10th United States Congress
The 10th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1807, to March 4, 1809, during the seventh and eighth years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 census; both chambers had an overwhelming Democratic-Republican majority.
Major events
- May 22, 1807: Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr was indicted for treason. He was acquitted September 1, 1807
- June 1807: Chesapeake-Leopard Affair: The British warship captured and boarded the.
- August 17, 1807: The Clermont, Robert Fulton's first American steamboat, left New York City for Albany, New York, on the Hudson River, inaugurating the first commercial steamboat service in the world.
- January 1, 1808: The importation of slaves into the United States was banned
Major legislation
- December 22, 1807: Embargo Act of 1807, ch. 5,
- March 1, 1809: Non-Intercourse Act (1809), ch. 24,
Territories organized
- February 3, 1809: Illinois Territory was organized from a portion of Indiana Territory,
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.Leadership
Senate
- President: George Clinton
- President pro tempore: Samuel Smith, elected April 16, 1808
- * Stephen R. Bradley, elected December 28, 1808
- * John Milledge, elected January 30, 1809
House of Representatives
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.New Jersey">List of United States senators from New Jersey">New Jersey
Vermont">List of United States senators from Vermont">Vermont
House of Representatives
The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.[List of [United States representatives from Connecticut|Connecticut]]
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.Maryland">List of United States representatives from Maryland">Maryland
The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.New Hampshire">List of United States representatives from New Hampshire">New Hampshire
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.New Jersey">List of United States representatives from New Jersey">New Jersey
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.Pennsylvania">List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania
There were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, & 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives.Rhode Island">List of United States representatives from Rhode Island">Rhode Island
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.Senate
There were 5 resignations, 2 deaths, and 1 interim appointment. Neither party had a net change.House of Representatives
Of the voting members, there were 4 resignations, 4 deaths, and 2 vacancies from the beginning of this Congress. Democratic-Republicans had no net change and Federalists picked up 2 seats.Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.Senate
House of Representatives
- Accounts
- Affairs with Algiers
- Claims
- Commerce and Manufactures
- Conduct of Peter J. Bruin
- District of Columbia
- Elections
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Lands
- Revisal and Unfinished Business
- Rules
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
Employees
[List of [federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress|Legislative branch agency]] directors
Senate
- Chaplain: John J. Sayrs, until November 10, 1807
- * Alexander T. McCormick, elected November 10, 1807
- * Robert Elliott, elected November 10, 1808
- Secretary: Samuel A. Otis
- Sergeant at Arms: James Mathers
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Robert Elliott Presbyterian, until October 30, 1807
- * Obadiah B. Brown, Baptist, from October 30, 1807
- Clerk: John J. Beckley, until April 8, 1807
- * Patrick Magruder, from April 8, 1807
- Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton
- Reading Clerks:
- Sergeant at Arms: Joseph Wheaton, until October 27, 1807
- * Thomas Dunn, from October 27, 1807