Vilnius photometric system
Vilnius photometric system is a medium-band seven-colour photometric system, created in 1963 by Vytautas Straižys and his coworkers. This system was highly optimized for classification of stars from ground-based observations. The system was chosen to be medium-band, to ensure the possibility to measure faint stars.
Selection of bandpasses
The temperature classification of early-type stars is based on Balmer jump. To measure it one must have two bandpasses placed in the ultraviolet, one beyond the Balmer jump and another after the jump.The Y bandpass is near the breakpoint of the interstellar extinction law.
The P magnitude is placed exactly on the Balmer jump in order to provide separation for luminosity classes of B-A-F stars.
The Z magnitude is placed on the Mg I triplet and the MgH molecular band. It is sensitive to the luminosity classes of G-K-M stars.
The S bandpass coincides with H-alpha line position and provides information about emission or absorption phenomena in that line.
Finally, the V magnitude is chosen to coincide with a similar bandpass in the UBV system. It provides the possibility to relate these two photometric systems.
Normalization
Colour indices of the system were normalized to satisfy the condition:for un-reddened O-type stars.
Mean wavelength and half-widths of response functions
The following table shows the characteristics of each of the filters used :| U | P | X | Y | Z | V | S | |
| Mean wavelength | 345 | 374 | 405 | 466 | 516 | 544 | 656 |
| Half-width | 40 | 26 | 22 | 26 | 21 | 26 | 20 |