Thomas Myres
Thomas Harrison Myres FRIBA was an English railway architect who designed stations and ancillary buildings for the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway lines that were opened between 1880 and 1883, including several on what is now the Bluebell Railway. He was the son-in-law of the railway company's chief engineer, Frederick Banister. Although most of the lines for which Myres designed the buildings have been closed, many of his buildings survive as private residences. Several of the buildings designed by him are listed buildings, including the goods shed at Singleton in West Sussex which was declared Grade II in April 2013.
Personal and early life
Myres was born in Preston, Lancashire, the third son of John James Myres and Margaret Harrison. His brothers included William Miles Myres, who became Vicar of St Swithun's Church at Swanbourne in Buckinghamshire and was the father of John Linton Myres, the archaeologist who was the first Wykeham Professor of Ancient History at the University of Oxford. Myres was baptised at St John's Church, Preston on 5 August 1842.John James Myres was one of the founders of the civil engineering and architectural practice of Myres and Newton, based in Preston, who was appointed Mayor of Preston in 1868 and again in 1873. Between about 1838 and 1844, Frederick Banister was articled to the practice before becoming a railway engineer on the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway. Banister subsequently moved to southern England where in 1860 he became chief engineer to the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway.
Following his appointment as chief engineer to LB&SCR, Banister agreed to take Thomas Harrison Myres as a trainee, with Myres moving to the south to lodge with Banister. In 1871, Myres married Banister's daughter, Katharine Mary Banister, then living in Deptford. The couple had three children: Eleanor Annie, Frederick Edmund and Katharine Dorothea. Frederick became an architect and a member of the family firm. Thomas's wife Katharine died at Preston on 1 August 1923.
Professional and later life
Between 1880 and 1890, Myres was responsible for the design of new stations and other railway buildings built for the LB&SCR, although some of the stations were designed by staff architects working to Myres's basic concept.By the early 1890s, Myres had returned to Preston becoming a partner in the family firm trading as "Messrs. Veevers and Myres". In January 1893, Richard Veevers left the partnership, from when the partners were John James Myres and Thomas Harrison Myres, trading from Preston, Blackpool and at London Bridge. By January 1905, the partnership included Henry Heaton and Miles Myres.
At the time of the 1911 Census, Myres and his wife had various residences, including at Cottam, Lancashire. After Myres's death in 1926, a monument to him and his wife was erected at nearby Lea bearing the inscription: "To the glory of God and in the memory of the pioneer of restoration of roadside crosses Thomas Harrison Myres of Lea Lodge and of Catherine Mary his wife. The base of this cross originally stood 20 yds. west of this spot and was removed here and dedicated July 8th 1929".
A bundle of Myres's papers is held in the National Archives, including correspondence, accounts etc.
Stations designed by Myres
In total, Myres designed 18 stations for the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway in the 1880s, including those on the new lines from Hailsham to Eridge, Chichester to Midhurst, Lewes to East Grinstead and Haywards Heath to Horsted Keynes.The stations designed by Myres have been described as "distinctive and unnecessarily large", and as "amongst the most ornate provided by the Brighton company" which "blended well with their rustic surroundings". They were built in an "Old English" style, based on a standard design and were built of red brick with steep tiled roof and gables with elaborate bargeboards. The standard details included oriel windows, pargetting with flower designs and mock-Tudor timber on the first floors, elaborate carved porches at the entrance to the booking hall, with stained glass panels. Over the years, the mock timber was generally covered with hung tiles to prevent damp penetrating.
Image:Newick and Chailey station.JPG|Newick and Chailey station showing the canopy and enclosed footbridge|thumb|right
The stations featured "commodious" platform canopies, clad in zinc and supported by columns, made from either cast iron or timber, some with "particularly elegant" ironwork. Where possible, the standard Myres layout comprised a large L-shaped two-storey stationmaster's house, connected to a single-storey booking office, waiting rooms, lavatories etc., although the design needed to be adapted for stations on unlevel ground where the platform was either above or below road level, or on split levels.
Many of the stations were decorated with a company monogram alongside the date of the building: examples include those at Lavant, Singleton and Sheffield Park. The restored former Barcombe station shows a particularly fine example. Several of the larger stations featured a distinctive footbridge design, constructed of wood, with a roof, although no examples now survive.
In 1887, Frederick McDermott praised Myres's work in his "Life of Joseph Firbank" :
Leaving the cold classical style adopted by the first railway engineers and since generally followed, Mr Myres chose the warm colouring and varied form of what has, of late years, been termed the Queen Anne School, and the effects of the bright red brick, wooden beams and casemented windows is very pleasing.The description "Queen Anne School" is incorrect, however, as Myres's buildings were not symmetrical, nor could they be considered "classical".
Hassocks
The first station designed by Myres was for the 1880 rebuilding of on the Brighton Main Line. The station was built to replace the original 1841 station designed by David Mocatta; the new station was typical "Myres" with a half-timbered upper storey, decorative eaves, stained glass windows and elaborate porches, although not built to the "standard" Myres layout, having separate entrances to both the up and the down platforms. The main buildings were on the up side, including a refreshment room, with a single-storey building on the down platform with a separate booking office and waiting room. The main booking office had a lantern roof, as did the lavatories on the down platform, and the spacious platforms were protected by wide graceful canopies, supported on a double row of decorative cast iron columns. The station was built by James Longley of Turners Hill at a cost of £8,416.This station was demolished in 1973 and replaced with a "truly awful" modern structure. In 2006, members of the local community attempted to have the station rebuilt to a design similar to the Myres design; in the event, this design was not accepted and in July 2013, a new station was opened with a more modern "state of the art" building.
Hailsham to Eridge (Cuckoo Line)
The line from to was opened in 1880, with Myres being responsible for the design of all five intermediate stations, which were built by James Longley & Co. of Crawley. The stations at and were both of the standard Myres design, while that at had the platforms in a cutting with the booking office and stationmaster's house at road level, at right angles to the tracks. and were also built to the standard design, with the addition of a refreshment room in the "business" end. According to the company minutes, Mayfield station was built by James Longley at a cost of £3,190.The line, which acquired the name "The Cuckoo Line", was closed in 1965 although much of the track bed is now used for the Cuckoo Trail long-distance footpath.
Horam station has now been demolished and the site is now lost under a housing estate, although parts of the platform remain. Hellingly station is now a private residence, and is well preserved, including the platform canopies. At Heathfield, the booking office is occupied by a restaurant offering Greek cuisine, while the stationmasters's house is a private residence. The platforms and platform buildings have been demolished. The former Mayfield station is also a private residence, situated on a high bank adjacent to the Mayfield bypass. At Rotherfield, the station buildings have been split into two residences with the platform canopy on the main building being retained and a swimming pool between the platforms.
Following the opening of the line to, station was rebuilt in 1880 to convert it into a junction station. Although not designed by Myres, the station does contain two Myres' features – the booking office doors and the stone mullion windows on the north side.
Chichester to Midhurst
The year after the Hailsham line was opened, the LB&SCR opened the line between Chichester and Midhurst with three intermediate stations; these and the new station at were all designed by Myres.was built in a cutting and, as a result, the platform buildings were in effect a basement to the main buildings at road level and thus the station appeared to be on three storeys from the trackside. The two levels were connected by a wooden staircase under the canopy, with a separate luggage chute on the southern side.
has been described as "the most lavish station on the line" and as "most unnecessarily extravagant", being built with four platforms, arranged as two islands, as well as two signal boxes, a goods shed and a turntable. The railway company anticipated substantial business from Goodwood Racecourse and provided facilities to cater for horseboxes as well as additional trains bringing racegoers. The station building was situated at the end of a tree-lined avenue from the village of West Dean. The tracks were at a higher level than the station buildings which were surrounded on three sides by high retaining walls, with access to the island platforms by subway. To the left of the main building, there was a large toilet block in addition to those on the platforms, built solely for the benefit of the racegoers.
was built on the level to a "standard" Myres design with a particularly elegant porch with flower motifs in the rendering and panels.
On opening of the branch, a new station was built at to replace that built in 1866 as the terminus of the line from, with the station buildings on the northern, up, platform. The station also included a refreshment building.
The line was closed to passenger traffic in 1935 although freight services continued until 1951 on the northern section and to Lavant until 1970. Following closure, Lavant station was sold and converted into flats, although the canopy was dismantled and sold to the Bluebell Railway for re-erection at.
The former Singleton station was for many years occupied by Chilsdown Vineyards, operated by Ian and Andrew Paget, who started producing wine in 1974. The vineyard ceased trading in 2011 and the property is now owned by West Dean Estate and is occupied as a private residence.
Cocking station is also occupied as a private residence, having lost its canopy and had a first floor extension above the former booking office. Cocking retains the half timbered first floor which has been copied in the later extension.
Midhurst station has been demolished and the site is now occupied by a housing estate.