Waikavirus

Waikavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Secoviridae. Plants, poaceae, cyperaceae, and gramineae serve as natural hosts. The genus contains 34 species, 33 of which are assigned to two subgenera with one unassigned to a subgenus. Diseases associated with this genus include: MCDV: plant stunting and chlorotic striping of tertiary leaf veins in maize.

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species in the subgenus Actinidivirus:Waikavirus actinidiae, Actinidia yellowing virus 1Waikavirus betacamelliae, Camellia virus BWaikavirus camelliae, Camellia virus AWaikavirus carotae, Carrot psyllid-borne associated virusWaikavirus celtis, Hackberry virus AWaikavirus diospyri, Persimmon waikavirusWaikavirus hirtae, Ficus hirta waikavirusWaikavirus juglandis, Juglans nigra waikavirusWaikavirus liegense, Poaceae Liege virus 1Waikavirus pittospori, Pittosporum tobira virusWaikavirus populi, Populus alba waikavirusWaikavirus querci, Quercus robur waikavirusWaikavirus rhododendri, Rhododendron delavayi secovirusWaikavirus trifoccidentale, Trifolium occidentale waikavirus
The genus contains the following species in the subgenus Ritunrivirus:Waikavirus ajugae, Ajuga Reptans waikavirusWaikavirus anacycli, Anacyclus depressus waikavirusWaikavirus brassicae, Brassica napus RNA virus 1Waikavirus campanulae, Bellflower vein chlorosis virusWaikavirus eleocharis, Eleocharis dulcis waikavirusWaikavirus lactucae, Lettuce waikavirus 1Waikavirus ligustici, Ligusticum chuanxiong waikavirusWaikavirus mertensiae, Mertensia paniculata waikavirusWaikavirus oryzae, Rice tungro spherical virusWaikavirus pedicularis, Pedicularis rex waikavirusWaikavirus primulae, Primula vulgaris waikavirusWaikavirus ranunculi, Ranunculus cantoniensis waikavirusWaikavirus ribesnigri, Blackcurrant waikavirus AWaikavirus rosae, Sweetbriar rose curly top-associated virusWaikavirus thapsiae, Thapsia villosa waikavirusWaikavirus thymi, Thymus vulgaris waikavirusWaikavirus trifolii, Red clover-associated virus 1Waikavirus violae, Viola inconspicua waikavirusWaikavirus zeae, Maize chlorotic dwarf virus
Lastly, the species Waikavirus anthrisci is unassigned to a subgenus.

Structure

Viruses in Waikavirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genomes are linear, around 12kb in length.

Genus	Structure	Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
Waikavirus	Icosahedral	Pseudo T=3	Non-enveloped	Linear	Monopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement.
Plants, poaceae, cyperaceae, and gramineae serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector. Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
Waikavirus	Gramineae	Phloem; phloem parenchyma; bundle sheath	Viral movement	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical innocuation: aphids; mechanical innocuation: leafhoppers