Tarairiú language


Tarairiú is an extinct language of eastern Brazil. The Tarairiú Nation was divided into several etnies: the Janduí, Kanindé, Payakú, Jenipapo, Jenipapo-Kanindé, Javó, Kamaçu, Takarijú, Ariús, Pêgas, Caratiús, Coremas, Panatís, Paratiós, Piancós, Xukurú among others.
It was once spoken between the Assu, [Rio Grande do Norte|Assú] River and Apodi River in Rio Grande do Norte.

Classification

The language is attested only through a few word lists. A few words resemble those of neighboring Kariri and Xukuru languages, but not enough to support a genealogical connection. Kaufman reports that "not even Greenberg dares classify this language".

Varieties

Below is a list of extinct Tarairiú language varieties listed by Loukotka, including names of unattested varieties.

Vocabulary

Some of the recorded words:
GlossTarairiú
'water'teu
'fire'kiro-kia, intoá
'stone'kebra
'head'kreká
'hair'unj
'ear'bandulak
'eye'pigó
'nose'korõza
'mouth'moz
'tooth'cidolé
'hand'koreké
'foot'poyá
'man'xenupre
'woman'moela, moéça
'son'ako
'house'sok
'eat'kringó
'sleep'gonyã

Resemblances with Macro-Jê languages are in kebra 'stone', kreká 'head', koreké 'hand', and poyá 'foot'. Resemblances with Xukuru are kiro- 'fire', kringó 'eat', sok 'house'.
Loukotka gives three words in Tarairiú:
  • agh 'sun'
  • kén 'stone'
  • ake 'tobacco'
For a more extensive vocabulary list of Tarairiú by de Souza, see the corresponding Portuguese article.

Lexical comparison

An alternative list of Tarairiú words compared with "" dialects and Cariri, compiled by the Paraíba historian José Elias Barbosa Borges, is given in Medeiros :