1336

• February 25
• * Rather than be taken captive by the Teutonic Knights, 4,000 defenders of Pilėnai, Lithuania commit mass suicide.
• * The Kenmu Restoration ends and the Muromachi period begins in Japan; start of the Nanboku-chō period.
• April 18 – Brothers Harihara and Bukka Raya found the Vijayanagara Empire on the southern part of the Deccan Plateau in South India.
• April 26 – The Ascent of Mount Ventoux is made by the Italian poet Petrarch: he claims to be the first since classical antiquity to climb a mountain for the view.
• May 19 – The governor of Baghdad, Oirat 'Ali Padsah, defeats Arpa Ke'un near Maraga, contributing to the disintegration of the Ilkhanate.
• July 4 – Battle of Minatogawa: Ashikaga Takauji defeats Japanese Imperial forces, under Kusunoki Masashige and Nitta Yoshisada.
• July 21–22 – Second War of Scottish Independence: Aberdeen, Scotland is burned by the English.
• September 20 – The reign of Emperor Kōmyō, second of the Ashikaga Pretenders to the Northern Court of Japan, begins.

Births

• April 9 - Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire
• July 25 - Albert I, Duke of Bavaria date unknown
• * Gao Qi, Chinese poet
• * Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev probable
• * Stefan Uroš V, Emperor of the Serbs

Deaths

• January 20 - John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford
• February 25 - Margiris, Duke of Samogitia
• March 20 - Maurice Csák, Hungarian Dominican friar
• May 17 - Emperor Go-Fushimi of Japan
• July 4 - Elizabeth of Portugal, queen consort and saint
• September 5 - Charles d'Évreux date unknown
• * Bernard VIII, Count of Comminges
• * Arpa Ke'un, Ilkhanid ruler
• * Guillaume Pierre Godin, French Dominican philosopher
• * Hugh II of Arborea
• * Ramon Muntaner, Catalan soldier and writer
• * Cino da Pistoia, Italian poet
• * Richard of Wallingford, English monk and mathematician
• * Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din, Ilkhanate politician
• * Turgut Alp, Kayı and Ottoman soldier and commander in-chief at the age of 136.