The village is named after the old Talvik farm since the first Talvik Church was built there. The first element of the name is rather uncertain. If the first element was of Old Norse origin then it is derived from the word Þelli which means "pine". The other explanation is that it is a corruption of the Northern Sami word Dálbme or the longer name Dálbmeluokta which translates as "fog" or "fog bay". The early Norwegiansettlers would have translated that as tåkebukta and this could have been corrupted from to. The last element of the name is which means "inlet" or "cove". Historically, the name was spelledTalvig using the old Danish spelling, and later it was "Norwegianized" to Talvik.