Violant of Hungary
Violant of Hungary was the queen of Aragon from 1235 until 1251 as the second wife of King James I of Aragon. A member of the Hungarian House of Árpád, Queen Violant was a valuable and influential advisor of her husband. She remains in folk memory in Catalonia and Valencia.
Family
Violant was born at Esztergom circa 1215, the only child of King Andrew II of Hungary and his second wife, Yolanda of Courtenay. Violant married King James I of Aragon in 1235. James had already been married to [Eleanor of Kingdom of Castile|Castile (died 1244)|Eleanor of Castile], but he had this marriage annulled on the basis of consanguinity in 1229. He and Eleanor had a son, Alfonso, who was considered legitimate, but who died before James.James and Violant had ten children:
- Violant, Queen of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso X of Castile
- Constance
- Peter III of Aragon
- James II of Majorca
- Ferdinand
- Sancha
- Isabella, Queen of France by her marriage to Philip III of France
- Maria, nun
- Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo
- Eleanor
Queenship
A large number of Hungarian knights escorted the queen to her new homeland with the leadership of Denis of Hungary. Queen Violant was a woman of talent and character. Next to King James I, she had an important political role in the Crown of Aragon. She was one of the most valuable advisors of the king, on whom she had a strong influence. She intervened decisively in international agreements as important as the Treaty of Almizra with Castile. It was signed with the condition that Zayyan ibn Mardanish would surrender the city of Valencia, into which she triumphantly entered with her husband on 9 October 1238.Death and burial
Violant reportedly died in September 1251. Jerónimo Zurita, in his Anales de Aragon, mentions a discrepancy, and writes that while some annals state that Violant died in Santa María de Salas in 1251, others report that she lived longer, and that she only made her will and testament in Huesca in 1251. Zurita continues that her will stipulated her burial at Vallbona, bequeathed the county of Posana to her sons Peter, James, and Sancho, and mentioned that she had 5 daughters with the king.Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the Monastery of Santa Maria de Vallbona in Vallbona de les Monges, Catalonia. Violant chose burial in that monastery, as she was a benefactor. Her tomb, placed along the wall on the right of the chancel, is fairly simple. It is raised on two pillars decorated with individual gold crosses inscribed in red circles, and has a gabled lid of white stone. In the center of the lid is a cross with the same characteristics as those on the pillars, but larger and without color. The only ornamentations on the box itself are three depictions of her husband's royal coat of arms – one on the visible side and one at each end. The Queen's remains were moved to the tomb in 1275, as indicated by the inscription on the visible side of the box: Fuit translata donna | Violán regina | Aragonum | anno 1275. In 2002, the Hungarian government financed a restoration of her tomb, costing 12,000 euros, but the monastic community denied permission to study its interior. Violant is the only member of the Árpád dynasty whose remains are undisturbed.
James I remarried one more time, to Teresa Gil de Vidaure, who was previously his mistress.