Cipu language
Cicipu is a Kainji language spoken by about 20,000 people in northwest Nigeria. The people call themselves Acipu and are called Acipawa in Hausa.
Like most Benue–Congo languages, Cicipu has a complex noun class system. It has a fairly complex phonology with lexical and grammatical tone, vowel harmony and nasalisation.
Virtually all Cicipu speakers speak the lingua franca Hausa. Many also speak other nearby languages.
Classification
Cicipu is part of the Kambari branch of the Niger–Congo languages.The most recent published classification has Cicipu as part of the Kamuku group of West Kainji. However more detailed studies have shown this to be unlikely.
Alternative names
The Ethnologue used to list Cicipu as 'Western Acipa'. In Hausa the language is referred to as Acipanci and the people as Acipawa.Geographic distribution
Cicipu is spoken in Nigeria by approximately 20,000 people, split between Sakaba Local Government Area, Kebbi State and Kontagora Local Government Area, Niger State.Dialects/Varieties
The Acipu themselves recognise seven distinct varieties of Cicipu. The dialect names are as follows :- Tirisino
- Tidipo
- Tizoriyo
- Tidodimo
- Tikula
- Ticuhun
- Tikumbasi
Phonology
The most common syllable type in Cicipu is CV, although there are fairly strong arguments for N and CVN. A small number of noun and verb roots begin with a V syllable. Lexical tone contrasts are found in nouns e.g. káayá ‘house’ and káayà ‘bean’, but not in verbs.Vowels
Cicipu has an asymmetric six-vowel system. All vowels can be long or short, and all have nasalised counterparts. There are four diphthongs:,,, and.| Front | Central | Back | |
| Close | , | , | |
| Close-mid | , | , | |
| Open-mid | , | ||
| Open | , |