Yeppoon State School
Yeppoon State School is a heritage-listed state school and state school at 14–16 Tucker Street, Yeppoon, Shire of Livingstone, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Department of Public Works and built from 1929 to 1957. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 2019.
History
Yeppoon State School, established in 1885 as a provisional school, is located in the coastal town of Yeppoon, approximately northeast of Rockhampton. Located on its current site from 1957, the school retains seven timber buildings arranged in a layout typical of 1950s site planning. The buildings are:- Block E, a highset timber school building with semi-enclosed stair
- former administration wing
- Blocks A, B and F, three highset timber school buildings with open web steel floor trusses
- Block C, a lowset variation of a highset timber school building with timber floor trusses
- Block D, a sectional building extended with a highset timber school building with semi-enclosed stair extensions
Part of the traditional lands of the Darumbal people, a town reserve at Yeppoon was proclaimed on 30 April 1868, in response to a petition by Rockhampton residents to the Queensland Surveyor-General for a coastal recreation town. Yeppoon was surveyed in 1872, and the first land sale held on 4 April 1873, but sales were slow as nearby Emu Park proved to be a more popular seaside resort. Nevertheless, pastoralists and selectors settled and developed the fertile and well-watered land around the township of Yeppoon. By 1878, the immediate Yeppoon hinterland had been largely developed for agriculture, with the surrounding area used for grazing.
In 1884, the Yeppoon Sugar Company commenced operations, with a large mill at Farnborough and 2000 acres of land worked by South Sea Islanders. This industry boosted the town's development. Sawmills were established, and fishing and oystering commenced. The township's growth led to the opening of a provisional school at Yeppoon on 4 May 1885, with 15 pupils.
The establishment of schools was considered an essential step in the development of new communities and integral to their success. Locals often donated land and labour for a school's construction and the school community contributed to maintenance and development. Schools became a community focus, a symbol of progress, and a source of pride, with enduring connections formed with past pupils, parents, and teachers.
By January 1889, further population growth at Yeppoon had increased school enrolments to 60 children. Having surpassed the enrolment number required for establishment of a state school, Yeppoon State School was established. A new state school building replaced the provisional school building, on the same at the eastern end of Queen Street, close to the town's centre.
Yeppoon and its district continued to develop in the decades leading up to World War II. As the result of lobbying, the government opened the Yeppoon railway line from Sleipner Junction railway station to Yeppoon railway station on 22 January 1910. This line connected the town to the Central Western railway line, which linked Rockhampton and Longreach, boosting Yeppoon's importance as a Central Queensland coastal resort. Its settled populated also rose, reaching over 600 by 1911. In August 1922, a hospital opened in Yeppoon and three boarding schools commenced in town between 1917 and 1940, serving the educational needs of Central Queensland. Yeppoon's population reached about 900 by 1933. In 1939, the Scenic Highway between Emu Park and Yeppoon opened, stimulating further growth.
Due to this development, student numbers at Yeppoon State School continued to increase, requiring further accommodation. In 1919, a second classroom building was added to the school site and in 1929 a two-classroom sectional school building was also erected. This highset timber school building, designed to enable the building to be extended in sections by detaching the western end wall, was a common standard plan building form constructed by the Department of Public Works in this period.
In the immediate post-World War II period, the Yeppoon State School population increased from 348 in 1945 to 635 in 1955, seriously overcrowding both the school's Queen Street site and its classrooms. This reflected the enormous demand for state education between the late 1940s and the 1960s, which resulted from immigration and the unprecedented national population growth now termed the "baby boom". Queensland's Department of Public Instruction was largely unprepared for this demand. To cope, many new buildings were constructed and existing buildings were extended. For Yeppoon State School, the Department of Public Instruction responded by acquiring a site in 1950, for future development. This was located on Tucker Street, about northwest of the Queen Street site. Rather than immediately occupying the site, the Department extended the 1929 sectional school building by two classrooms in 1950 and by one classroom in 1953 of a highset timber school building with semi-enclosed stair building type.
Overcrowded conditions at the school continued and plans were approved in April and June 1956 for the new Yeppoon State School. In 1956, construction of two buildings on the Tucker Street site commenced, with an estimated cost of £26,014, rising to £29,038 in the following year. These buildings were joined at their east ends by covered walkways and a timber administration wing comprising two staff rooms. Blocks D and E splayed out from the administration wing to form a wedge-shaped, open-ended courtyard, which was filled, graded and finished with bitumen to form a parade area.
Block D, the 1929 sectional school building was relocated from the Queen Street school site and erected on concrete piers on the Tucker Street site. A northeast verandah was used for circulation and a room was added to its east end for a library. The understorey featured bracing walls, built-in seating, and a western toilet enclosure.
Block E, a highset timber school building with semi-enclosed stair, conformed to the new standard plans for school buildings introduced from 1950. This building type comprised a highset timber-framed structure with the understorey used as covered play space. It was a long and narrow building with a gable roof. A semi-enclosed stair connected the understorey to a north-facing verandah running the length of the building. Classrooms opened off the verandah and had extensive areas of windows; almost the entirety of the verandah wall and the opposite classroom wall were glazed, allowing abundant natural light and ventilation. This type was the most commonly constructed in the 1950s in Queensland. Block E comprised five classrooms with a store, a head teachers room at its east end, and a north-facing verandah. It was set on concrete piers, with the west end of the understorey enclosed for toilets, and the east end enclosed for a store and medical room.
Yeppoon State School opened on its new site in 1957, when grades 4–8 moved to the campus at the beginning of the school year. Grade 3 transferred during the year. The infant school remained at the Queen Street site.
The population of the new primary school continued to increase and more buildings were constructed. Blocks A and B, built in 1958, to the north and northeast of Block D, were a refinement of the standard highset timber school building type. Introduced in 1957, this type used an open-web steel joist that spanned further and removed more understorey stumps. This structural system was employed with reinforced concrete piers to support large loads at minimal costs. Block A had a northwest-facing verandah, and two classrooms with a western store room. Block B had a northeast-facing verandah and had three classrooms with a store room on the west side of the easternmost classroom. These buildings were connected to each other by a covered walkway, which ran roughly east-west and featured a glazed screen. This walkway connection linked to Block D via another covered walkway, which ran roughly north-south.
In 1958, a new secondary department opened at the Yeppoon State School, with Year 9 students. Additions for secondary classes were built in 1959 for an estimated cost of £6,101. In keeping with the Queensland Government's continued focus on vocational education during the 1950s and 1960s, a building that was a lowset variation of the highset timber school building with timber floor trusses standard type, used for domestic science, was erected in 1959 and featured clerestory lighting over its verandah wall and two classrooms with a small staff room and a fitting room. Block C was located east of Block D and connected to it by verandahs and a covered walkway on the north elevation. This building was a lowset version of the F/T5 building type, without a truss. At the same time, a timber school building with open web steel floor trusses was erected to the south of Block E. This comprised two classrooms, with its northern verandah connected to the eastern end of Block E via a covered walkway. On 4 September 1962, the Yeppoon Secondary Department was officially opened by Vince Jones, Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Callide.
The siting of the buildings on the new Yeppoon State School campus reflected master planning concepts developed by DPW architects in the 1950s. During a period of high demand for more classroom accommodation, DPW architects introduced school master planning, a concept to plan for controlled growth and change. During the period emphasis shifted away from grid-like layouts to nuclear layouts, centred on a nucleus of core facilities. The plans balanced the need for correct solar orientation and an appropriate response to contours and existing vegetation. Generous courtyard spaces between classroom wings were used for assembly and play areas. Yeppoon State School features open-ended courtyard spaces between Blocks E and D, Blocks D and B, and Blocks C and A, and south of Block C.
There was also a focus on more appropriate siting of new schools within their neighbourhoods and ideal solar orientation. Educationalists argued that the ideal orientation of classroom buildings was ten degrees east of north, with verandahs protecting the northern side and classrooms facing south. This led to the construction of school buildings that were oriented in relation to the sun rather than the site boundaries.
The Yeppoon State School site slopes from north to south, necessitating cutting into the hillside to create building sites for the school buildings. Retaining walls dating from the 1950s, to the north of Blocks A and B, to the north of Blocks C and D, and to the north of Block E, were required and form part of the school's landscaping.
An important component of Queensland state schools was their grounds. The early and continuing commitment to play-based education, particularly in primary school, resulted in the provision of outdoor play space and sporting facilities, such as ovals and tennis courts. Yeppoon State School completed its two tennis courts and a basketball court by 1961, playing field with cricket pitch in 1963, and its swimming pool in 1968. In 1987, a second playing field was developed at the Ranger Street end of the school site and named after the school's longest serving principal, William Noon.
The Yeppoon Secondary Department moved from the Yeppoon State School site to become a separate campus in Rawlings Street in 1969–70, freeing up classroom space for the primary school.
Alterations to the original buildings at Yeppoon State School have been made since the 1950s. Enclosure of Block F's understorey occurred, and this space was converted for use as a tuckshop in 1972. Enclosure of the understorey of Block A for a janitor's room took place, and Block C's verandah enclosure occurred. In 1971, the first floor of the former administration wing's staff rooms was converted into an administration complex and the ground floor housed a storeroom. By 1998 the first floor was being used as reading resource rooms and by October 2018 the building had been extended.
Additional buildings were erected on the site as the school's population rose. The infant school moved to the southeast corner of the Tucker Street site in new buildings from 1971. Five demountables were installed in the late 1970s. A new administration building was constructed in 1978. A preschool campus in Tucker Street commenced construction in February 1979 and was officially opened in July 1979. A special education unit at the school was officially opened in June 1985. Between 1991 and 1992, Block I was constructed. A federally-funded school hall and resource centre was officially opened in 2010 as part of the Building the Education Revolution program.
Enrolments at the school peaked in 1992 with 855 pupils. Since then, pupil numbers have declined, resulting in two of the Block M demountables being removed.
Over Yeppoon State School's long history, it has had strong community involvement. An active Parents and Citizens organisation raised funds for school improvements, and anniversaries of the school's commencement have been celebrated. In 1939, the school's 50th anniversary was celebrated with entertainments including a grand jubilee ball. In 1985, its centenary was recognised with a published school history. For Yeppoon State School's 125th anniversary in 2010, a history of the school in photographs was published by the P&C.
The school grounds have been reduced in size since the school's establishment, through alterations to its surrounding roads and subdivision of the site for residential properties. In 2018, the grounds comprised featuring an environmental studies area, two sporting fields, a swimming pool and a basketball court.
In 2019, Yeppoon State School continues to operate from its 1957 site and has an enrolment of about 320 pupils. The school retains seven buildings designed by the Department for Public Works and arranged in a manner reflecting 1950s master planning, in landscaped grounds including retaining walls, stairs and garden beds, and play and sporting areas. The school is important to Yeppoon and its district as a key social focus for the community.