Triazolium salt



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Triazolium salts


Two isomeric groups of triazolium salts based on different central triazole rings


Triazolium salts are chemical compounds based on the substituted triazole structural element. They are composed of a cation based on a heterocyclic five-membered ring with three nitrogen atoms, two of which are functionalized and a corresponding counterion. Depending on the arrangement of the three nitrogen atoms the triazolium salts are divided into two isomers, namely 1,3,4-trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazolium salts as well as 1,2,4-triazolium salts. They are precursors for the preparation of N-heterocylcic carbenes.

1,3,4-trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazolium salts

1,3,4-trisubstituted-1,2,3-triaolium salts can be synthesized from 3,4-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazol molecule by quaternization of the 1 nitrogen. This quaternization can be done by reaction with alkyl iodides yielding the corresponding 1,3,4-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazolium salt with iodine. Similarly 1,3,5-trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazolium salts can be obtained from 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazol.

1,4-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazolium salts

1,4-disubstituted 1,2,4-triaolium salts can be synthesized from 4-substituted 1,2,4-triazol molecule by quaternization of the 1 nitrogen. This quaternization can be done by reaction with alkyl iodides yielding the corresponding 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazolium salt with iodine.