Mactridae
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone.
Ecology
Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates.
Subfamilies and genera
According to the World Register of Marine Species, this family contains 56 genera and is split into the following subfamilies:
Darcinia Clark, 1946Darina J. E. Gray, 1853
Eastonia J. E. Gray, 1853Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855Lutraria Lamarck, 1799Meropesta Iredale, 1929Standella J. E. Gray, 1853Tresus J. E. Gray, 1853Zenatia J. E. Gray, 1853Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963
Allomactra Tomlin, 1931Austromactra Iredale, 1930Barymactra Cossmann, 1909Coelomactra Dall, 1895Crassula Marwick, 1948Cyclomactra Dall, 1895Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930Harvella J. E. Gray, 1853Huberimactra Cosel & Gofas, 2018Leptospisula Dall, 1895Mactra Linnaeus, 1767Mactrella J. E. Gray, 1853Mactrellona J. G. Marks, 1951Mactrinula J. E. Gray, 1853Mactromeris Conrad, 1868Mactrotoma Dall, 1894Maorimactra H. J. Finlay, 1928Mulinia J. E. Gray, 1837Oxyperas Mörch, 1853Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866Rangia Desmoulins, 1832Sarmatimactra Korobkov, 1954Scalpomactra H. J. Finlay, 1928Scissodesma Gray, 1837Simomactra Dall, 1894Spisula J. E. Gray, 1837Trinitasia Maury, 1928Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935Mactrona Marwick, 1952Petromactra Saul, 1973
Resania J. E. Gray, 1853
Tanysiphon W. H. Benson, 1858
Aktschagylia Starobogatov, 1970Aliomactra Stephenson, 1952Andrussella Korobkov, 1954Avimactra Andrusov, 1905Caspimactra A. A. Ali-Zade & Kabakova, 1969Chersonimactra Paramonova, 1978Cryptomactra Andrussow, 1902Cymbophora Gabb, 1869Eopapyrina Woodring, 1982Geltena Stephenson, 1946Ionesimactra Signorelli, 2023Kirghizella Andrusov, 1902Mactrodesma Conrad, 1869Mactrona Marwick, 1952Mulinoides Olsson, 1944Nelltia Stephenson, 1952Nymphactra Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992Ovamactra Woodring, 1982Petromactra Saul, 1973Planimactra Ionesi, 1986Podolimactra Ionesi, 1986Praerangia Cossmann, 1908Priscomactra Stephenson, 1952Pseudomactra Steklov, 1960Pteroluter Saul, 1973Stereomactra Stewart, 1930Stiphromactra Böhm, 1929Tenuimactra Garvie, 1996Willimactra Saul, 1973Zenatiopsis Tate, 1880