1259
Year 1259 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- September - Epirote–Nicaean conflict, Battle of Pelagonia: The Empire of Nicaea defeats the Principality of Achaea, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.
- December 4 - Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe, in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.
- The famous frescoes of the Boyana Church in Bulgaria are completed.
- The German cities of Lübeck, Wismar, and Rostock enter into a pact to defend against pirates of the Baltic Sea, laying the groundwork for the Hanseatic League.
- Nogai Khan leads the second Mongol Golden Horde attack against Lithuania, and Second [Mongol invasion of Poland|Poland].
Asia
- March - The Japanese Shōka era ends, and the Shōgen era begins.
Births
- February 25 - Infanta Branca of Portugal, daughter of King Afonso III of Portugal and Urraca of Castile
- March 25 - Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor
- Pietro Cavallini, Italian painter
- Demetre II of Georgia
- Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
Deaths
- January - Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne, ruler of Boulogne, queen consort of Portugal
- February 7 - Thomas, Count of Flanders
- May 29 - King Christopher I of Denmark
- July 21 - Gojong of Goryeo
- August 11 - Möngke Khan of the Mongol Empire
- October 7 - Ezzelino III da Romano, Italian ruler
- November 18 - Adam Marsh, English scholar and theologiandate unknown - Matthew Paris, English chronicler