Thuingaleng Muivah
Thuingaleng Muivah is a Naga nationalist politician and General Secretary of the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (I-M).
Early career
He joined the Naga National Council, an armed group campaigning for secession of Nagaland from India. He subsequently became the General Secretary of NNC. When a group of NNC leaders signed the Shillong Accord of 1975 with the Government of India, Muviah and some others denounced them as traitors.NNC to NSCN
In 1980, a faction led by Isak Chishi Swu, S. S. Khaplang and Muivah broke away from NNC to form the National Socialist Council of Nagalim. The NSCN was formed as a result of discontentment with the Shillong Accord, and continued secessionist activities abandoned by the NNC. The group later split into NSCN led by Swu and Muivah, and NSCN led by Khaplang due to major disagreements.Peace talks
NSCN under the leadership of Muivah and Isak Chishi Swu signed a ceasefire agreement with the Government of India in August 1997 after decades of engaging in hostile fighting with Indian security forces. The major breakthrough of the peace talk happened on 3 August 2015 with the signing of a peace accord between Muivah-led NSCN and the Narendra Modi-led Indian Government.In 2010, the Manipur state government barred Muivah from returning to his native Ukhrul District, which he had not visited since 1973, triggering large-scale deadly protests. He was finally allowed to return in 2025.