1068

By place

Byzantine Empire

• January 1 - Empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa, wife of the late Emperor Constantine X, marries General Romanos Diogenes – who is proclaimed co-emperor as Romanos IV of the Byzantine Empire.
• Autumn - Romanos IV begins a campaign against the Seljuk Turks, leading a Byzantine expeditionary force. He is successful in recapturing the fortress city of Hieropolis near Aleppo in northern Syria.
• Winter - Romanos IV leaves a portion of his army as a rearguard at Melitene. The Byzantine garrison fails to check a Seljuk raid that manages to sack Amorium. Romanos winters near Aleppo before returning to Constantinople.

  Europe

• Norman conquest of southern Italy: Norman forces under Robert Guiscard lay siege to the Byzantine city of Bari.
• Battle of the Alta River: The Cumans defeat the Kievan Rus' forces of Grand Prince Iziaslav I, and his brothers Sviatoslav II and Vsevolod I.
• Kiev Uprising: The city of Kiev rebels against Iziaslav I, in the aftermath of the Kievan Rus' defeat against the Cumans.
• Rethra destruction: In the Annals of Augsburg, the Slavic city is mentioned for the last time under the year 1068. It is captured by bishop Burchard, who destroys their temple and abducts the sacred white horse living there.
• Norman forces under Robert Guiscard and his brother Roger I invade Sicily. Muslim ruler Ayyub ibn Tamim's forces oppose them. The Normans and the Muslim army meet at the Battle of Misilmeri. The Norman forces defeat the Muslim army. Ayyub ibn Tamim flees from Sicily. The Norman conquest of the island continues to expand.

  England

• Siege of Exeter: Norman forces under King William I take the city of Exeter after a siege of 18-days.
• William I begins a campaign in the East Midlands to put down the rebellions at Nottingham, Stafford, Lincoln and York.
• Edgar the Ætheling takes refuge with King Malcolm III of Scotland along with Edgar's sister Margaret, who marries King Malcolm.
• May 11 - William I brings his wife Matilda of Flanders to England. She is crowned queen in Westminster Abbey.

  Africa

• September - Zaynab an-Nafzawiyyah marries Abu Bakr ibn Umar, leader of the Almoravids, and becomes his queen and co-regent.

  Asia

• Spring - Emperor Yi Zong of the Western Xia dies after a 19-year reign. He is succeeded by his 7-year-old son Hui Zong, who assumes the throne.
• May 22 - Emperor Go-Reizei dies after a 23-year reign, leaving no direct heirs to the throne. He is succeeded by his brother Go-Sanjō as the 71st emperor of Japan.

  By topic

Geology

• March 18 - An earthquake affects the Near East, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX. The shock has a magnitude greater than 7, and leaves about 20,000 people dead.