1,3-Dichloropropene
1,3-Dichloropropene, sold under diverse trade names, is an organochlorine compound with the formula. It is a colorless liquid with a sweet smell. It is feebly soluble in water and evaporates easily. It is used mainly in farming as a pesticide, specifically as a preplant fumigant and nematicide. It acts non-specifically and is in Insecticide Resistance Action Committee#Table of [modes of action and classes of insecticide|IRAC] class 8A. It is widely used in the US and other countries, but is banned in 34 countries.
Production, chemical properties, biodegradation
It is a byproduct in the chlorination of propene to make allyl chloride.It is usually obtained as a mixture of the geometric isomers, called -1,3-dichloropropene, and -1,3-dichloropropene. Although it was first applied in agriculture in the 1950s, at least two biodegradation pathways have evolved. One pathway degrades the chlorocarbon to acetaldehyde via chloroacrylic acid.
Safety
The TLV-TWA for 1,3-dichloropropene is 1 ppm. It is a contact irritant. A wide range of complications have been reported.Carcinogenicity
Evidence for the carcinogenicity of 1,3-dichloropropene in humans is inadequate, but results from several cancer bioassays provide adequate evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. In the US, the United States [Department of Health and Human Services|Department of Health and Human Services] has determined that 1,3-dichloropropene may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has determined that 1,3-dichloropropene is possibly carcinogenic to humans. The EPA has classified 1,3-dichloropropene as a probable human carcinogen.Use
1,3-Dichloropropene is used as a pesticide in the following crops:| Crop | Pounds | Primary Pesticide? |
| Tobacco | 12,114,887 | Yes |
| Potatoes | 12,044,736 | Yes |
| Sugar Beets | 5,799,613 | Yes |
| Cotton | 3,735,543 | Yes |
| Peanuts | 3,463,003 | Yes |
| Sweet Potatoes | 1,210,872 | Yes |
| Onions | 674,183 | Yes |
| Carrots | 531,752 | Yes |
| Watermelons | 133,801 | No |
| Cantaloups | 121,395 | No |
| Cucumbers | 76,735 | No |
| Strawberries | 71,753 | No |
| Sweet Peppers | 28,247 | No |
| Melons | 12,471 | No |
| Blueberries | 3,090 | No |
| Asparagus | 1,105 | No |
Contamination
The Agency for [Toxic Substances and Disease Registry|ATSDR] has extensive contamination information available.Image:Frequency of npl sites with DCP contam.png|frame|none|Frequency of NPL Sites with 1,3-Dichloropropene Contamination