Turned g
Turned g is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed by rotating g 180°. It is used to transliterate the Georgian letter ჹ. ჹ itself is the Georgian letter გ "g" rotated.
Usage
In 1844, created his Anti-absurd or Phenotypic alphabet, featuring turned g for the diphthong.In 1880, John Wesley Powell created a phonetic transcription for transcribing Native American languages in publications of the Smithsonian Institution. In the transcriptions, turned letters were used as supplementary characters.
In 1900, turned g was a proposed phonetic symbol in the International Phonetic Association’s Exposé des principes to represent a voiceless laminal closed postalveolar sibilant, as found in Adyghe, and other Northwest Caucasian languages.
Franz Boas used turned g to represent the voiced velar fricative in his transcription of the Kwakʼwala language, published in American Anthropologist in 1900.
In 1921, and used turned g in their phonetic transcription, notably in ' published in 1892 or the dictionary ' published in 1921.
In 1929, Tadeusz Jan Kowalski used the turned g and turned k in Karaim language texts to represent an alveolar plosive pronounced as a velar plosive before the vowel. Omeljan Pritsak reused this in a 1959 Karaim work.
Turned g represents a in the transcription of the Tabasaran language by in his book Табасаранский язык: Исследование и тексты published in 1965.
A rotated capital G has sometimes been used as a substitute for the similar-looking eng. The capital has not been encoded in Unicode, but the character Turned sans serif capital G U+2141 may look similar to it in sans serif fonts.