Xuân Trường district


Xuân Trường is a former rural district of Nam Định province in the Red River Delta region of Vietnam.

History

Middle Ages

According to An Nam chí lược, An Nam chí nguyên and Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, around 1010, there was an administrative unit in the Red River estuary area called Hải Thanh rural district. However, its boundaries are still unclear.
Until the 2nd year of Kiến Trung, Hải Thanh was changed to Thiên Thanh rural district. However, when the Ming Dynasty controlled An Nam, the court continued to change it to Phụng Hóa rural district. When the Later Lê Dynasty recovered the autonomy in 1428, the court restored its old name and said allowed it to be part of Sơn Nam garrison. Shortly thereafter, Sơn Nam garrison continued to be divided into two prefectures Thiên Bản and Thiên Trường.
In 1862, Emperor Tự Đức issued a royal order to change Thiên Trường prefecture to Xuân Trường prefecture. From that time, the prefecture consisted of three rural districts as Giao Thủy, Nam Trực and Trực Ninh.
By 1888, some small parts of rural districts Giao Thủy and Trực Ninh were separated to establish Hải Hậu district. Therefore, Xuân Trường prefecture included four rural districts : Giao Thủy, Hải Hậu, Nam Trực and Trực Ninh.
However, in 1889, Emperor Thành Thái abolished the prefecture regime. As the center of the prefecture for a long time, Xuân Trường boldly separated from Giao Thủy district to become Xuân Trường rural district.

XX century

In 1913, Mr Bùi Bằng Đoàn started his career as a royal official as the district magistrate of Xuân Trường rural district. During his time as district magistrate in the Xuân Trường district he implemented the construction of the White Dragon dyke to prevent salt water from contaminating the area to help agricultural production allowing for productive rice and strawberry fields to grow in the area. In recognition of his merits, the people of the Xuân Trường rural district made a sacrifice for the young "parent of the people" right at the place where he took office.
In 1934, Emperor Bảo Đại continued to adjust the boundaries of the two districts. Thus, Sò River has become a natural boundary of Giao Thủy and Xuân Trường.
In 1945 the district was changed to Xuân Trường and belonged to Nam Ha province in 1965. In 1967 the district re-merged with Giao Thủy into Xuân Thủy rural district. The district re-established its old name in March 1997.

XXI century

Decree 137/2003 of the Government of Vietnam on November 14, 2003, led to the establishment of Xuân Trường township, where included as the entire area and population of Xuân Hùng commune and a part of the area and population of Xuân Ngọc commune.

Geography

Topography

Since August 2024, the area of Xuân Trường rural district has all 14 commune-level administrative units.
The total area of Xuân Trường is 1,128 km2, meaning that, it is the smallest rural district in Nam Định province. It is also the only district in the Red River Delta almost not adjacent to other localities through road but river : Thái Bình province from Hồng in the North, Trực Ninh district from Ninh Cơ in the West and Giao Thủy district from Sò in the East.
According to the statistics of the Nam Định Provincial People's Committee since the 1980s, Xuân Trường rural district is the lowest terrain with many locations still under the sea level. Therefore, although the district has almost no rivers, it is often suffered from heavy flooding in the rainy seasons.

Population

As of 2016 Xuân Trường rural district had a population of 190,000. In particular, all people are registered as Kẻ Kinh. Moreover, there is a half of the Roman Catholics.
According to records of the Holy See, the territory of Xuân Trường rural district was honored to be the first place in the whole Indochinese peninsula to welcome the Gospel. It was in 1533, when a man named Ignatius stealthily entered the mission, which was called the "Cross Party" later by the Annamese courts.
Currently, the area of the rural district belongs to three deaneries. All are under the Bùi Chu Diocese.
  • Bùi Chu : 12 parishes with 31,454 parishioners.
  • Phú Nhai : 11 p.es with 24,094 p.rs.
  • Quần Phương : 18 p.es with 48,112 p.rs.

Culture

With about half of the population of Catholics, the traditional customs in Xuân Trường rural district are a blend of wet rice culture with church-style rituals.

Cuisine

Tourism

Notable persons

Xuân Trường is also a land of culture and history which was home to notable intellectuals and politicians.

Economy

Xuân Trường is a major rice growing province and Xuân Đài rice - rice is still cultivated on every year. The district has many traditional villages that produce crafts, including: