Timeline of Aleppo

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aleppo, Syria.

Prior to 10th century

Founded before 2000 BCE
1800–1525 BCE – part of the Amorite dynasty
333 BCE – Alexander the Great in power.
286 BCE – Hellenic settlement of Beroea established.
88 BCE – City becomes part of Kingdom of Armenia.
64 BCE – City becomes part of Roman Syria.
611 CE – Persian Chosroes II in power.
637
* July–October: Siege of Aleppo by Muslim forces.
* Al-Shuaibiyah Mosque built.
717 – Great Mosque built.

10th–12th centuries

944 – Sayf al-Dawla in power.
962 – City sacked by the Byzantines.
1086 - Aleppo submit to the rule of Malik-Shah, the Turkish ruler of the Seljuk Empire
1094 – After defeating opposing Seljuk governor Aq Sunqur, Tutush becomes ruler of the city.
1124 – City besieged by Christian crusaders under Baldwin II of Jerusalem.
1124 – Al-Halawiyah Madrasa built.
1138 – 11 October: Earthquake was one of deadliest of all time.
1168 – Al-Muqaddamiyah Madrasa established.
1170 – 29 June: Earthquake.
1183 – Saladin assumes power.
1193
* Az-Zahir Ghazi in power.
* Al-Shadbakhtiyah Madrasa built.

13th century

1211 – Hammam al-Sultan built.
1212 – Bab al-Nasr rebuilt.
1218 – Aqueduct restored.
1223 – Al-Sultaniyah Madrasa established.
1230 – Bab al-Maqam built.
1236 – Al-Firdaws Madrasa established.
1237
* Khanqah al-Farafira and Al-Kameliyah Madrasa built.
* Bab al-Nairab built.
1242 – Al-Sharafiyah Madrasa built.
1251 – Al-Turantaiyah Madrasa built.
1256 – Bab Qinnasrin rebuilt.
1260 – City besieged by Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan.
1280 – City besieged by Mongol forces.

14th–15th centuries

1303 – Mahmandar Mosque built.
1318 – Altun Bogha Mosque built.
1350 – Al-Sahibiyah Mosque built.
1354 – Bimaristan Arghun al-Kamili active.
1398 – Al-Otrush Mosque and Al-Tawashi mosque built.
1400 – City sacked by forces of Timur of Transoxia.
1427 – Citadel expanded.
1418 – Central Synagogue rebuilt.
1425 – Al-Saffahiyah Mosque built.
1429 – Forty Martyrs Cathedral consecrated.
1450
* Khan al-Qadi active in Al-Madina Souq.
* Hammam al-Bayadah built.
1472 – Khan al-Burghul built in Al-Madina Souq.
1491 – Hammam Yalbugha built.
1500
* Cathedral of Our Lady of Syrians built.
* Church of the Dormition of Our Lady renovated.

16th century

1509 – Bab al-Hadid rebuilt.
1516 – Ottoman Selim I in power.
1517 – Becomes part of Ottoman Empire.
1534 – City becomes capital of Aleppo Eyalet.
1537 – Population: 80,000.
1539 – Souq Khan al-Nahhaseen built in Al-Madina Souq.
1546 – Khan al-Shouneh built in Al-Madina Souq.
1547 – Khusruwiyah Mosque built.
1548 – Consulate of Republic of Venice established.
1557 – Al-Adiliyah Mosque built.
1562 – Consulate of France established.
1583 – Consulate of England established.

17th–18th centuries

1603 – Beit Wakil built.
1622 – Levant Company in business.
1613 – Consulate of the Netherlands established.
1629 – Guild of "makers of swords, knives, daggers, bows, and shields" organized.
1682 - Souq Khan al-Wazir built in Al-Madina Souq.
1683 - Population: 115,000.
1706 - Printing press established.
1724 – Al-Ahmadiyah Madrasa established.
1730 – Madrasa Ridaiya established.

19th century

1805 – Uprising.
1812 – Earthquake; citadel collapses.
1814 – "Janissary massacre."
1822 – Earthquake.
1823
* Cholera outbreak.
* Population: 250,000.
1827 – Plague.
1830 – Earthquake.
1832
* Ibrahim Pasha takes city for Muhammad Ali of Egypt.
* Cholera outbreak.
1834 – [Aleppo Citadel of Aleppo|Citadel Museum|Military barracks] built in the Citadel.
1840 – Mohammed Ali relinquishes power.
1850
* City besieged by Beduins.
* Massacre of Aleppo (1850).
1853 – Pogrom of Jews.
1858 – Population: 70,000.
1859 – Terre-Sainte College opens.
1864 – City becomes capital of Aleppo Vilayet.
1868 – Municipal council formed.
1873 – Saint Elias Cathedral built.
1875 – Pogrom of Jews.
1878 – Population: 95,000.
1885 – Aleppo chamber of commerce founded.
1892 – Thanawiyyat al-Ma'mun opens.
1899 - Bab al-Faraj Clock Tower built.

20th century

1901 – Ades Synagogue established.
1906 – Hama-Aleppo railway in operation.
1909 – Abd al-Wahab al-Inklizi becomes mayor.
1910
* Nadi al-Ta'ddud founded.
* Population: 130,000.
1911 – Baron Hotel in business.
1912 – Baghdad Railway in operation.
1916 – Aleppo College established.
1918 – Ihsan al-Jabiri becomes mayor.
1920 - Syria mandated to the French; city becomes capital of State of Aleppo.
1922 - Red Hand Society organized.
1924
* Damascus and Aleppo united by the French.
* Airport in operation.
* Municipal library established.
1925 – Al-Yarmouk Sporting Club formed.
1927 – al-Hadith journal begins publication.
1931 - National Museum of Aleppo founded.
1933 - Grand Serail d'Alep opens.
1936 - al-Nazir newspaper begins publication.
1945
* National Library of Aleppo and Club d'Alep open.
1947 - Pogrom of Jews.
1948
* People's Party established.
* Al-Baladi Stadium opens.
1949
* Aleppo Public Park created.
* Al-Ittihad Sports Club and Jalaa FC formed.
1950
* Population: 362,500.
* al-Nass newspaper begins publication.
1952 – Hurriya Sporting Club formed.
1958 – University of Aleppo established.
1963 – Nasserist insurgency.
1964 – Population: 547,030.
1965 – Chemins de Fer Syriens headquartered in city.
1970
* Our Lady of Assumption church opens.
* Population: 639,428.
1971 – Statue of Qustaki al-Himsi erected in Liberty Square.
1975 – Popular Traditions Museum opens in Beit Achiqbash.
1977 – International School of Aleppo established.
1979 – Aleppo Artillery School massacre took place by Muslim Brotherhood.
1980 – Siege of Aleppo.
1983 – International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas seed bank founded.
1985 – Population: 1,145,117.
1986 – Al-Hamadaniah Stadium opens.
1990 – Population: 1,216,000.
1994
* Aleppo Citadel Museum opens.
* Population: 1,542,000.
1997 – Lycée Français d'Alep established.

21st century

2002 – Private University of Science and Arts established.
2004 – Population: 2,132,100.
2006 – City designated an Islamic Capital of Culture.
2007 – Aleppo International Stadium opens.
2008
* Sabah Fakhri Institute of music opened.
* Population: 4,450,000.
2012
* 10 February: Bombings.
* 18 March: Bombing.
* 4 May: Protest and crackdown.
* 19 July: Battle of Aleppo begins.
* 9 September: Bombing near the 7 April Stadium.
* 3 October: Bombing in Saadallah Al-Jabiri Square.
2013
* 15 January: Aleppo University bombings.
* 19 March: Chemical weapon attack by militants.
2016
* 22 December: Battle of Aleppo ends.
2020
* 16 February: Syrian Armed Forces recapture the entire city of Aleppo.
2024
* 30 November: Syrian opposition forces capture most of the city in a surprise offensive.