Wonthaggi Formation


The Wonthaggi Formation is an informal geological formation in Victoria, Australia whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. It is part of the Strzelecki Group within the Gippsland Basin. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. It is partially equivalent to the Eumeralla Formation.

Geology

[Image:Eumeralla and Wonthaggi locations.jpeg|thumb|left|Exposure of Wonthaggi Formation green in bottom-right]
The Wonthaggi Formation was deposited within Gippsland Basin, which formed part of a extensional rift valley system between Australia and Antarctica. The lithology primarily consists of fluvially deposited siliciclastics derived from volcanic rocks of the Whitsunday Silicic Large Igneous Province to the East, with suggestions that the sediments either originated from braided river and sheet flood deposits, or meandering river systems on vegetated floodplains. The age of the formation is thought to be Valanginian to Barremian, with the Flat Rocks site being late Barremian in age, older than the sediments from the Eumeralla Formation, which are thought to be Aptian-Albian in age.

Permafrost

Paleosol facies in the Wonthaggi have recorded periglacial cryoturbation structures. Unusual soft sediment deformation has been observed at the Flat Rocks and Kilcunda localities, representing cryogenic hummocks. At Kilcunda, clastic dykes representing thermal contraction cracks have been identified. In the coal seams of the Wonthaggi, stone rolls are interpreted as products of a distinct form of periglacial deformation in aapa mires. Periods of warmer, temperate climate conditions are recorded as Ultisols in the Valanginian interval of the sedimentary unit.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Indeterminate ornithopod remains are present in Victoria, Australia. Indeterminate megaraptorid remains are present in Victoria, Australia.