Timeline of climbing the Matterhorn

Timeline

1857

July: First known attempt by Jean-Antoine Carrel, Jean-Jacques Carrel, and Amé Gorret.

1858

August: Attempt by J. A. and J. J. Carrel. The Grande Tour is reached.

1860

July 2: Attempt from Zermatt by Charles, Alfred and Sandbach Parker
August: Attempt by John Tyndall, Vaughan Hawkins, J. J. Carrel

1861

July 4: Second attempt by the Parker brothers
August 29: J. A. and J. J. Carrel. The Crête du Coq is reached
August 29–30: First attempt by Edward Whymper and Swiss guide

1862

January: First winter attempt by Thomas Stuart Kennedy guided by Peter Perren and Peter Taugwalder
July 7–8: Attempt by E. Whymper, Reginald J. S. MacDonald, Johann zum Taugwald, Johann Krönig, Luc Meynet
July 9–10: Attempt by E. Whymper, R. J. S. MacDonald, J. A. Carrel, Pession
July 18–19: Solo attempt by E. Whymper
July 23–24: Attempt by E. Whymper, J. A. Carrel, César Carrel, L. Meynet
July 25–26: Attempt by E. Whymper, L. Meynet
July 27–28: Attempt by J. Tyndall,, Anton Walters, J. A. Carrel, C. Carrel. The Shoulder is reached

1863

August 10–11: Attempt by E. Whymper, J. A. Carrel, C. Carrel, L. Meynet and two porters

1865

June 21: Attempt from the south east face by E. Whymper, Michel Croz, Christian Almer, Franz Biner, L. Meynet
July: Attempt by J. A. Carrel, C. Carrel, Charles Gorret,. Pic Tyndall, 4258 mJuly 14: First ascent by E. Whymper, Francis Douglas, Charles Hudson, Douglas Hadow, Michel Croz, P. Taugwalder, Peter Taugwalder. Death of Douglas, Hudson, Hadow and Croz on the descent.
July 17: Second ascent and first from the Italian side by J.-A. Carrel and Jean-Baptiste Bich. A. Gorret, of the 1857 attempt, and Jean-Augustin Meynet stop just short of the summit.

1867

August 15: 3rd ascent. Second ascent from Breuil by J. A. Carrel, J. B. Bich, and Salomon Meynet guiding Florence Crauford Grove.
September 13: 4th ascent: First direct ascent of the Lion ridge as it is climbed today by Jean-Joseph and Jean-Pierre Maquignaz.
October 1–3: 5th ascent: From Breuil. J. J. and J. P. Maquignaz, C. Carrel and François Ansermin guiding William Leighton Jordan.

1868

July 25: 6th ascent: Second ascent via the Hörnli ridge by and guiding Julius Elliot.
July 28: 7th ascent: First traverse of the summit by J. Tyndall, J. J. and J. P. Maquignaz.
August 4: 8th ascent Second traverse of the summit by J. J. Maquignaz, Victor Maquignaz and Elie Pession guiding François Thioly and O. Hoiler.
August 3–4: 9th ascent: P. Knubel, Hans Baumann, Peter Bernett guiding George Edward Foster.
August 8: 10th ascent: J. M. Lochmatter, P. Knubel and Niklaus Knubel guiding Paul Güssfeldt.

1869

July 20: 15th ascent: J. A. Carrel, J. B. Bich, Alphonse Payot and guiding James Eccles.
August 26: 16th ascent: Ascent of the Lion ridge by Joseph, Pierre and Emmanuel Maquignaz and B. Bich guiding Robert Boothby Heathcote; it was on this occasion that the guides fixed at the last bit the rope ladder which was called the Echelle Jordan, from the name of its donor.

1871

July 22: First ascent by a woman: Lucy Walker reached the summit with her father Frank Walker and Frederick Gardiner, guided by Heinrich and Melchior Anderegg, N. Knubel, P. Knubel and P. Perren.
September 5: First traverse by a woman: Meta Brevoort with W.A.B. Coolidge guided by Christian Almer, Ulrich Almer and N. Knubel.

1872

July 26: Traverse Breuil-summit-Zermatt in 18 hours by J. J. Maquignaz and Anton Ritz guiding J. Jackson.

1876

July 23: First ascent without mountain guides by John Brise Colgrove, Albert Harold Cawood and Arthur Cust.

1879

September 3: First ascent via the Zmutt ridge by Albert F. Mummery, Alexander Burgener, Johann Petrus and Augustin Gentinetta.
* One hour later William Penhall, and Louis Zurbrücken finished the first ascent over the west face
September 6: Second ascent of the Zmutt ridge by Baumann with guides J. Petrus and Émile Rey.

1880

July 16: A. Burgener, Benedikt Venetz and A. F. Mummery attempted the first ascent of the Furggen ridge. At the level of the Swiss Shoulder they were forced to traverse along the east face to the Swiss ridge, to climb to the summit by the ordinary route.

1881

August 4: Ascent by future US President Theodore Roosevelt, guided by Taugwalder.

1882

March 16: First winter ascent by J. A. Carrel, J. Baptiste Carrel and Louis Carrel guiding Vittorio Sella. Descent via the Hörnli ridge.

1889

Ascent by Achille Ratti

1894

Polish ascent by Marian Smoluchowski and other team.

1895

August 25: Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi, A. F. Mummery and J. Norman Collie made the ascent with the guide Josef Pollinger.
August 31: First descent of the Zmutt ridge by Matthias Zurbriggen and J. Pollinger guiding Lily Bristow.

1898

First solo ascent by.

1906

September 1: First solo ascent of the Zmutt ridge by.

1911

September 9: First ascent via the Furggen ridge by Mario Piacenza with guides Jean-Joseph Carrel and Joseph Gaspard.
January 31: First winter ascent via the Hörnli ridge by Charles Francis Meade with the guides Josef Lochmatter and J. Pollinger.

1923

August 12: Attempt on the north face by and Franz Piekielko. The summit was reached via the Hörnli ridge.

1928

August: Attempt on the north face by Kaspar Mooser and Victor Imboden.

1931

August 1: First ascent of the north face by the brothers Franz and Toni Schmid.
October 15: First ascent of the south face by Enzo Benedetti with guides Louis Carrel and Maurice Bich.

1932

August 12–13: First all-female unguided ascent by Miriam Underhill and Alice Damesme.
September 19: First complete ascent of the east face by Enzo Benedetti and Giuseppe Mazzotti with guides Louis and Lucien Carrel, M. Bich and Antoine Gaspard.

1934

Paul Petzoldt traversed the Matterhorn and then retraced his route over the summit on the same day.

1936

First winter solo ascent via the Hörnli ridge by Giusto Gervasutti.

1948

March 25: First winter ascent via the Zmutt ridge by Henri Masson and Edmund Petrig.

1950

August 19: First ascent by a cat. It climbed up entirely unaided, but made its descent in a guide's rucksack.

1959

July 22: First solo ascent of the north face by Dieter Marchart.

1961

Fast ascent by Ian Angell in 3 hours and 25 minutes.

1962

February 4: First winter ascent of the north face by Hilti von Allmen and.
August 13: First complete ascent of the west face by Renato Daguin and Giovanni Ottin. All faces and ridges have been completely ascended

1965

February 22: In winter and alone, Walter Bonatti climbs a direct new route on the north face, the "North Face Direct". Bonatti set off on February 18, accompanied by three friends in order to simulate an ordinary day of alpine skiing. He prepared himself in secret behind a boulder, then for the next four days struggled against solitude, cold and technical difficulties.
July 13: Yvette Vaucher, climbing with her husband Michel Vaucher, becomes the first woman to climb the Matterhorn's north face.

1969

Ascent of the north face by Jean Troillet in 4 hours and 10 minutes.

1970

August Attempted ascent of the Swiss side of the Matterhorn by Japanese climbers Michio Oikawa and Masayuki Kobayashi who disappeared. Remains found in Sept 2014 and identified in August 2015

1971

December 23: First winter ascent via the south face by Arturo Squinobal and Oreste Squinobal.

1975

February 28: First winter ascent via the east face by René Arnold, Guido Bumann and Candide Pralong.

1977

February 16: First winter solo ascent of the Schmid route on the north face by Tsuneo Hasegawa.

1978

January 11: First winter ascent of the west face by Rolando Albertini, Marco Barmasse, Innocenzo Menabreaz, Leo Pession, A. Squinobal, O. Squinobal and Augusto Tamone. Death of Rolando Albertini.
March 10: First winter all-female ascent of the north face, the Schmid route, by Polish team Anna Czerwińska, Irena Kęsa, Krystyna Palmowska and Wanda Rutkiewicz.

1990

Mountain guide Ulrich Inderbinen makes his 370th and last ascent of the Matterhorn, before his 90th birthday.

1992

August 20: Hans Kammerlander and climb the Matterhorn four times in 23 hours and 26 minutes. The route they followed was: Zmutt ridge–summit–Hörnli ridge –Furggen ridge–summit–Lion ridge –Lion ridge–summit–Hörnli ridge –Hörnli ridge–summit–Hörnli Hut.

1994

March 11: Second ascent of the North Face Direct, and first female ascent, by Catherine Destivelle.

1995

August 17: Bruno Brunod sprints up and down the Lion ridge from Breuil, ascending and descending 2469 vertical meters in 3hrs and 14 minutes.

2007

September 6: Mountain guides Simon Anthamatten and Michael Lerjen, both of Zermatt, ascended and descended the Hörnli ridge in a record retour of 2 hours and 33 minutes.

2009

January 13: Ueli Steck climbs the classic Schmid route on the north face in 1 hour and 56 minutes.
June: Swiss mountain guide Jean Troillet climbs a 600 meters new route on the north face.

2011

August 23: Andreas Steindl runs 2915 vertical meters from Zollhaus, Zermatt, up the Matterhorn over the Hörnli ridge in a record time of 2 hours and 57 minutes.

2013

August 21: Kilian Jornet sprints up and down the shortest ridge of the Matterhorn in 2 hours and 52 minute, breaking Brunod's Lion ridge run from Breuil by 22 minutes

2015

April 22: Dani Arnold climbs the classic Schmid route on the North Face in a one-hour and 46 minutes, 10 minutes faster than Ueli Steck in 2009.