Amolops
Amolops is a genus of true frogs native mainly to eastern and south-eastern Asia. These frogs are closely related to such genera as Huia, Meristogenys, Odorrana, Pelophylax and Rana, but still form a distinct lineage among the core radiation of true frogs. They are commonly known as "torrent frogs" after their favorite habitat - small rapid-flowing mountain and hill streams - but this name is used for many similar-looking frogs regardless of whether they are loosely related.
Several species are highly convergent with other Ranidae "torrent frogs". A. archotaphus and its relatives for example very much resemble Odorrana livida. In another incidence of convergent evolution yielding adaptation to habitat, the tadpoles of Amolops, Huia, Meristogenys as well as Rana sauteri have a raised and usually well-developed sucker on their belly. This is useful in keeping in place in rocky torrents, where these frogs grow up. But as Odorrana and Staurois from comparable habitat prove, this sucker is by no means a necessity and other means of adaptation to torrent habitat exist.
Species
The delimitation of this genus has proven complicated, with many species believed to belong elsewhere. Due to the degree of convergent evolution, DNA sequence studies are very helpful in assigning species to the genera, though the possibility of past hybridization cannot be discounted in Ranidae.New species are described on a regular basis. At least one undescribed species is known to exist, a very distinct form from Phetchaburi in Thailand that is possibly closer to A. marmoratus than to most others.Amolops afghanus Günther, 1858Amolops ailao Tang et al., 2023Amolops akhaorum Stuart, Bain, Phimmachak, and Spence, 2010Amolops albispinus Sung, Hu, Wang, Liu, and Wang, 2016Amolops aniqiaoensis Dong, Rao, and Lü, 2005Amolops archotaphus Inger and Chan-ard, 1997Amolops assamensis Sengupta et al., 2008Amolops attiguus Sheridan, Phimmachak, Sivongxay, Stuart, 2023Amolops australis Chan, Abraham, Grismer, and Grismer, 2018Amolops bellulus Liu, Yang, Ferraris, and Matsui, 2000Amolops chakrataensis Ray, 1992Amolops chayuensis Sun, Luo, Sun, and Zhang, 2013Amolops chunganensis Pope, 1929Amolops compotrix Bain, Stuart, and Orlov, 2006Amolops cremnobatus Inger and Kottelat, 1998Amolops cucae Bain, Stuart, and Orlov, 2006Amolops dafangensis Li et al., 2024Amolops daiyunensis Liu & Hu, 1975Amolops daorum Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003Amolops formosus Günther, 1876Amolops gerbillus Annandale, 1912Amolops gerutu Chan, Abraham, Grismer, and Grismer, 2018Amolops granulosus Liu and Hu, 1961Amolops hainanensis Boulenger, 1900Amolops himalayanus Boulenger, 1888Amolops hongkongensis Pope and Romer, 1951 - Hong Kong cascade frogAmolops indoburmanensis Dever, Fuiten, Konu, and Wilkinson, 2012Amolops iriodes Bain and Nguyen, 2004Amolops jaunsari Ray, 1992Amolops jinjiangensis Su, Yang, and Li, 1986Amolops kaulbacki Smith, 1940Amolops kohimaensis Biju, Mahony, and Kamei, 2010Amolops kottelati Sheridan, Phimmachak, Sivongxay, & Stuart, 2023Amolops larutensis Boulenger, 1899Amolops lifanensis Liu, 1945Amolops loloensis Liu, 1950Amolops longimanus Andersson, 1939Amolops mahabharatensis Khatiwada, Shu, Wang, Zhao, Xie, and Jiang, 2020Amolops mantzorum David, 1872Amolops marmoratus Blyth, 1855Amolops medogensis Li and Rao, 2005Amolops mengdingensis Yu, Wu, and Yang, 2019Amolops mengyangensis Wu and Tian, 1995Amolops minutus Orlov and Ho, 2007Amolops monticola Anderson, 1871Amolops nidorbellus Biju, Mahony, and Kamei, 2010Amolops nyingchiensis Jiang, Wang, Xie, Jiang, and Che, 2016Amolops ottorum Pham, Sung, Pham, Le, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2019Amolops pallasitatus Qi, Zhou, Lyu, Lu, and Li, 2019Amolops panhai Matsui & Nabhitabhata, 2006Amolops putaoensis Gan et al., 2020Amolops ricketti Boulenger, 1899Amolops senchalensis Chanda, 1987Amolops sengae Sheridan, Phimmachak, Sivongxay, & Stuart, 2023Amolops shihaitaoi Wang, Li, Du, Hou, & Yu, 2022Amolops shillong Saikia et al., 2025Amolops shuichengicus Lyu and Wang, 2019Amolops siju Saikia et al., 2023Amolops sinensis Lyu, Wang, and Wang, 2019Amolops spinapectoralis Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999Amolops splendissimus Orlov and Ho, 2007Amolops tanfuilianae Sheridan, Phimmachak, Sivongxay, & Stuart, 2023Amolops teochew Zeng, Wang, Lyu & Wang, 2021Amolops terraorchis Saikia et al., 2022Amolops torrentis Smith, 1923Amolops truongi Pham et al., 2023Amolops tuanjieensis Gan et al., 2020Amolops tuberodepressus Liu and Yang, 2000Amolops viridimaculatus Jiang, 1983Amolops vitreus Bain, Stuart, and Orlov, 2006Amolops wangyali Mahony, Nidup, Streicher, Teeling & Kamei, 2022Amolops wenshanensis Yuan, Jin, Li, Stuart, and Wu, 2018Amolops wuyiensis Liu and Hu, 1975Amolops xinduqiao Fei, Ye, Wang, and Jiang, 2017Amolops yangi Wu et al., 2024Amolops yatseni Lyu, Wang, and Wang, 2019Amolops yunkaiensis Lyu, Wang, Liu, Zeng, and Wang, 2018