Tupari languages

The Tuparí languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family.

Internal classification

The Tupari languages are:

None are spoken by more than a few hundred people.
A more recent internal classification by Nikulin & Andrade is given below:

Below is a list of Tupari language varieties listed by Loukotka, including names of unattested varieties.

Tupari
*Macuráp group
**Macuráp - spoken at the sources of the Colorado River (Rondônia).
**Kanuːa / Koaratíra / Canoê - spoken in the valley of Apidía and on the middle course of the Rio Verde (Guaporé [River tributary, Rondônia)|Verde River], Rondônia.
**Amniapé - spoken at the sources of the Mequéns River.
**Guaratégaja / Mequen - spoken at the sources of the Rio Verde (Guaporé River [tributary, Rondônia)|Verde River] and Mequéns River in the same region.
**Kabishiana - spoken between the Corumbiara River and Verde River, Rondônia.
**Wayoró / Wyarú - spoken at the sources of the Terevinto River and Colorado River (Rondônia).
**Apichum - spoken in the same region but exact location unknown.
**Tupari / Wakaraü - once spoken on the upper course of the Branco River or São Simão River, the same territory; now probably extinct.
*Kepkeriwát group
**Kepkeriwát / Quepi-quiri-uate - spoken on the right bank of the Pimenta Bueno River.

Proto-Tuparí reconstructions by Moore and Vilacy Galucio :

In all Tuparian languages, the main clauses follow the cross-linguistically rare nominative–absolutive pattern. Person prefixes on the verb are absolutive, i.e., they index the sole argument of an intransitive verb and the patient argument of a transitive verb. Person pronouns, which follow the verb are nominative: they may encode the sole argument of an intransitive verb or the agent argument of a transitive verb, but not the patient of a transitive verb. The example below is from Wayoró.