to the view of the judge.
- 21 December
- * The Cabal Ministry in London signs a treaty with France based on June's secret Treaty of Dover but with the conversion clause removed.
- * John Coventry, MP is maimed for making a joke about the King, resulting in passing of the Maiming Act, making lying in wait to maim anyone a felony.
- Rock salt is discovered near Northwich in Cheshire.
Births
- 24 January – William Congreve, playwright
- 10 April – Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich
- 23 April – Cassandra Willoughby, Duchess of Chandos, historian
- 8 May – Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans, soldier, illegitimate son of King Charles II and Nell Gwyn
- 19 July – Richard Leveridge, bass singer and composer
- 21 August – James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, soldier, illegitimate son of James, Duke of York and Arabella Churchill, in France
- 27 September – Sir Thomas Stanley, 4th Baronet, Member of Parliament
- 4 December – John Aislabie, politician and director of the South Sea Company
- 28 December – Algernon Capell, 2nd Earl of Essex
- Approximate date
- * Laurence Echard, historian
- * Abigail Masham, Baroness Masham, royal favourite
Deaths
- 3 January – George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, soldier
- 21 January – Claude Duval, highwayman, hanged
- 15 March – John Davenport, clergy
- 5 May – Sir Geoffrey Palmer, 1st Baronet, lawyer and politician
- 30 June – Princess Henrietta Anne Stuart
- 4 July – Christopher Hatton, 1st Baron Hatton, Royalist
- 16 September – William Penn, admiral
- 21 November – Sir Walter Yonge, 2nd Baronet, Member of Parliament
- Gilbert Mabbot, licenser of the press