Timeline of the 2001 insurgency in Macedonia

Combatants

NLA — National Liberation Army
ANA — Albanian National Army
ARM — Macedonian Army
MVR — Ministry of Interior
NATO — North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Organizations

ICTY — International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
OSCE — Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
HRW — Human Rights Watch

Background

6 November 1992; Bit Pazar shooting, three Albanian civilians and one Macedonian civilian killed by police.
15 February 1995: Opening of an illegal Albanian university in Mala Rečica, 1 Albanian civilian was killed in clashes with the police.
9 July 1997; Unrest in Gostivar and Tetovo over use of Albanian flags.
23 March 1998; Macedonian Albanians issue a call to arms during the Kosovo War.
11 January 2000; Ambush near Aračinovo, where three Macedonian policemen were killed, with ANA claiming responsibility.

Insurgency

22 January 2001; Tearce attack, NLA victory.
26 January 2001; Bomb attack on Skopje-Kičevo train, with NLA claiming responsibility.
26 February 2001 – 1 March 2001; Battle of Tanuševci, NLA victory.
4 March 2001; Ambush near Tanuševci, NLA victory.
8 March 2001; Tanuševci operation, NATO-ARM victory.
10 March 2001; Brest attack, NLA victory.
13 March 2001; Democratic Party of Albanians organized a peace rally in Skopje.
14 March 2001, heavy fighting in and around Tetovo. Mass meeting organized on the same day in the city by Albanian non-governmental organizations Organization of Albanian Women, the Civil Rights Forum and the Association of Political Prisoners under the slogan "Stop Macedonian government terror against Albanians."
16 March–13 August 2001; Battle of Tetovo, ceasefire.
20 March 2001; Macedonian government gave NLA a twenty-hour ultimatum to leave Macedonia.
22 March 2001; Macedonian troops kill father and son during a police search in Tetovo.
25–27 March 2001; Operation MH, ARM victory.
28–29 March 2001; Operation MH-1, ARM victory.
14 April 2001; An anti-tank mine killed one and wounded three British soldiers in their armored personnel carrier in the village of Krivenik near Kosovo's border with Macedonia.
28 April 2001; Vejce ambush, NLA victory.
3 May–6 June 2001; Battle of Vaksince, NLA victory.
3 May–11 June 2001; Battle of Slupčane, NLA victory.
3 May–11 June 2001; Battle of Orizare, NLA victory.
8 May–11 June 2001; Lipkovo crisis, NLA victory.
8 May 2001; Operation MH-2, Operation halted.
1 June 2001; Lisec clashes
26 May 2001; Macedonian forces seize the deserted Lojane and Vaksince.
24 May–6 June 2001; Battle of Matejče, NLA victory.
5 June 2001; Ambush near Gajre, NLA victory.
6 June 2001; Anti-Muslim riots in Bitola with ethnic Macedonian crowds setting homes and shops on fire, desecrated Muslim graves and defaced a mosque with swastikas and made anti-Albanian graffiti containing "Death to the Šiptars."
12–25 June 2001; Aračinovo crisis, ceasefire.
20 June–13 August 2001; Battle of Raduša, ceasefire.
27 June–5 July 2001; Battle of Nikuštak, ceasefire.
7 August 2001; 2001 Skopje police raid, MVR victory.
8 August 2001; Karpalak ambush, NLA and ANA victory.
8–9 August; Anti-Albanian protests after ambush near Karpalak
10 and 12 August 2001; Ljuboten incident, 8 Macedonian soldiers killed by NLA and 10 Albanian civilians killed by the Macedonian police led by Johan Tarčulovski.
13 August 2001; Ohrid Agreement.

Aftermath

22 August 2001; Operation Essential Harvest, NATO success, NLA disarmed by NATO forces
1 September 2001; Hundreds of ethnic Macedonians, mainly internally displaced people, protested in front of the government building in Skopje against NATO's alleged pro-Albanian involvement and to keep members of parliament from initiating parliamentary procedures for the implementation of the Ohrid agreement.
22 September 2001 – 15 December 2002; Operation Amber Fox
11 November 2001; Ambush near Treboš
17 November 2001; Constitutional amendments of the Ohrid agreement adopted by parliament.