Timeline of Aleppo
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aleppo, Syria.
Prior to 10th century
- Founded before 2000 BCE
- 1800–1525 BCE – part of the Amorite dynasty
- 333 BCE – Alexander the Great in power.
- 286 BCE – Hellenic settlement of Beroea established.
- 88 BCE – City becomes part of Kingdom of Armenia.
- 64 BCE – City becomes part of Roman Syria.
- 611 CE – Persian Chosroes II in power.
- 637
- * July–October: Siege of Aleppo by Muslim forces.
- * Al-Shuaibiyah Mosque built.
- 717 – Great Mosque built.
10th–12th centuries
- 944 – Sayf al-Dawla in power.
- 962 – City sacked by the Byzantines.
- 1086 - Aleppo submit to the rule of Malik-Shah, the Turkish ruler of the Seljuk Empire
- 1094 – After defeating opposing Seljuk governor Aq Sunqur, Tutush becomes ruler of the city.
- 1124 – City besieged by Christian crusaders under Baldwin II of Jerusalem.
- 1124 – Al-Halawiyah Madrasa built.
- 1138 – 11 October: Earthquake was one of deadliest of all time.
- 1168 – Al-Muqaddamiyah Madrasa established.
- 1170 – 29 June: Earthquake.
- 1183 – Saladin assumes power.
- 1193
- * Az-Zahir Ghazi in power.
- * Al-Shadbakhtiyah Madrasa built.
13th century
- 1211 – Hammam al-Sultan built.
- 1212 – Bab al-Nasr rebuilt.
- 1218 – Aqueduct restored.
- 1223 – Al-Sultaniyah Madrasa established.
- 1230 – Bab al-Maqam built.
- 1236 – Al-Firdaws Madrasa established.
- 1237
- * Khanqah al-Farafira and Al-Kameliyah Madrasa built.
- * Bab al-Nairab built.
- 1242 – Al-Sharafiyah Madrasa built.
- 1251 – Al-Turantaiyah Madrasa built.
- 1256 – Bab Qinnasrin rebuilt.
- 1260 – City besieged by Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan.
- 1280 – City besieged by Mongol forces.
14th–15th centuries
- 1303 – Mahmandar Mosque built.
- 1318 – Altun Bogha Mosque built.
- 1350 – Al-Sahibiyah Mosque built.
- 1354 – Bimaristan Arghun al-Kamili active.
- 1398 – Al-Otrush Mosque and Al-Tawashi mosque built.
- 1400 – City sacked by forces of Timur of Transoxia.
- 1427 – Citadel expanded.
- 1418 – Central Synagogue rebuilt.
- 1425 – Al-Saffahiyah Mosque built.
- 1429 – Forty Martyrs Cathedral consecrated.
- 1450
- * Khan al-Qadi active in Al-Madina Souq.
- * Hammam al-Bayadah built.
- 1472 – Khan al-Burghul built in Al-Madina Souq.
- 1491 – Hammam Yalbugha built.
- 1500
- * Cathedral of Our Lady of Syrians built.
- * Church of the Dormition of Our Lady renovated.
16th century
- 1509 – Bab al-Hadid rebuilt.
- 1516 – Ottoman Selim I in power.
- 1517 – Becomes part of Ottoman Empire.
- 1534 – City becomes capital of Aleppo Eyalet.
- 1537 – Population: 80,000.
- 1539 – Souq Khan al-Nahhaseen built in Al-Madina Souq.
- 1546 – Khan al-Shouneh built in Al-Madina Souq.
- 1547 – Khusruwiyah Mosque built.
- 1548 – Consulate of Republic of Venice established.
- 1557 – Al-Adiliyah Mosque built.
- 1562 – Consulate of France established.
- 1583 – Consulate of England established.
17th–18th centuries
- 1603 – Beit Wakil built.
- 1622 – Levant Company in business.
- 1613 – Consulate of the Netherlands established.
- 1629 – Guild of "makers of swords, knives, daggers, bows, and shields" organized.
- 1682 - Souq Khan al-Wazir built in Al-Madina Souq.
- 1683 - Population: 115,000.
- 1706 - Printing press established.
- 1724 – Al-Ahmadiyah Madrasa established.
- 1730 – Madrasa Ridaiya established.
19th century
- 1805 – Uprising.
- 1812 – Earthquake; citadel collapses.
- 1814 – "Janissary massacre."
- 1822 – Earthquake.
- 1823
- * Cholera outbreak.
- * Population: 250,000.
- 1827 – Plague.
- 1830 – Earthquake.
- 1832
- * Ibrahim Pasha takes city for Muhammad Ali of Egypt.
- * Cholera outbreak.
- 1834 – [Aleppo Citadel of Aleppo|Citadel Museum|Military barracks] built in the Citadel.
- 1840 – Mohammed Ali relinquishes power.
- 1850
- * City besieged by Beduins.
- * Massacre of Aleppo (1850).
- 1853 – Pogrom of Jews.
- 1858 – Population: 70,000.
- 1859 – Terre-Sainte College opens.
- 1864 – City becomes capital of Aleppo Vilayet.
- 1868 – Municipal council formed.
- 1873 – Saint Elias Cathedral built.
- 1875 – Pogrom of Jews.
- 1878 – Population: 95,000.
- 1885 – Aleppo chamber of commerce founded.
- 1892 – Thanawiyyat al-Ma'mun opens.
- 1899 - Bab al-Faraj Clock Tower built.
20th century
- 1901 – Ades Synagogue established.
- 1906 – Hama-Aleppo railway in operation.
- 1909 – Abd al-Wahab al-Inklizi becomes mayor.
- 1910
- * Nadi al-Ta'ddud founded.
- * Population: 130,000.
- 1911 – Baron Hotel in business.
- 1912 – Baghdad Railway in operation.
- 1916 – Aleppo College established.
- 1918 – Ihsan al-Jabiri becomes mayor.
- 1920 - Syria mandated to the French; city becomes capital of State of Aleppo.
- 1922 - Red Hand Society organized.
- 1924
- * Damascus and Aleppo united by the French.
- * Airport in operation.
- * Municipal library established.
- 1925 – Al-Yarmouk Sporting Club formed.
- 1927 – al-Hadith journal begins publication.
- 1931 - National Museum of Aleppo founded.
- 1933 - Grand Serail d'Alep opens.
- 1936 - al-Nazir newspaper begins publication.
- 1945
- * National Library of Aleppo and Club d'Alep open.
- 1947 - Pogrom of Jews.
- 1948
- * People's Party established.
- * Al-Baladi Stadium opens.
- 1949
- * Aleppo Public Park created.
- * Al-Ittihad Sports Club and Jalaa FC formed.
- 1950
- * Population: 362,500.
- * al-Nass newspaper begins publication.
- 1952 – Hurriya Sporting Club formed.
- 1958 – University of Aleppo established.
- 1963 – Nasserist insurgency.
- 1964 – Population: 547,030.
- 1965 – Chemins de Fer Syriens headquartered in city.
- 1970
- * Our Lady of Assumption church opens.
- * Population: 639,428.
- 1971 – Statue of Qustaki al-Himsi erected in Liberty Square.
- 1975 – Popular Traditions Museum opens in Beit Achiqbash.
- 1977 – International School of Aleppo established.
- 1979 – Aleppo Artillery School massacre took place by Muslim Brotherhood.
- 1980 – Siege of Aleppo.
- 1983 – International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas seed bank founded.
- 1985 – Population: 1,145,117.
- 1986 – Al-Hamadaniah Stadium opens.
- 1990 – Population: 1,216,000.
- 1994
- * Aleppo Citadel Museum opens.
- * Population: 1,542,000.
- 1997 – Lycée Français d'Alep established.
21st century
- 2002 – Private University of Science and Arts established.
- 2004 – Population: 2,132,100.
- 2006 – City designated an Islamic Capital of Culture.
- 2007 – Aleppo International Stadium opens.
- 2008
- * Sabah Fakhri Institute of music opened.
- * Population: 4,450,000.
- 2012
- * 10 February: Bombings.
- * 18 March: Bombing.
- * 4 May: Protest and crackdown.
- * 19 July: Battle of Aleppo begins.
- * 9 September: Bombing near the 7 April Stadium.
- * 3 October: Bombing in Saadallah Al-Jabiri Square.
- 2013
- * 15 January: Aleppo University bombings.
- * 19 March: Chemical weapon attack by militants.
- 2016
- * 22 December: Battle of Aleppo ends.
- 2020
- * 16 February: Syrian Armed Forces recapture the entire city of Aleppo.
- 2024
- * 30 November: Syrian opposition forces capture most of the city in a surprise offensive.